Memory & Cognition最新文献_第9页

Short- and long-term influences of repeated speech examples on segmentation in an unfamiliar language analog. 重复语音示例对陌生语言模拟分段的短期和长期影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01517-8

Neyla Sfeir, Dominic Guitard, Nelson Cowan

{"title":"Short- and long-term influences of repeated speech examples on segmentation in an unfamiliar language analog.","authors":"Neyla Sfeir, Dominic Guitard, Nelson Cowan","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01517-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01517-8","url":null,"abstract":"Because segments in fluent speech (e.g., words and phrases) are not reliably separated by pauses, a key task when listening to an unfamiliar language is to parse the incoming speech into segments to be learned. We aim to understand how working memory contributes to that segmentation learning. One cue to segmentation occurs when a segment is repeated in varying contexts. Cowan (Acta Psychologica, 77(2), 121-135, 1991) explored a language analog to study how segmentation occurs during immediate memory of speech, and found effects of segment presentation frequency, stimulus length, and serial position. Here we ask whether those effects extend from working memory to long-term memory. Overlapping segments were presented (e.g., mah bar slo mi and slo mi geh), varying numbers of times (presentation frequencies) to determine how varying the schedule of repetition patterns would affect perception of a unified test pattern formed from the two of them (e.g., mah bar slo mi geh). These constructions provide an analogy to how segments occur in varying contexts in speech. Participants were to indicate where they heard the boundaries between syllables. In immediate memory, the perceived boundaries more often reflected the most frequently presented pattern, and often reflected both pattern boundaries (in this example, mah bar / slo mi / geh). In a long-term memory follow-up, however, the original presentation frequencies only mattered for certain short test pattern configurations. We suggest that working memory for speech, without a semantic component, may be an incomplete basis to learn longer segments in an unfamiliar language.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1941-1957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The visual familiarity effect on attentional working memory maintenance. 视觉熟悉度对注意力工作记忆维持的影响

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01548-1

Philippe Schneider, Evie Vergauwe, Valérie Camos

{"title":"The visual familiarity effect on attentional working memory maintenance.","authors":"Philippe Schneider, Evie Vergauwe, Valérie Camos","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01548-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01548-1","url":null,"abstract":"Attentional refreshing has been described as an attention-based, domain-general maintenance mechanism in working memory. It is thought to operate via focusing executive attention on information held in working memory, protecting it from temporal decay and interference. Although attentional refreshing has attracted a lot of research, its functioning is still debated. At least one conception of refreshing supposes that it relies on semantic long-term memory representations to reconstruct working memory traces. Although investigations in the verbal domain found evidence against this hypothesis, a different pattern could emerge in visuospatial working memory in which absence of refreshing evidence has been observed for stimuli with minimal associated long-term knowledge. In a series of four experiments, the current study investigated the hypothesis of an involvement of semantic long-term representations in the functioning of attentional refreshing in the visuospatial domain. Both cognitive and memory load effects have been proposed as indexes of attentional refreshing. Therefore, we investigated the interaction between the effects of visual familiarity (a long-term memory effect) and cognitive load on recall performance (Experiments 1A and 1B), as well as the interaction between the effects of visual familiarity and memory load on the response times in a concurrent processing task (Experiments 2A and 2B). Results were consistent across experiments and go against the hypothesis of the involvement of semantic long-term memory in the functioning of attentional refreshing in visuospatial working memory. As such, this study corroborates the results found in the verbal domain. Implications for attentional refreshing and working memory are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1882-1899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial-positional associations in short-term memory can vanish in long-term memory. 短时记忆中的空间位置关联会在长时记忆中消失。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01577-w

Morgane Ftaïta, Alessandro Guida, Michaël Fartoukh, Fabien Mathy

{"title":"Spatial-positional associations in short-term memory can vanish in long-term memory.","authors":"Morgane Ftaïta, Alessandro Guida, Michaël Fartoukh, Fabien Mathy","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01577-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01577-w","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the SPoARC effect have shown that serial information is spatially processed in working memory. However, it remains unknown whether these spatial-positional associations are durable or only temporary. This study aimed at investigating whether spatialization would persist when a sequence presented repeatedly is expected to be chunked. If chunked, the items could be unified spatially and their spatialization could vanish. Thirty-seven participants performed a spatialization task which was remotely inspired by the Hebb repetition paradigm. A sequence of four stimuli presented individually in the middle of a computer screen was repeated throughout the task. After each sequence, participants had to decide whether a probe belonged to the series using two lateralized response keys. The results showed no spatialization for these repetitive sequences, on average. Moreover, further analysis revealed that the effect was detectable at the beginning of the task, suggesting that the more the sequence was repeated, the less participants spatialized information from left to right. These findings show that associations created in working memory between items and space can vanish in repeated sequences: we discuss the idea that working memory progressively saves on spatialization once a sequence is chunked in long-term memory.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2073-2091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Connecting working and long-term memory: Bayesian-hierarchical multinomial model-based analyses reveal storage next to retrieval differences. 连接工作记忆和长时记忆：基于贝叶斯层次多项式模型的分析揭示了存储与检索之间的差异。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01627-3

Carolin Streitberger, Beatrice G Kuhlmann, Matt E Meier, Nina R Arnold

{"title":"Connecting working and long-term memory: Bayesian-hierarchical multinomial model-based analyses reveal storage next to retrieval differences.","authors":"Carolin Streitberger, Beatrice G Kuhlmann, Matt E Meier, Nina R Arnold","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01627-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01627-3","url":null,"abstract":"Individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) are correlated with long-term memory (LTM) differences. Whether this is because high-WMC individuals encode more effectively, resulting in better LTM storage, or because they better retrieve information from LTM is debated. In two experiments, we used Bayesian-hierarchical multinomial modeling to correlate participant-level storage and retrieval processes from LTM recall to WMC abilities estimated from operation and symmetry complex span tasks. In Experiment 1, we presented participants with 20 consecutive words, including semantically associated pairs (e.g., knife and fork), to assess LTM processes. Participants received standard (n = 242) or associative-storage instructions (n = 222) and then completed a free recall task. In Experiment 2, we instructed participants (N = 239) to memorize 40 cue-target words as pairs before completing free and cued recall tasks. Correlations with WMC emerged with storage and retrieval processes and only when an associative storage strategy was instructed (Experiment 1). When associative processing was inherent to the task (Experiment 2), only the associative storage, not the retrieval advantage, replicated. The strategy reports suggest that high-WMC individuals use associative encoding strategies more effectively, resulting in better storage in LTM.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1915-1927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of posttransfer feedback informativeness in a transitive inference task. 传递推理任务中传递后反馈信息的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01654-0

Yarden Joy, Tina Kao, Greg Jensen

引用次数: 0

The power of one: A single flanker produces compatibility effects in the episodic flanker task. 一个人的力量单个侧位词在偶发侧位词任务中产生相容效应

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01653-1

Gordon D Logan, Dakota R B Lindsey, Jana E Ulrich

{"title":"The power of one: A single flanker produces compatibility effects in the episodic flanker task.","authors":"Gordon D Logan, Dakota R B Lindsey, Jana E Ulrich","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01653-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01653-1","url":null,"abstract":"The episodic flanker task is an episodic version of the Eriksen and Eriksen (Perception & Psychophysics, 16 (1), 143-149, 1974) perceptual flanker task, showing the same compatibility and distance effects. Subjects are presented with a list followed by a probe display in which one item is cued. The task, to indicate whether the probed letter appeared in the same position in the memory list, requires focusing attention on a single item in memory. The probe display contains flanking items to be ignored. They are same as the memory list or different. Same flankers are compatible with \"yes\" responses and incompatible with \"no\" responses. Different flankers are incompatible with \"yes\" responses and compatible with \"no\" responses. Previously, we presented multiple flankers in the probe, allowing a global matching strategy. Here, we report two episodic flanker experiments with just one flanker in the probe to encourage focusing sharply on the target. We found flanker compatibility effects in both experiments when a single flanker appeared immediately adjacent to the target. Experiment 2 varied the distance between the flanker and the target in the probe and the memory list and found the compatibility effect in response time only when the flanker was immediately adjacent to the target in both the probe and the memory list. The effect in accuracy also appeared when the flanker was two positions away in both the probe and the memory list. These results show that attention is focused sharply on elements of a memory structure during retrieval, suggesting that memory retrieval is perceptual attention turned inward.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not all objects are created equal: The object benefit in visual working memory is supported by greater recollection-like memory, but only for memorable objects. 并非所有物体都是一样的：在视觉工作记忆中，物体的益处可以通过更强的类似回忆的记忆得到支持，但这只适用于难忘的物体。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01655-z

Rosa E Torres, Mallory S Duprey, Karen L Campbell, Stephen M Emrich

{"title":"Not all objects are created equal: The object benefit in visual working memory is supported by greater recollection-like memory, but only for memorable objects.","authors":"Rosa E Torres, Mallory S Duprey, Karen L Campbell, Stephen M Emrich","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01655-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01655-z","url":null,"abstract":"Visual working memory is thought to have a fixed capacity limit. However, recent evidence suggests that a greater number of real-world objects than simple features (i.e., colors) can be maintained, an effect termed the object benefit. Here, we examined whether this object benefit in visual working memory is due to qualitatively different memory processes employed for meaningful stimuli compared to simple features. In online samples of young adults, real-world objects were better remembered than colors, had higher measures of recollection, and showed a greater proportion of high-confidence responses (Exp. 1). Objects were also remembered better than their scrambled counterparts (Exp. 2), suggesting that this benefit is related to semantic information, rather than visual complexity. Critically, the specific objects that were likely to be remembered with high confidence were highly correlated across experiments, consistent with the idea that some objects are more memorable than others. Visual working memory performance for the least-memorable objects was worse than that of colors and scrambled objects. These findings suggest that real-world objects give rise to recollective, or at least high-confidence, responses at retrieval that may depend on activation of semantic features, but that this effect is limited to certain objects.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling collaborative memory with SAM. 用 SAM 建立协作记忆模型

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01647-z

Willa M Mannering, Suparna Rajaram, Richard M Shiffrin, Michael N Jones

{"title":"Modeling collaborative memory with SAM.","authors":"Willa M Mannering, Suparna Rajaram, Richard M Shiffrin, Michael N Jones","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01647-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01647-z","url":null,"abstract":"While humans often encode and retrieve memories in groups, the bulk of our knowledge of human memory comes from paradigms with individuals in isolation. The primary phenomenon of interest within the relatively new field of collaborative memory is collaborative inhibition: the tendency for collaborative groups to underperform in free recall tasks compared with noncollaborative groups of the same size. This effect has been found in a variety of materials and group compositions. However, most research in this field is led by verbal conceptual theories without guidance from formal computational models. We present a framework to scale the Search of Associative Memory model (SAM) to collaborative free recall paradigms with multiple models working together. Multiple SAM models recalling together naturally produce collaborative inhibition when the group members use recalls by the group as cues to retrieve from memory, strongly supporting the \"retrieval disruption\" hypothesis. This work shows that SAM can act as a unified theory to explain both individual and collaborative memory effects and offers a framework for future predictions of scaling to increased group sizes, shared knowledge, and factors facilitating the spread of false memories in groups.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering change: Interdependence between change awareness and meaningful connection in achieving proactive facilitation. 记住变化：变革意识和有意义的联系在实现积极主动促进方面的相互依存关系。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01651-3

Paula T Hertel, Christopher N Wahlheim, Grant M Kramer, Faith L Padgett

引用次数: 0

Non-sentential responses to requests for information. 对索取信息的要求作出非全权答复。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01645-1

Catherine M Brousse, Katherine Chia, Michael P Kaschak

引用次数: 0