Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献_第4页

Whispered words and organizational dynamics: The nuanced evaluation of gossipers' personality and its effect on workplace advice seeking 悄悄话与组织动态：对闲言碎语者性格的细微评价及其对职场建议寻求的影响

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104643

Lijun (Shirley) Zhang , Nahid Ibrahim , Shankha Basu

{"title":"Whispered words and organizational dynamics: The nuanced evaluation of gossipers' personality and its effect on workplace advice seeking","authors":"Lijun (Shirley) Zhang , Nahid Ibrahim , Shankha Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prior research has extensively studied workplace group dynamics within the gossip triad (i.e., sender, receiver, and target). This research shifts the focus to third-party observers outside the gossip triad, examining how they evaluate gossipers and non-gossipers, and whom they turn to for advice. Across five pre-registered experiments (<em>N</em> = 1400), the present work builds on an integrative definition of gossip and provides a functionalist account of observers' nuanced evaluation of gossipers' personality from a global perspective. Observers perceive gossipers as less moral and competent, but more sociable, than non-gossipers (Experiment 1). Consequently, observers are less likely to seek advice from gossipers (vs. non-gossipers) for tasks requiring high morality (e.g., enforcing ethical conduct; Experiment 2a) and high competence (e.g., managing excess inventory; Experiment 2b), yet more likely to do so for tasks requiring high sociability (e.g., organizing a welcome lunch; Experiment 2c). A moderation-of-process approach shows that incidental cues signaling morality, competence, and sociability influence observers' evaluations of and advice-seeking from gossipers (versus non-gossipers) on relevant tasks (Experiments 2a–2c). These findings remain robust in an incentive-compatible setting (Experiment 3). This research advances our understanding of observers' evaluation of gossipers and its implications for workplace advice seeking.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000568/pdfft?md5=cc67b4fcb63d6b817b3fdb61cbd06951&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000568-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

System justification makes income gaps appear smaller 系统理由使收入差距看起来较小

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104646

Daniela Goya-Tocchetto , Aaron C. Kay , B. Keith Payne

{"title":"System justification makes income gaps appear smaller","authors":"Daniela Goya-Tocchetto , Aaron C. Kay , B. Keith Payne","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People tend to underestimate how much income inequality exists. Much research has attributed this widespread underestimation to differential access to information, variance in exposure to inequality, or motivated attention to different aspects of inequality. In our research, we suggest that the motivation to believe that the current socioeconomic system is fair and legitimate (i.e., system justification) can shape how much inequality people see in the first place, leading them to perceive otherwise identical income gaps as smaller in magnitude. Across eight studies (<em>N</em> = 4113, including a pre-registered sample representative of the U.S. population on key benchmarks), we provide correlational and experimental evidence for a causal association between system justification and perceptions of the magnitude of income gaps. We examine the mediating role of fairness judgments and test this mechanism against other mediators. We also manipulate system justification mindset to test for its causal effect on perceptions of the magnitude of identical income gaps. We contrast the predictive ability of system justification with that of a related motive—social dominance orientation, showing preliminary evidence that system justification is a better predictor of how much inequality people perceive in contexts that <em>do not</em> overlay the economic inequality with intergroup inequality (e.g., racial inequality). Finally, across three of these studies, we assess policy related downstream consequences of the effect of system justification on perceived magnitude of inequality, providing evidence that this effect uniquely contributes to decreased support for redistributive policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A trust inoculation to protect public support of governmentally mandated actions to mitigate climate change 接种信任疫苗，保护公众对政府授权的减缓气候变化行动的支持

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104656

Tobia Spampatti , Tobias Brosch , Evelina Trutnevyte , Ulf J.J. Hahnel

{"title":"A trust inoculation to protect public support of governmentally mandated actions to mitigate climate change","authors":"Tobia Spampatti , Tobias Brosch , Evelina Trutnevyte , Ulf J.J. Hahnel","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a world barreling down into a worsening climate crisis, negative persuasive attacks to necessary climate policies are major threats to the public's support of governmental mandates to mitigate climate change. To protect against such attacks, here we introduce and investigate the effect and the treatment heterogeneity of the trust inoculation, a psychological inoculation strategy designed around the influence of trust as a key social dimension of persuasion. Across three preregistered studies, in one Swiss state (<em>N =</em> 389), in seven European countries (<em>N =</em> 2805), and in the United States (<em>N =</em> 3586), and in a mega-analysis (<em>N</em> = 6697), we provide evidence that inoculating citizens with the trustworthiness of key energy stakeholders protects citizens' support for renewable energy against multiple negative persuasive attacks (δ = 0.16). Whereas baseline trust in key energy stakeholders did not moderate the effects, the trust inoculation selectively protected the citizens most susceptible to negative persuasive attacks, i.e., participants with high biospheric values. Study 3 showed that the trust inoculation, rather than a simple trust message, is responsible for the protection from incoming persuasive attacks. Our findings demonstrate that the trust inoculation may serve as an easily implementable, and scalable umbrella strategy to engender a modest but significant protection for governmental mandates against multiple negative persuasive attacks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000696/pdfft?md5=19a673136dcc3d492d9296749e21bae2&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000696-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who's leading whom? Mutual influences in moral decision-making between leaders and subordinates over time and the role of self-interest 谁在领导谁？领导者和下属在道德决策中的长期相互影响以及自身利益的作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104645

Simon Tobias Karg , Christian Truelsen Elbæk , Panagiotis Mitkidis

{"title":"Who's leading whom? Mutual influences in moral decision-making between leaders and subordinates over time and the role of self-interest","authors":"Simon Tobias Karg , Christian Truelsen Elbæk , Panagiotis Mitkidis","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ethical behavior within groups is shaped by various situational and social factors, including hierarchy and power asymmetries. We present three preregistered studies (<em>N</em><sub><em>total</em></sub> = 1253) examining the social dynamics that affect ethical decision-making in hierarchical dyads, employing two novel collaborative cheating tasks. In the first two studies, we find evidence that individuals mutually influenced each other's honesty across repeated interactions, even though they had different power over the outcomes. In addition, the degree and direction of these influences were moderated by the ethical make-up of these dyads. Moreover, there were congruency effects for character judgments, wherein dyads engaging in collaborative cheating behaviors tended to evaluate each other positively, particularly in terms of competence and closeness. In a third study, manipulating whether ignoring cheating is beneficial to an observer or not, we find that observers were less inclined to verify (vs. rely on) potentially dishonest reports when they themselves benefitted from dishonest reporting. In addition, individuals benefiting from dishonest behavior formed close bonds with them, evaluating them positively and contributing more money in a subsequent public goods game. This research illuminates the intricate interplay of social dynamics, ethical orientations, and motivations in hierarchical relationships, offering insights for understanding and managing ethical decision-making in various contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000581/pdfft?md5=96272ad98d676a8493f12556c5928935&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000581-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiracials' affective, behavioral and identity-specific responses to identity denial 多种族对身份否认的情感、行为和特定身份反应

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104647

Payton A. Small

{"title":"Multiracials' affective, behavioral and identity-specific responses to identity denial","authors":"Payton A. Small","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiracial individuals commonly experience instances of identity denial, in which their racial identities are questioned, invalidated and/or rejected by others. The present research examined majority-minority Multiracials' forecasted and actual responses to identity denial experiences, specifically investigating whether the race of the denied identity (White vs racial minority) and race of the identity denial perpetrator (White vs racial minority) differentially impact the experience of identity denial. In Study 1, participants (<em>N</em> = 247) who imagined having their racial minority (vs White) identity denied forecasted stronger negative affective responses and likelihood of identity reassertion, irrespective of the racial identity of the denial perpetrator. Study 2 found participants (<em>N</em> = 85) whose racial minority identity was experimentally denied reported stronger active negative affect (e.g., anger) and were more likely to reassert their identity. Additionally, Study 2 examined three racial identity-specific processes – self-presentation, self-perception and self-identification – impacted by identity denial experiences. Multiracials whose racial minority identity was denied by a White perpetrator perceived their own racial identity, presented their racial identity to others and shifted their racial self-identification in alignment with their racially minoritized identity. The opposite pattern occurred among Multiracial individuals whose racial minority identity was denied by a racial minority perpetrator. The findings imply the specific components of an identity denial experience (race of denied identity and race of denial perpetrator) are important for predicting how Multiracials experience and respond to instances of identity denial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

You are safer with me: Presence of the self lowers risk perception for others 和我在一起更安全自我的存在降低了对他人的风险认知

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104642

Haihong Li , Yimo Yang , Tengchuan Cui , Xiaofei Xie

引用次数: 0

Smartly following others: Majority influence depends on how the majority behavior is formed 聪明地追随他人：多数人的影响力取决于多数人的行为是如何形成的

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104644

Jun Yin , Zikai Xu , Jing Lin , Wenying Zhou , Xiuyan Guo

{"title":"Smartly following others: Majority influence depends on how the majority behavior is formed","authors":"Jun Yin , Zikai Xu , Jing Lin , Wenying Zhou , Xiuyan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Individuals tend to follow choices and behaviors that are common among others, indicating majority influence. Nevertheless, majority behaviors that appear to be consistent can be generated by different factors during the decision-making process; hence, the current study addressed whether people consider the source of majority behavior and follow the majority differently when that behavior is formed under different choice conditions. The participants were asked to select a safe exit after observing others' choices in simulated fire escape scenes, and their probability of adopting the majority choice was tested when all or some of the other persons were free or constrained to choose an exit for escaping under different sizes of majority. The results showed that people are more likely to follow the majority's choice when faced with available options than when constrained to make a common choice, and an increase in majority size leads to an increase in majority influence only when the majority behavior is formed under free choice. Importantly, when the majority behavior is generated by a computer algorithm, the majority influence is not affected by the availability of options, ruling out nonsocial differences as contributors to source-dependent majority influence. These findings indicate that people do not simply engage in any form of majority behavior at face value but rather distinguish between different types of majority behavior while following the majority. This finding highlights the fact that people account for rational factors and seek to maximize information gains when following the majority.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are conspiracy theory believers drawn to conspiratorial explanations, alternatives explanations, or both? 阴谋论的信奉者是被阴谋论的解释、替代性解释还是两者兼而有之所吸引？

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104640

Kenzo Nera , Paul Bertin , Mikey Biddlestone , Maude Tagand , Olivier Klein

{"title":"Are conspiracy theory believers drawn to conspiratorial explanations, alternatives explanations, or both?","authors":"Kenzo Nera , Paul Bertin , Mikey Biddlestone , Maude Tagand , Olivier Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Individuals differ in their general propensity to believe in conspiracy theories, often referred to as conspiracy mentality. Because prototypical conspiracy theories exhibit a conspiratorial content (i.e., they claim that a conspiracy occurred) and an alternative status (i.e., they are rejected by authorities), it is unclear if conspiracy mentality captures a general tendency to believe in conspiracies, to endorse alternative narratives, or to believe in conspiratorial alternative narratives. To adjudicate between these interpretations, we carried out three experimental studies (<em>Ns</em> = 364, 772, 629) in which we experimentally manipulated the respective statuses (endorsed by authorities vs. rejected by the authorities) of competing conspiratorial and non-conspiratorial explanations for fictitious controversial events. Overall, conspiracy mentality predicted the endorsement of conspiratorial explanations and the rejection of non-conspiratorial explanations. However, these relationships were moderated by the respective statuses of these explanations. When authorities endorsed the conspiratorial explanation and rejected the non-conspiratorial explanation, the relationships were either nullified (in Studies 1 & 3) or attenuated (in study 2). These effects were driven by participants scoring low on the conspiracy mentality measures, who reported a lower endorsement of the conspiratorial explanation when it was rejected by authorities. They also reported a stronger endorsement of the non-conspiratorial explanation when it was presented as endorsed by authorities. By contrast, conspiracy believers' endorsement of the explanations was unaffected by their status. These findings are informative of what conspiracy mentality scales capture and highlight the need to adopt more specific definitions in psychological research on conspiracy theories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weight stigma: Do we believe that everyone can enjoy healthy behaviors? 体重成见：我们相信每个人都能享受健康的行为吗？

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104630

Peggy J. Liu , Kelly L. Haws

{"title":"Weight stigma: Do we believe that everyone can enjoy healthy behaviors?","authors":"Peggy J. Liu , Kelly L. Haws","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Weight-based stigma is prevalent, increasing, and has many negative consequences. This research examines people's beliefs about what other people with heavy versus thin body types enjoy, in terms of food and activities. Predictions of others' enjoyment are important, as they can shape various downstream judgments, including beliefs about other people's likely goal pursuit success, and recommendations and choices for others. Six pre-registered experiments compare predictions of others' enjoyment of healthy and unhealthy foods and activities, based on whether others have heavy versus thin body types. These experiments show that whereas beliefs about what people with thin body types enjoy are flexible, beliefs about what people with heavy body types enjoy are narrow and inflexible. Specifically, if people with thin body types engage in counter-stereotypical unhealthy behavior, they are perceived to enjoy such behavior as much as people with heavy body types. By contrast, even if people with heavy body types engage in counter-stereotypical healthy behavior, they are perceived not to enjoy such behavior as much as people with thin body types. The potential wide-ranging implications of the belief that heavy people have narrower ranges of potential enjoyment are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “How pledges reduce dishonesty: The role of involvement and identification” [Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 113(2024) 104614] 对 "承诺如何减少不诚实行为：参与和认同的作用》[《实验社会心理学杂志》113(2024) 104614]

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104641

Eyal Peer , Nina Mazar , Yuval Feldman , Dan Ariely

引用次数: 0