Memory & Cognition最新文献_第8页

The role of anchoring information in judgments of learning. 锚定信息在学习判断中的作用。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01670-0

Kenji Ikeda, Yosuke Hattori, Yuichi Ito, Yuki Hamamoto

{"title":"The role of anchoring information in judgments of learning.","authors":"Kenji Ikeda, Yosuke Hattori, Yuichi Ito, Yuki Hamamoto","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01670-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01670-0","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined informative and uninformative anchoring effects on judgments of learning (JOLs), focusing on two hypotheses: the optimistic/pessimistic and differential-scaling hypotheses. The optimistic/pessimistic hypothesis states that anchoring information changes subjective confidence in memory, whereas the differential-scaling hypothesis states that anchoring information elicits a scaling bias in the conversion process of subjective internal confidence into scale JOLs (i.e., 0-100% responses). Experiment 1 focused on binary JOLs (i.e., Yes/No predictions). The results confirmed that the informative anchoring effect occurred (i.e., binary JOLs in the high anchor condition were higher than those in the low anchor condition), whereas the uninformative anchoring effect did not. Experiment 2 evaluated whether the difference in response scales between anchoring information and JOLs elicited the anchoring effect, demonstrating that the informative anchoring effect occurred when different response scales were used for the anchoring information (i.e., the number of words correctly recalled) and JOLs (i.e., 0-100% scale), and the uninformative anchoring effect did not. Experiment 3 examined whether the uninformative anchoring effect can be explained by numeric priming rather than scaling bias, demonstrating that anchoring information unrelated to test performance using a 0-100% scale did not elicit the uninformative anchoring effect. These findings suggest that the informative anchoring effect supports the optimistic/pessimistic hypothesis, whereas the uninformative anchoring effect supports the differential-scaling hypothesis. Thus, the nature of anchoring information affects the process of forming JOLs. Specifically, the uninformative anchor elicits only scaling bias, whereas the informative anchor changes subjective confidence in memory.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1571-1591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How does it end? Endpoints of boundaries lead to completion in macro-events. 如何结束？边界的终点导致宏观事件的完成。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01657-x

Ayşe Candan Şimşek, Tolgahan Aydın, Markus Huff

{"title":"How does it end? Endpoints of boundaries lead to completion in macro-events.","authors":"Ayşe Candan Şimşek, Tolgahan Aydın, Markus Huff","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01657-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01657-x","url":null,"abstract":"While watching someone kicking a ball, missing moments of ball contact can be incorrectly identified as seen if the event is continued in a causal manner (i.e., the ball flying off). Does event completion also occur for events of a larger scale such as having breakfast (macro-event), which consists of multiple sub-steps like toasting bread (micro-event)? We conducted two experiments to measure event completion in macro-events presenting portions of multiple micro-events. In Experiment 1, video summaries were formed with or without event boundary information where a macro-end was either present or absent. Macro-end signified an overarching goal achievement that signaled the completion of previous tasks (such as leaving the kitchen with a full breakfast plate). More completion occurred for summaries with event boundary information and macro-ends. In Experiment 2, we tested two alternative hypotheses to explore the underlying process by showing the beginnings or ends of a micro-event. While the predictive processing hypothesis suggests that event completion is based more on predicting the future states of the event based on beginning information, the backward inferences hypothesis suggests that event completion relies more on deductions formed after the fact based on event endings. Results of Experiment 2 suggest that the ends of event boundaries lead to more event completion, possibly due to their role in forming causal connectivity. These results help to further understand event completion on a macro level.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1380-1395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subliminal priming modulates motor sequence learning. 潜意识引物调节运动序列学习

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01668-8

Michael William Simpson, Jing Wu, Zheng Ye

{"title":"Subliminal priming modulates motor sequence learning.","authors":"Michael William Simpson, Jing Wu, Zheng Ye","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01668-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01668-8","url":null,"abstract":"Sequential behaviour is underpinned by the selection and inhibition of movement at appropriate points in space and time. Sequences embedded among movement patterns must be learnt, yet the contribution of response selection and inhibition to the acquisition of motor sequences remains poorly understood. We addressed this issue by overlaying the serial reaction time task (SRTT) with subliminal masked primes that differentially weighed response tendencies. In Experiment 1, twenty-four healthy young adults, and in Experiment 2, thirty-six participants, performed the SRTT with congruent (same position), incongruent (different position), or neutral (no prime) subliminal masked primes. Each condition featured an embedded eight-digit (Experiment 1) or ten-digit (Experiment 2) second-order sequence, with conditions presented in counterbalanced order during a single session. Sequence specific learning was observed under neutral and congruent prime conditions. Independent of sequence awareness, congruent primes reduced initial response latency and led to greater sequence specific learning compared with neutral primes. However, incongruent primes appeared to attenuate learning (Experiment 1). These results demonstrate that prime congruency modulates sequence specific learning below the threshold of conscious awareness. Congruent primes may elevate the salience of stimulus-response compounds and accentuate learning, but at the cost of increased awareness. Incongruent primes, and the induction of response conflict, attenuate sequence specific learning (Experiment 1) and may prevent the formation of cross-temporal contingencies necessary for implicit motor sequence learning.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1539-1550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How note-taking and note-using affects the benefit of interleaving over blocking. 记笔记和使用笔记是如何影响交错的好处的。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01751-8

Jeri L Little, Josephine C M Fealy, Koki Kobayashi, Sarah Roth

{"title":"How note-taking and note-using affects the benefit of interleaving over blocking.","authors":"Jeri L Little, Josephine C M Fealy, Koki Kobayashi, Sarah Roth","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01751-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01751-8","url":null,"abstract":"Interleaving items from different categories is often better for learning than blocking items by category, but research on the interleaving effect has neglected situations in which people can take notes. In addition to the practical reasons for examining note-taking, notes also provide insight into participants' thought processes during learning. In two experiments, participants studied paintings by different artists, with paintings by half of those artists blocked by artist and paintings by the other half interleaved with paintings by other artists. We manipulated whether participants took notes. Then, participants classified new paintings by the studied artists (in Experiment 1, all note-takers used their notes on the test; in Experiment 2, half of the note-takers used their notes on the test and half did not). Across both experiments, we found an interaction between sequence and note-taking conditions. In the no-notes condition, interleaving was more effective than blocking for classifying new paintings. However, this benefit was significantly reduced when participants took notes but could not use them on the test and eliminated when they could take notes and use them on the test. Additionally, participants' notes tended to contain object and style characteristics, and the presence of critical style characteristics in participants' notes predicted their performance. This research sheds light on thought processes in category learning and may have implications for educational contexts.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid source forgetting across modalities: A problem for working memory models. 跨模态的快速源遗忘：工作记忆模型的一个问题。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01664-y

Molly A Delooze, Dominic Guitard, Nelson Cowan, Candice C Morey

{"title":"Rapid source forgetting across modalities: A problem for working memory models.","authors":"Molly A Delooze, Dominic Guitard, Nelson Cowan, Candice C Morey","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01664-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01664-y","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory is a cognitive system that enables the temporary retention (usually a few seconds) of a limited amount of information. However, recent evidence has posed challenges to the conventional understanding of working memory's persistence. Chen et al. (Psychological Science, 29(4), 645-655, 2018) demonstrated that participants can easily make judgments using a stimulus's identity but cannot recall from which source the information came (presented either as a written word or a color patch) just milliseconds earlier. This \"Source Amnesia\" carries substantial implications for working memory models but has yet to be explored within the realm of verbal information. We fill this gap by investigating the robustness and generalizability of this rapid forgetting phenomenon. We first replicate the observed effect within the visual domain (Experiment 1) and subsequently extend it to the verbal domain (Experiment 2). Finally, we test the idea that participants may instead encode a positional context (Experiment 3), in line with the Interference model (Oberauer & Lin, Psychological Review, 124(1), 21, 2017). Aligning with the work of Chen et al. (Psychological Science, 29(4), 645-655, 2018), our results consistently reveal a pronounced tendency for rapid forgetting, for both visual and verbal information regardless of whether the information is elicited for recall by format or position cues. The theoretical implications of these findings for current memory models are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1481-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous associative thought may facilitate scene-gist memory via implicit scene-labeling. 自发联想思维可能通过内隐情景标签促进情景要点记忆。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01672-y

Shira Baror, Elissa Aminoff, Yoed N Kenett

{"title":"Spontaneous associative thought may facilitate scene-gist memory via implicit scene-labeling.","authors":"Shira Baror, Elissa Aminoff, Yoed N Kenett","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01672-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01672-y","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous associative processes (e.g., mind wandering, spontaneous memory recollection) are prevalent in everyday life, yet their influence on perceptual scene memory is under debate. Given that scene perception involves extraction of contextual associations, we hypothesized that associative thought would enhance scene memory by promoting encoding of contextual associations. In an online experiment (N = 75), participants viewed scenes, and following each scene either generated chained-free associations (associative processing), or, as control, listed words that begin with a specific letter (phonological processing). Scene memory was tested after an intermediate creativity task, which is also shown to rely on associative processes. Results revealed that associative thought, regardless of its conceptual (semantic) distances between responses, enhanced scene-gist memory, but hampered memory of scene details, implying that associative thought facilitates contextual encoding. In a follow-up experiment (N = 74), we found that the effect of associative thought on scene-gist memory was mediated by scene labeling. When participants were asked to explicitly label the scene before completing an associative processing or a phonological processing task, scene-gist memory was prioritized at the expense of scene details, eliminating the memory differences between tasks. These findings imply that labeling past perceived scenes, whether explicitly or implicitly during associative thought, facilitates scene-gist memory. Lastly, in both experiments, creativity was not correlated with scene memory but was positively correlated with the semantic distances between scene-based associations, extending past findings that link creativity with the breadth of associative processes. Together, these findings highlight the likely effect of post-perceptual associative processes on higher-order cognitive functions, such as memory consolidation and creative thought.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1608-1621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The list-wide proportion congruency effect is larger when the distractor precedes the target: Evidence for conflict-independent control in the prime-probe task. 当分心者先于目标者时，全列表比例一致性效应更大：启动-探测任务中冲突无关控制的证据。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01669-7

Daniel H Weissman, Chloe E Saba

{"title":"The list-wide proportion congruency effect is larger when the distractor precedes the target: Evidence for conflict-independent control in the prime-probe task.","authors":"Daniel H Weissman, Chloe E Saba","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01669-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01669-7","url":null,"abstract":"Stroop-like interference effects are smaller in blocks of mostly incongruent (MI) trials than in blocks of mostly congruent (MC) trials. It is unclear, though, how control processes trigger this list-wide proportion congruency effect (LWPCE). The attentional shift account posits that a memory of experiencing conflict more frequently in MI blocks than in MC blocks leads control processes to shift attention toward the target in MI blocks. The response modulation account posits that a memory of block-wide congruency statistics (e.g., mostly incongruent) leads control processes to form expectations about upcoming trial congruency independent of conflict and modulate distractor-related response activation to prepare an expected congruent response (in MC blocks) or incongruent response (in MI blocks) to the target. This modulation occurs, however, only if the system translates the distractor into a response before the target. We conducted two experiments with the prime-probe task (N = 120) to investigate the response modulation account's prediction that giving the distractor a \"head start\" in stimulus-response translation increases the LWPCE independent of conflict. Confirming this prediction, the LWPCE was larger when the distractor appeared before - versus simultaneously with - the target, even though the overall congruency (i.e., conflict) effect was equivalent in these conditions (Experiment 1) or smaller when the distractor appeared before the target (Experiment 2). We also observed a negative congruency effect in the MI blocks of Experiment 2, which is inconsistent with a shift of attention toward the target. We conclude that a modulation of response activation contributes to the LWPCE.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1551-1570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crossmodal semantic congruence and rarity improve episodic memory. 跨模态语义一致性和稀有性改善情景记忆。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01659-9

Pau Alexander Packard, Salvador Soto-Faraco

{"title":"Crossmodal semantic congruence and rarity improve episodic memory.","authors":"Pau Alexander Packard, Salvador Soto-Faraco","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01659-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01659-9","url":null,"abstract":"Semantic congruence across sensory modalities at encoding of information has been shown to improve memory performance over a short time span. However, the beneficial effect of crossmodal congruence is less well established when it comes to episodic memories over longer retention periods. This gap in knowledge is particularly wide for cross-modal semantic congruence under incidental encoding conditions, a process that is especially relevant in everyday life. Here, we present the results of a series of four experiments (total N = 232) using the dual-process signal detection model to examine crossmodal semantic effects on recollection and familiarity. In Experiment 1, we established the beneficial effects of crossmodal semantics in younger adults: hearing congruent compared with incongruent object sounds during the incidental encoding of object images increased recollection and familiarity after 48 h. In Experiment 2 we reproduced and extended the finding to a sample of older participants (50-65 years old): older people displayed a commensurable crossmodal congruence effect, despite a selective decline in recollection compared with younger adults. In Experiment 3, we showed that crossmodal facilitation is resilient to large imbalances between the frequency of congruent versus incongruent events (from 10 to 90%): Albeit rare events are more memorable than frequent ones overall, the impact of this rarity effect on the crossmodal benefit was small, and only affected familiarity. Collectively, these findings reveal a robust crossmodal semantic congruence effect for incidentally encoded visual stimuli over a long retention span, bearing the hallmarks of episodic memory enhancement.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1396-1418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of real signs but not pseudosigns affected by age of acquisition in American Sign Language. 美国手语习得年龄对真实手势而非虚假手势产生的影响。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01656-y

Shai Lynne Nielson, Rachel I Mayberry

{"title":"Production of real signs but not pseudosigns affected by age of acquisition in American Sign Language.","authors":"Shai Lynne Nielson, Rachel I Mayberry","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01656-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01656-y","url":null,"abstract":"Research shows that insufficient language access in early childhood significantly affects language processing. While the majority of this work focuses on syntax, phonology also appears to be affected, though it is unclear exactly how. Here we investigated phonological production across age of acquisition of American Sign Language (ASL). Participants were deaf adult signers who first learned ASL at ages ranging from birth to 14 years and they performed both lexical decisions and repetitions of ASL signs and pseudosigns. Because phonological production has been understudied across age of acquisition, we were particularly interested in production accuracy for the sublexical phonological parameters of handshape, movement, and location. Lexical decision responses were slower and more accurate for impossible pseudosigns compared with possible pseudosigns, indicating participants were sensitive to ASL phonological structure regardless of age of acquisition. Despite this, age of acquisition affected repetition accuracy. Handshape errors were highest for those with earlier ages of acquisition, but movement errors were highest for those with later ages of acquisition, though this effect of age of acquisition was only seen for real ASL signs and not pseudosigns. The parameter error pattern for pseudosigns was not affected by age of acquisition. These results indicate that later age of acquisition does not inhibit the ability to produce ASL phonology but ultimately alters the processing of the phonological parameters when meaning and phonology are integrated.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1356-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnitude-space representations in the n-back task: Long-term representations of magnitudes alter the working memory performance. n-back任务中的量空间表征：量的长期表征改变了工作记忆的表现。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01667-9

Ilgım Hepdarcan, Hakan Çetinkaya, Seda Dural

{"title":"Magnitude-space representations in the n-back task: Long-term representations of magnitudes alter the working memory performance.","authors":"Ilgım Hepdarcan, Hakan Çetinkaya, Seda Dural","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01667-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01667-9","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has predominantly examined the role of working memory (WM) in tasks involving numerical information and spatial properties, such as memorizing number sequences and performing parity judgment and magnitude comparison. In contrast to focusing solely on the effect of WM on number judgment tasks, our study investigates how magnitude-space associations affect WM task performance, emphasizing long-term representations, specifically the concept of mental number line (MNL) compatibility (small items on the left, large items on the right) in long-term memory (LTM). Moving from the idea of representations within LTM contribute to the functioning of WM during task execution, we explore the effects of congruent, incongruent, and negative congruent numerical and non-numerical magnitude-space associations on magnitude-based 1-back (low WM load) and 2-back (high WM load) tasks. MNL compatible n-back and test items are congruent, MNL compatible n-back and MNL incompatible (small on the right, large on the left) test items (or vice versa) are incongruent, and MNL incompatible n-back and test items are considered negative congruent. Because negative congruent and incongruent representations may not activate existing representations in LTM, as congruent representations, we expected worse WM performance in negative congruent and incongruent trials than in congruent trials. Results reveal that congruent and incongruent representations elicit more accurate and rapid responses than negative congruents, suggesting that congruent and incongruent representations contribute to task execution. Additionally, we observe a size effect for small numerical magnitudes and a reverse size effect for large physical magnitudes, pointing towards the coactivation of LTM and WM in magnitude-space relations.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1523-1538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0