Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107023
Judith van Leeuwen , Freddy van Hulst , Linda Del Savio , Emily Cowan , Astrid Hendriksen
{"title":"A marine pollution governance assessment framework - the case of emerging tyre wear particles governance in the European Union","authors":"Judith van Leeuwen , Freddy van Hulst , Linda Del Savio , Emily Cowan , Astrid Hendriksen","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite global regulatory efforts over the last 50 years, marine pollution remains a persistent challenge. Its transboundary nature requires a multifaceted governance approach that encompasses land-based sectors as well as pathways of pollution from land to sea. Understanding why marine pollution governance struggles to be effective requires examining actor interactions and power dynamics that shape regulatory outcomes.</div><div>This article therefore develops a marine pollution governance assessment framework (MAPGAF) based on two key components: 1) A <em>life cycle</em> perspective that considers pollution sources from product creation to their end-of-pipe emissions, and 2) an analysis of <em>governance arrangements</em> including rules of the game, discourse and power dynamics between actors. The MAPGAF is applied to the emerging governance of tyre wear particles (TWPs) within the European Union (EU), a new focal area recognized in the European Green Deal Zero Pollution Action Plan.</div><div>The analysis highlights that different regulatory developments are emerging along the lifecycle of tyres and the end-of-pipe emissions of TWPs. EU governance arrangements addressing different life cycle stages thus interact, shaping overarching regulatory, power and discursive trends. Most importantly, while on the one hand recent EU regulations are expected to foster a more preventive approach to TWP emissions by enhancing tyre design, the power of the tyre (and car) manufacturers is increasing. Recognising these interactions is key to strengthening marine pollution governance in the EU, by addressing industry influence, integrating a life cycle perspective, and ensuring that governance arrangements are ambitious and enforceable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107031
Byeong-Je Kim , Jisong Jeong , Young Bae
{"title":"Beyond risk perception: How trust in government dominates willingness to purchase Japanese seafood after Fukushima radioactive wastewater release","authors":"Byeong-Je Kim , Jisong Jeong , Young Bae","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2023 Fukushima radioactive wastewater release announcement reignited seafood safety fears in South Korea, prompting widespread opposition to Japanese seafood imports. This study investigated factors associated with South Koreans’ willingness to purchase Japanese seafood, focusing on the multidimensional role of domestic government trust. Using text mining of YouTube comments and logistic regression analysis of nationwide survey data, we found that trust in the South Korean government was a stronger statistical predictor of purchase intention than consumers’ own risk perception. Among the dimensions of government trust, both benevolence—the belief in the government’s goodwill to protect its citizens—and trust in the information it provides emerged as significant predictors of purchase intention. This study demonstrates that during international food safety crises, public trust in their own government’s protective intent is a crucial factor in consumer behavior, potentially outweighing perceived risk itself. This study underscores the importance of domestic trust-building in mitigating the socio-economic consequences of international marine environmental crises. Such efforts are key to ensuring the stability of the international seafood trade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial patterns and drivers of small-island mangrove degradation: Implications for adaptive coastal management in Tanakeke Island, Indonesia","authors":"Dwi Fajriyati Inaku , Fery Kurniawan , Luky Adrianto , Rahmat Kurnia , Suryo Kusumo","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small-island mangrove ecosystems are highly vulnerable to degradation because of their limited land area, dependence on coastal resources, and increasing human pressures. This study investigated the drivers, spatial patterns, and spatial determinants of mangrove degradation on Tanakeke Island, Indonesia, using high-resolution SPOT 6 and 7 imagery, Moran’s I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), and spatial regression analysis. Two dominant degradation forms were identified: small patches and localized bare areas associated with gradual, selective logging, and large pond-clustered conversions, reflecting a systematic landscape-scale expansion. Spatial regression showed that logging-related degradation was only weakly explained by spatial variables, suggesting a more substantial influence from non-spatial drivers, such as socioeconomic factors. In contrast, pond conversion exhibited strong spatial dependence, primarily driven by accessibility to infrastructure and settlements. These contrasting patterns highlight the need for differentiated and coordinated management strategies. Localized logging should be addressed through community-based monitoring and regular patrols. Aquaculture expansion requires stricter land-use regulations and continuous spatial monitoring. By linking the spatial patterns of degradation with their underlying drivers, this study provides a spatially explicit basis for adaptive coastal management of small-island mangrove systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107027"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107014
Cao Wei , Zhang Shu
{"title":"Towards “land and sea coordination” in China’s offshore environmental protection enforcement: Issues, challenges, and improvement","authors":"Cao Wei , Zhang Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the principle of “land and sea coordination” as a critical framework for enhancing China’s offshore environmental protection enforcement. Over decades of marine environmental protection practices, China has gradually established the guiding principle of “land and sea coordination,” focusing on addressing prominent environmental problems in offshore area by strengthening the prevention and control of land-based pollution. The study examines how the “land and sea coordination” principle can rectify the deficiencies in marine environment protection enforcement, and underscores the importance of establishing a more cohesive legal and regulatory framework that aligns land and sea environmental protection efforts. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of existing legal frameworks, regulatory practices, and spatial planning policies. By reviewing these components, the research identifies key gaps in the current enforcement system, particularly in the fragmented approach to land and sea governance. The study offers actionable recommendations, including the need for a strengthened legal framework that better integrates land-sea environmental protection, the promotion of unified spatial planning that resolves conflicts between land and marine policies, the enhancement of pollutant discharge standards tailored to marine ecological needs, and the improvement of sewage outfall regulations. Key results include recommendations for improving the legal framework, promoting unified spatial planning, enhancing pollutant discharge standards, strengthening the regulation of sewage outfalls, and improving environmental protection obligations in coastal reclamation. The findings emphasize that implementing the “land and sea coordination” principle is vital for ensuring the sustainable development of marine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107048
Nina Razafimalala , Jérôme Queste , Thierry Razanakoto , Zo Hasina Rabemananjara , Marc Léopold
{"title":"The hidden side of the co-production of small-scale fishery policy instruments in Madagascar","authors":"Nina Razafimalala , Jérôme Queste , Thierry Razanakoto , Zo Hasina Rabemananjara , Marc Léopold","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The participation of stakeholders in the design of fisheries policy instruments has emerged worldwide as good governance practice. Their participation is expected to ensure that policies are context-specific, address local needs and ecological realities, and foster effective fishery management. We used an interdisciplinary perspective from policy science, institutional economics, and sociology to challenge this common view in least developed countries through a case study of mud crab export small-scale fisheries in Madagascar. In 2021–2023, we conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives of local communities, the fishing sector, environmental non-governmental organizations, research, and administrations to study the co-production process of policy instruments regulating fishing and market activities. The results showed that non-state stakeholders' participation was effective during the design, early development, and implementation phases of instrument production although local communities contributed less than other influencing stakeholders (non-governmental organizations, experts, and exporting companies) due to power asymmetries. However, the final content of most policy instruments was determined with limited participation while the decision-making process remained under the control of the central fisheries administration. The paper highlights the visible and hidden aspects of apparent inclusive governance of the fisheries. To develop sustainable and actionable solutions to wicked resource use problems in small-scale fisheries, efforts should extend beyond opportunistic consultation to ensure meaningful contribution of local and other non-state actors to decision-making through transparent institutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107043
Weikang Wang , Guifang (Julia) Xue
{"title":"The BBNJ agreement and its potential to facilitate fisheries management in the ABNJ","authors":"Weikang Wang , Guifang (Julia) Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over decades, the management of the high sea fisheries have been frustrated by a series of enduring issues such as the “free-rider” and non-compliance of fishing vessels. Various types of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) have endeavoured to take management role in the conservation of high sea fisheries. However, their efforts have been hampered by their limited functional power and fragmented operational patterns. A mounting demand has been generated for a cooperative mechanism to address the issues and deficiencies of RFMOs in fisheries management. Against this backdrop, the paper argues that the newly adopted Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) may be beneficial to the high seas fisheries management, despite its intent “not to undermine” current frameworks. The paper examines whether the BBNJ Agreement may have the potential to facilitate RFMOs to improve their management performance, and to what extent it could influence RFMO’s practice. This is followed by discussions on possible pathways in achieving such anticipation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107019
Yu Ning
{"title":"Sino-US ocean data competition and cooperation: From the case of LOGINK platform","authors":"Yu Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The promulgation of the LOGINK ban in the U.S. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (NDAA 2024) marks a decisive turn in the securitization of global maritime data infrastructures. Due to the growing impact of China’s National Transportation Logistics Public Information Platform (known as “LOGINK”) platform in the global supply chains, the United States passed legislation banning the Pentagon, government-funded ports, and critical infrastructures from using LOGINK or any other logistics platform that shares data with LOGINK. So far, there has been competition in the field of ocean data. But rather than being confrontational, the competition should be one of cooperation. Such cooperation particularly can make breakthroughs in shipping security and green shipping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107010
Aidan P. Long , Karina L. Ryan , Eva K.M. Lai , Stephen Bradshaw , Emily M. Ogier , Claire B. Smallwood , Sean R. Tracey
{"title":"Evaluating social indicators of recreational fishing activity in Western Australia: Insights from a global disruption","authors":"Aidan P. Long , Karina L. Ryan , Eva K.M. Lai , Stephen Bradshaw , Emily M. Ogier , Claire B. Smallwood , Sean R. Tracey","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological indicators like catch and harvest data are central to managing recreational fisheries, yet social indicators of recreational fishing remain undervalued and underutilised. This study trialled recreational fishing licence sales as an indicator of expectation to realise benefit through licensed recreational fishing and Relative Search Volume (RSV) from Google Search terms as an indicator of recreational fishing interest. Time series for both indicators incorporated the COVID-19 pandemic period to assess their ability to detect changes in recreational fishing in Western Australia. Data included monthly licence sales from six fisheries (2011–2023) and RSV for ‘fishing’ and ‘accommodation’ and the names of 15 regional towns (2016–2021). During the acute pandemic phase (March 2020–March 2022), Recreational Boat Fishing and Rock Lobster licence sales increased by 6 % and 10 %, respectively, before returning to pre-pandemic levels from April 2022. RSV increased for accommodation in most regional towns during the acute pandemic phase, suggesting increasing interest in domestic travel. In contrast, fishing-related RSV only increased in three towns, indicating more localised increases in fishing interest. We recommend the use of licence sales as a robust social indicator of the population expecting to realise benefit through licensed recreational fishing. While RSV for fishing did not produce a clear signal of change in recreational fishing interest during the pandemic, further applications of RSV in fisheries settings are required to fully evaluate its potential as a fisheries science and management tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107044
Zhengkai Mao , Huirong Liu , Dawang Cao , Zhijun Zhang
{"title":"The role of CLCS recommendations in extended continental shelf delineation: A practical analysis and directions for improvement","authors":"Zhengkai Mao , Huirong Liu , Dawang Cao , Zhijun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2026.107044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) creates a legal regime for the continental shelf in Part VI and Annex II, which gives Coastal States the entitlement over their continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines of the territorial sea. Article 76(8) outlines the fundamental procedures for delineating the outer limits of the continental shelf. While this provision explicitly states that the limits of the continental shelf established by the Coastal State on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) are final and binding, this wording is deemed ambiguous in light of the intricacies involved in delineation practices. This gives rise to controversies surrounding the legal effect of CLCS recommendations, ultimately hindering the effective delineation of ECS. The study uses the method of historical analysis to sort out the historical evolution of the international legal regime for the continental shelf and the international political factors leading to the birth of Article 76(8) of UNCLOS. Based on a summary of the current state of how CLCS considers Coastal States’ submissions, as well as an exploration into the impact of international judicial institutions on the legal effect of CLCS recommendations, the study proposes suggestions for improving the procedures and recommendations of the CLCS in ECS delineation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107015
Maruf Maruf
{"title":"Strengthening capacity building in developing countries for effective maritime law enforcement: Current practices, challenges, and future outlook","authors":"Maruf Maruf","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.107015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many countries, especially developing countries, face significant challenges in enforcing maritime laws, due to limited resources, insufficient technology, inadequate training, and lack of proper equipment. As illegitimate activities continue to rise, there is an urgent need for comprehensive strategies to strengthen the capabilities of maritime law enforcement (MLE) agencies. This paper explores the critical role of capacity-building in enhancing MLE. The analysis reveals that various instruments, particularly the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, require states to provide assistance to others, especially developing countries, including assistance for enhancing MLE. While international institutions have established several capacity-building initiatives, these efforts have not fully met the MLE needs of developing countries, highlighting the necessity for further strengthening of capacity-building efforts. Some regional cooperation efforts for capacity-building have been initiated, and countries have also formed bilateral cooperation to strengthen MLE. This paper suggests that fostering institutional collaboration for MLE across multiple levels will significantly enhance capacity-building efforts in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}