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Journal of Research in Personality最新文献

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Big Six Personality Traits in the Africa Long Life Study 非洲长寿研究中的六大人格特征
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603
Marie Kura , Katrin Rentzsch , Amber Gayle Thalmayer
{"title":"Big Six Personality Traits in the Africa Long Life Study","authors":"Marie Kura ,&nbsp;Katrin Rentzsch ,&nbsp;Amber Gayle Thalmayer","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explored Big Six personality traits and their correlates among 18-year-olds from Kenya, Namibia, and South Africa (<em>N</em> = 1,746). Established Big-Five and Six-inventories contain culture-specific phrasing and lack fit and measurement invariance in Africa. Using the original maker terms from diverse lexical studies used to build the HEXACO, we created new, single-term Big Six scales with good fit and measurement invariance across countries, which we used to explore concurrent and predictive associations with mental/physical health, and religiosity. Results for Honesty, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness replicated findings from North America and Europe, while Extraversion and Emotionality did not, indicating more cultural-specificity. Our method represents a middle path between imported and culture-specific personality research, a promising approach for cross-cultural research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What’s in a name? Exploring overlap among self-belief constructs 名字里有什么？探索自我信念构念之间的重叠
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631
Lindsay S. Ackerman, Richard E. Lucas
{"title":"What’s in a name? Exploring overlap among self-belief constructs","authors":"Lindsay S. Ackerman,&nbsp;Richard E. Lucas","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jingle-jangle fallacies, which are pervasive in psychology, complicate measurement, propagate confusion among scholars, and weaken the conclusions researchers can draw from their studies. In the present study (<em>N</em> = 1,258), we investigated these issues in the domain of self-belief constructs (self-efficacy, self-competence, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-worth, self-value, self-regard, self-liking, and self-respect). Exploratory factor analyses at the scale- and item-levels provided evidence of significant overlap among constructs. A two-factor solution may be best supported by the data, where self-efficacy constitutes one factor and all other constructs the second (though where self-competence falls is less clear). Ultimately, these findings draw attention to the need for clear and concise construct definitions, precise and well-validated measurement instruments, and careful consideration when researchers propose new constructs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The general factor of personality (GFP) in natural language: A deep learning approach 自然语言中的一般人格因素（GFP）：一种深度学习方法
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635
Dimitri van der Linden , Andrew Cutler , Putri A. van der Linden , Curtis S. Dunkel
{"title":"The general factor of personality (GFP) in natural language: A deep learning approach","authors":"Dimitri van der Linden ,&nbsp;Andrew Cutler ,&nbsp;Putri A. van der Linden ,&nbsp;Curtis S. Dunkel","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using Large Language Models (LLMs), we tested the presence of a general factor of personality (GFP) in trait words in natural language (e.g., thousands of books and posts on internet). We included three set of trait words, extracted from well-known classical lexical studies on personality. The general factor we found represented a continuum of social desirable traits, similar to a typical GFP. Moreover, this LLM-based general factor correlated <em>r</em> = 0.86 with the general factor in the original Saucier and Goldberg (1997) data. The findings were robust regarding type of machine learning prompts and statistical methods used. The findings indicate that in natural language, a GFP exists that is similar to previous lexical studies using human raters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Delayed gratification across 22 Countries: A cross-national analysis of demographic variation and childhood predictors 22个国家的延迟满足：人口统计学差异和儿童预测因素的跨国分析
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627
Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska , Piotr Bialowolski , Richard G. Cowden , Sung Joon Jang , Matt Bradshaw , R. Noah Padgett , Byron R. Johnson , Tyler J. VanderWeele
{"title":"Delayed gratification across 22 Countries: A cross-national analysis of demographic variation and childhood predictors","authors":"Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska ,&nbsp;Piotr Bialowolski ,&nbsp;Richard G. Cowden ,&nbsp;Sung Joon Jang ,&nbsp;Matt Bradshaw ,&nbsp;R. Noah Padgett ,&nbsp;Byron R. Johnson ,&nbsp;Tyler J. VanderWeele","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior research documents associations between delayed gratification and important life outcomes such as improved health, well-being, and educational achievement. However, less is known about how levels of delayed gratification vary across cultures and across demographic groups, as well as which childhood antecedents contribute to delayed gratification in adulthood. This study examines variations in delayed gratification across demographic groups and its childhood predictors. A diverse and representative dataset of 202,898 individuals from 22 countries is used. Random-effects meta-analysis and E-values for robustness are applied to examine associations between nine key demographic factors, childhood predictors, and adult delayed gratification. The mean levels of delayed gratification (scaled 0–10) vary by country, ranging from 5.2 to 8.4, with notable but less substantial variation across demographic characteristics. Among childhood variables, positive subjective health, favorable subjective financial status, frequent childhood religious service attendance, and a positive relationship with one’s father are associated with higher delayed gratification in adulthood. These associations are fairly culturally consistent and moderately robust to unmeasured confounding, though some country specific deviations from this pattern are also observed. The findings have implications for policy and practice aimed at fostering delayed gratification, considering cultural specificity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Growth following adversity is rare: Evidence from a multi-informant longitudinal study of children and adolescents 逆境后的成长是罕见的：来自儿童和青少年多信息纵向研究的证据
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628
Cavan V. Bonner , Benjamin L. Hankin , Jami F. Young , Brent W. Roberts
{"title":"Growth following adversity is rare: Evidence from a multi-informant longitudinal study of children and adolescents","authors":"Cavan V. Bonner ,&nbsp;Benjamin L. Hankin ,&nbsp;Jami F. Young ,&nbsp;Brent W. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The idea that adversity is necessary for psychological growth pervades cultural narratives and lay theories. We empirically tested this notion with a multi-informant, longitudinal study of children and adolescents (<em>n</em> = 682). Initial adversity was not associated with change in effortful control and emotional stability, while increasing adversity was negatively correlated with growth. However, a small sub-group of individuals still managed to grow despite adversity. The narrative that adversity is crucial for growth likely originated, and continues to survive, because scholars and laypeople focus on this minority who grow despite adversity, while overlooking the overall null or negative association. The accumulated evidence suggests that researchers should look elsewhere for the life experiences that reliably lead to growth and not distress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Three Nonnormative Traits (TNT) and (Dis-)liking in work and nonwork settings 工作和非工作环境中的三种非规范性特征（TNT）和（不）喜欢
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104620
Patrick D. Dunlop , Felix Kerscher , Reinout E. de Vries
{"title":"The Three Nonnormative Traits (TNT) and (Dis-)liking in work and nonwork settings","authors":"Patrick D. Dunlop ,&nbsp;Felix Kerscher ,&nbsp;Reinout E. de Vries","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Past research on the Three Nonnormative Traits (TNT) has shown that high versus low levels of HEXACO honesty-humility, agreeableness, and conscientiousness – but not emotionality, openness to experience, and extraversion – distinguish who we like from who we dislike in free-text descriptions. This study of 297 participants extends this work by comparing descriptions of liked and disliked targets from work settings to those from nonwork settings. We found conscientiousness descriptors strongly distinguished liked from disliked work targets, whereas honesty-humility and agreeableness were relevant to both target types. We also replicated one trait-similarity effect for openness to experience, but only in the nonwork context. Exploratory analyses generally showed only small differences in liking and disliking between different subtypes of targets within the work or nonwork context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuroticism predicts constructive conflict resolution styles in conscientious individuals: evidence from self-reports and observer ratings 神经质预测有责任心的个体建设性的冲突解决方式：来自自我报告和观察者评价的证据
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104625
Frosch Yi Xuan Quek, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto
{"title":"Neuroticism predicts constructive conflict resolution styles in conscientious individuals: evidence from self-reports and observer ratings","authors":"Frosch Yi Xuan Quek,&nbsp;Hwajin Yang,&nbsp;Andree Hartanto","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to resolve conflict is crucial for maintaining healthy relationships and psychological well-being. However, prior research has often overlooked the potential benefits of neuroticism for conflict resolution styles, due to a reliance on self-report measures and the lack of consideration of healthy neuroticism. This study examined the relationship between neuroticism and conflict resolution styles and highlights the pivotal role of conscientiousness and measurement modalities. Employing both self-reports and observer ratings of the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (CRSI), we analyzed data from young adults (N = 259) using structural equation modeling analysis. Self-reports indicated that neuroticism was associated with unconstructive conflict resolution strategies, whereas observer ratings revealed a positive association with constructive strategies. Conscientiousness moderated these relationships differently across measurement modalities, by buffering the negative aspects of neuroticism in self-reports and enhancing its positive aspects in observer ratings. These findings underscore the importance of measurement modalities and conscientiousness in understanding the benefits of neuroticism for conflict resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ink and Identity: Personality perceptions based on tattoos 墨水与身份：基于纹身的个性认知
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629
Brooke Soulliere , William J. Chopik , Alejandro Carrillo , W.Keith Campbell , Brandon Weiss , Joshua D. Miller
{"title":"Ink and Identity: Personality perceptions based on tattoos","authors":"Brooke Soulliere ,&nbsp;William J. Chopik ,&nbsp;Alejandro Carrillo ,&nbsp;W.Keith Campbell ,&nbsp;Brandon Weiss ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People with and without tattoos are often judged differently, but previous research often neglects the <em>type and characteristics of tattoos</em>. We examined these questions in 274 adults (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em> = 24.59, <em>SD</em> = 7.17; 71.2 % women; 77.2 % White) with 375 tattoos who agreed to have their tattoos photographed for the study and completed a battery of personality measures. Although there was consensus about the personalities of people who had a particular tattoo (i.e., judges agreed in their perceptions of people with tattoos), these judgments were largely inaccurate, with a few exceptions. Specifically, judgments of openness to experience (based solely on tattoos) were modestly accurate and attributable to how “wacky” the tattoo was.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sculpting Narcissus: A dyadic perspective on narcissism and buffering effects of perceived ideal self affirmation on relationship commitment 雕塑水仙：自恋和理想自我肯定对关系承诺的缓冲作用的二元视角
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104626
Sandra Gloor , Madoka Kumashiro , Carolyn C. Morf
{"title":"Sculpting Narcissus: A dyadic perspective on narcissism and buffering effects of perceived ideal self affirmation on relationship commitment","authors":"Sandra Gloor ,&nbsp;Madoka Kumashiro ,&nbsp;Carolyn C. Morf","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Narcissistic self-regulation strategies aimed at pursuing a grandiose self can undermine relationship commitment. This study examined whether Michelangelo phenomenon mechanisms, whereby partners facilitate each other’s ideal selves through affirmation processes, can mitigate these potentially detrimental effects. Across three dyadic survey-based studies (<em>Ns</em> = 107, 212, 213 romantic couples), our findings demonstrated that perceiving a partner as affirming or facilitating the movement toward the ideal self buffered otherwise adverse effects of grandiose narcissism on commitment. In contrast, no moderation effects were observed for vulnerable narcissism – highlighting self-regulatory differences between these narcissism manifestations. Altogether, perceiving a partner as ideal-promoting may mitigate commitment by serving the narcissistic self-goal pursuit and hence present one way to foster interdependence without compromising the narcissistic ego.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classify with caution: An illustrative example using mixture models and machine learning 谨慎分类：使用混合模型和机器学习的说明性示例
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602
Marcus A. Harris, D. Betsy McCoach
{"title":"Classify with caution: An illustrative example using mixture models and machine learning","authors":"Marcus A. Harris,&nbsp;D. Betsy McCoach","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study compared latent mixture modeling to machine learning classification algorithms using simulated data to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of alternative classification options for classifying individuals into a relatively low incidence (10%) personality profile. The population model specified that item responses were generated from five latent factors patterned after the Big Five. The simulation varied the number of indicators per factor, factor mean difference, factor variances, and residual item variances to evaluate ten classification techniques, including traditional and Bayesian latent class analysis (LCA), 2 class 90/10 proportion, and factor mixture models, classification trees, conditional inference trees, evolutionary trees, Ward’s hierarchical clustering, K-means, and K-medians techniques. Although classification trees generally outperformed the other techniques, none of the ten techniques resulted in high enough classification accuracy for diagnostic decision making. Classification methods with explanatory and predictive utility may not exhibit adequate diagnostic accuracy for individual decision making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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