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Navigating the network: Comparing modular and non-modular neighborhoods for better pedestrian flow

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105612

Khaled Alawadi, Rim Anabtawi, Raneem Taha

{"title":"Navigating the network: Comparing modular and non-modular neighborhoods for better pedestrian flow","authors":"Khaled Alawadi, Rim Anabtawi, Raneem Taha","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the evolution implications of neighborhood planning, focusing on modular and non-modular Neighborhood Planning Units (NPUs). Modular NPUs, such as those in Abu Dhabi, feature structured patterns that facilitate large-scale growth. Non-modular NPUs, like those in Dubai, have irregular street layouts lacking a clear planning language. This research analyzes 28 samples from 17 neighborhoods to evaluate the effectiveness of these configurations in promoting ordered, direct, and short routes to destinations within a 5- to 15-minute walk. Metrics used include Orientation Order (normalized entropy) and Pedestrian Route Directness (PRD). At 400 m, all neighborhoods had efficient, direct routes. However, at 1200 m, Abu Dhabi's modular neighborhoods provided more direct routes than Dubai's non-modular neighborhoods, which failed the directness test on all networks. While Orientation Order indicates network alignment, it did not correlate with directness at any tested scale; instead. block size and street density were the strongest predictors of route directness. In Abu Dhabi, even fragmented modular layouts achieved high Orientation Order and direct walking routes. Conversely, although some of Dubai's non-modular neighborhoods, had high Orientation Order, they struggled to provide direct walking routes. These results underscore the importance of modulatory and physical design in shaping planning policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How digital infrastructure development affects residents' health: A quasi-natural experiment based on the “Broadband China” strategy

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105611

Qiong Xu , Xin Li , Yu Dong , Fei Guo

{"title":"How digital infrastructure development affects residents' health: A quasi-natural experiment based on the “Broadband China” strategy","authors":"Qiong Xu , Xin Li , Yu Dong , Fei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Health not only concerns human well-being but also affects China's long-term development and social stability. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the “Broadband China” strategy and the data of CFPS from 2010 to 2020, this study examines the underlying mechanism of digital infrastructure development on residents' health, as well as the macro and micro heterogeneity between them. The study finds that digital infrastructure contributes to residents' health. Mechanism tests confirm that increasing residents' income and enhancing medical services are underlying approaches. Digital infrastructure is conducive to the health of middle-aged people and rural residents. In areas with heavy air pollution and the eastern region, the impact of digital infrastructure on residents' health is more prominent. This study breaks through the existing qualitative research on digital technology in the healthcare sector, integrates both micro and macro perspectives, and enriches the empirical evidence in the field of digital health. It also contributes to guiding the in-depth practice of digital health in China, enhancing the digital health management level, thus supporting the realization of “Healthy China” blueprint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105611"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The long-run effect of historical redlining practices on social vulnerability in U.S. cities

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105590

Yujian Lu , Yan Lin , Natasha Howard , Christopher P. Brown , Xi Gong

{"title":"The long-run effect of historical redlining practices on social vulnerability in U.S. cities","authors":"Yujian Lu , Yan Lin , Natasha Howard , Christopher P. Brown , Xi Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Historical redlining practices in the United States date back to the 1930s and have continued to impact cities socially, environmentally, and economically since then. This study explores current social vulnerability inequity among former HOLC (Home Owners' Loan Corporation) neighborhoods with four color-coded grades in 196 U.S. digitized cities. Social vulnerability measurements for each historical HOLC neighborhood were calculated using 2018 census tract-level social vulnerability data through areal apportionment. Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to compare four grades of former HOLC neighborhoods regarding overall social vulnerability index (SVI), four thematic SVIs (Social economic status, Household composition and disability, Minority status and language, and Housing type and transportation), and SVIs for fifteen social vulnerability factors. After applying multiple comparison corrections, the results indicate significant differences among four HOLC grades concerning overall social vulnerability, four themes, and most of social vulnerability factors. In general, grade A (green) neighborhoods exhibit the lowest vulnerability, while grade D (red) neighborhoods have the highest vulnerability. A similar pattern of social vulnerability inequity persists even after adjusting for inter-city differences in baseline social factors using the city-normalized SVI (CSVI). This finding suggests that urban planners and policymakers should work to reduce social vulnerability inequity across neighborhoods of different grades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105590"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges for smart mobility: A study of governance in three European metropolitan areas

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105577

Mari Luz Brownrigg-Gleeson , Iria Lopez-Carreiro , Maria Eugenia Lopez-Lambas , Annika Kunnasvirta

{"title":"Challenges for smart mobility: A study of governance in three European metropolitan areas","authors":"Mari Luz Brownrigg-Gleeson , Iria Lopez-Carreiro , Maria Eugenia Lopez-Lambas , Annika Kunnasvirta","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of urban mobility has undergone significant transformations with the introduction of smart mobility strategies in regions worldwide. These innovations, though promising, can cause unintended consequences impacting urban landscapes and societies, necessitating effective regulations to mitigate negative effects. Within this context, this paper explores the governance challenges that might arise from the implementation of smart mobility in metropolitan areas in relation to the six dimensions of the Smart City: smart governance, smart living, smart environment, smart mobility, smart economy and smart people. To this end, a set of Focus Groups were conducted in three European metropolis: Madrid, Antwerp and Turku. Thematic analysis revealed one new challenge that had not been recognised previously in literature: integration of spatial planning and mobility, related to the smart living dimension. In general, the main challenges are related to smart governance, smart mobility and smart living. A comparison between the cases highlighted common governance challenges in the three metropolitan areas, while issues in the other dimensions varied. Finally, in response to the identified challenges, a set of strategic policy lines were proposed in each metropolitan area to facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable and smarter mobility model that fosters more liveable metropolis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 impacts on residential preferences for parks and green-blue spaces: A case study from Miami-Dade County, Florida

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105628

Han Li , Weiye Xiao , Yao Zhou , Imelda K. Moise

{"title":"COVID-19 impacts on residential preferences for parks and green-blue spaces: A case study from Miami-Dade County, Florida","authors":"Han Li , Weiye Xiao , Yao Zhou , Imelda K. Moise","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the pandemic has enhanced positive perceptions of parks and green-blue spaces, there remains ongoing debate about whether this has translated into increased usage of these areas and a higher valuation of such proximities in the real estate market. Simply desiring more time in parks does not necessarily equate to a readiness to pay more for homes nearby. By analyzing housing transaction data, we investigated changes in residential preferences over a seven-year span, segmented into three phases: pre-pandemic (2015–2019), pandemic (2020−2021), and post-pandemic (2022). We focused particularly on the evolving attitudes toward parks, green-blue spaces, and their associated sports and social amenities during and after the pandemic, linking these shifts to trends in COVID-19 cases. Our findings revealed dynamic changes in homebuyer preferences toward parks, urban greenspaces, and coastal amenities. Notably, there was a decline in the willingness to pay for proximity to parks in 2021 and 2022, whereas the value assigned to homes near natural or designed walking trails significantly rose from 2020 to 2022. Coastal and beachfront properties continued to positively impact housing prices, a trend that the pandemic appears to have reinforced. These changes in preferences also showed significant geographical diversity, suggesting that the pandemic's influence on residential preferences is closely tied to local culture and urban landscapes. Our study suggests that while the pandemic may temporarily alter preferences not deeply rooted in a city's culture, only those preferences that are intrinsic to a locality are likely to persist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105628"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The connections of Russian cities hosting nuclear power stations 俄罗斯核电站所在城市的联系

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105614

Valeriy V. Yumaguzin, Maria V. Vinnik

引用次数: 0

Two relocation strategies: Preserving erstwhile neighbourhood relationships in Shenzhen 两种搬迁策略：在深圳保留昔日的邻里关系

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105610

Xinrui Gao, Jennifer Day, Sun Sheng Han

{"title":"Two relocation strategies: Preserving erstwhile neighbourhood relationships in Shenzhen","authors":"Xinrui Gao, Jennifer Day, Sun Sheng Han","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Relocation, both within China and other countries, typically results in a decline in neighbourhood relationships, especially for people who do not move willingly. For migrants, preserving neighbourhood relationships is particularly important as they often rely on these connections as their fitting-in strategy within cities. However, little empirical research has unravelled how migrants navigate relocation under massive urban redevelopment contexts and preserve pre-existing neighbourhood relationships. This paper examines to what extent and in what ways relocation willingness influences pre-existing neighbourhood relationships by applying multiple mediation effect models to a questionnaire survey dataset collected in 2022–2023. The results reveal that migrants who are more willing to relocate tend to stay in touch with former neighbours post-relocation. Additionally, relocation strategies (i.e., moving with former neighbours and short-distance moving) are important pathways through which relocation willingness can have positive effects on preserving pre-existing neighbourhood relationships. Interview data further indicates that employing relocation strategies not only aids in preserving pre-existing neighbourhood relationships but also in establishing new ones in destination neighbourhoods. The results suggest that extended eviction notice periods and phased redevelopment approaches could provide migrants with the opportunity to implement relocation strategies mitigating adverse impacts of relocation and better adapt to new neighbourhoods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The 15-minute community life circle for older people: Walkability measurement based on service accessibility and street-level built environment – A case study of Suzhou, China 老年人 15 分钟社区生活圈：基于服务可达性和街道建筑环境的步行可达性测量--中国苏州案例研究

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105587

Zhonghui Jiang , Chunliang Wu , Hyungchul Chung

{"title":"The 15-minute community life circle for older people: Walkability measurement based on service accessibility and street-level built environment – A case study of Suzhou, China","authors":"Zhonghui Jiang , Chunliang Wu , Hyungchul Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 15-minute community life circle (15-min CLC) concept focuses on providing accessible services for older adults within a short walking distance. However, few studies have developed a comprehensive evaluation system of 15-min CLC walking accessibility for older people, and little is known about the effects of street-level environment characteristics and human perception on 15-min CLC. This study used the Baidu API and an optimized cumulative opportunity method to measure the 5-, 10-, and 15-min CLC walkability for older adults in Suzhou, China. Street-level characteristics and human perception scores, derived from street view semantic segmentation and deep learning, were incorporated into regression models to assess global and local effects on walkability. The results revealed that there was a significant spatial heterogeneity of CLC walkability in Suzhou. The 5- and 10-min CLCs were found lacking in facilities, particularly senior care services. The regression model showed a positive association between perceived safety and CLC walkability, while the proportion of street vegetation negatively affected walkability. The study suggests enhancing senior care, medical, and leisure facilities, especially within 10-min CLCs. Improving service integration in county-level cities and suburbs, and increasing street vegetation in older urban areas, could further enhance the walking environment for older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105587"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deprioritising cars beyond rerouting: Future research directions of the Barcelona Superblock 除改变路线外取消汽车优先权：巴塞罗那超级街区的未来研究方向

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105609

Sven Eggimann

{"title":"Deprioritising cars beyond rerouting: Future research directions of the Barcelona Superblock","authors":"Sven Eggimann","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Barcelona Superblock is an urban transformation strategy that has gained considerable momentum in the last few years and holds the promise to transform neighbourhoods and cities to be more liveable and sustainable by deprioritising cars. The implementation of Superblocks in different geographies reveals a flexible conceptual interpretation and adaptation. Here, a combination of mobility, street transformation, and ancillary measures is proposed to form the core of successful Superblock implementation. A critical perspective reveals challenges and research needs for a future research agenda along five domains: to quantify sustainability impacts, to perform integrated analysis, to determine optimal locations for implementation, to explore costs and to establish ways for their rapid realisation. Research along these domains is put forward to inform and guide the transformation of public street space to tackle liveability, urbanisation, climate adaptation and climate mitigation. The Superblock is an urban design concept that seeks to bring about a sustainability transition not only in re-arranging routes for cars but also in assigning space to alternative uses. For successful transfer policy transfer, increased evidence-based quantification of positive sustainability impacts and pursuing an integrative agenda that justifies Superblock location choices are argued for, including establishing specific street designs to achieve multiple sustainability impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105609"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Twitter to understand spatial-temporal changes in urban green space topics based on structural topic modelling 基于结构主题建模，利用 Twitter 了解城市绿地主题的时空变化

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105601

Nan Cui , Nick Malleson , Vikki Houlden , Yingwei Yan , Alexis Comber

{"title":"Using Twitter to understand spatial-temporal changes in urban green space topics based on structural topic modelling","authors":"Nan Cui , Nick Malleson , Vikki Houlden , Yingwei Yan , Alexis Comber","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social media data offers urban planners insights into human activities in urban green spaces (UGSs). While recent methods like text-based word frequency analysis provide new perspectives on UGS, they are often lack stationary and non-continuous in nature. This limits their ability to capture the complexity and diversity of UGS use. This study conducts a structural topic model (STM) analysis of geo-referenced Tweets posted in London to investigate the dynamics of UGS-related topics before-, during- and after the COVID-19 outbreaks. Additionally, an approach of inverse distance weighting (IDW) was used to investigate the spatial patterns of topics probabilities. The results found that there were seven main topics categories expressed in UGS over study periods. Specifically, the increasing trends in topics proportions were found for the topics <em>Nature engagement</em> and <em>Dog walking</em>, indicating that these activities became increasingly popular during the pandemic. However, the topic <em>Social events</em> showed a decline in topic proportion, which might be the results of restriction measures such as practicing social distance. This study further discussed the potential factors that affecting the dynamics of these topics in spatial and temporal patterns. The results can potentially support future UGS planning and management especially during a time of crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 105601"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0