Memory & Cognition最新文献

Decoding the implausible: Mandarin sentence interpretation through the noisy channel model. 解码难以置信：通过噪声通道模型的普通话句子解释。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01774-1

Ruihua Mao, Sihan Chen, Edward Gibson

{"title":"Decoding the implausible: Mandarin sentence interpretation through the noisy channel model.","authors":"Ruihua Mao, Sihan Chen, Edward Gibson","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01774-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01774-1","url":null,"abstract":"The noisy channel language comprehension proposal posits that comprehenders detect and correct errors when interpreting sentences. This study replicates and extends Zhan et al. (2023), testing the model in Mandarin Chinese with three syntactic alternations: (1) Active-Passive-BA sentences, (2) Double Object (DO)-Initial position Prepositional Object (PO)-Final position PO sentences, and (3) Transitive-Initial position Adverbial Intransitive-Final position Adverbial Intransitive sentences. In each alternation, the first two structures were adopted from Zhan et al. (2023), while the third was introduced in this study. These alternations require different numbers and types of edits to transform implausible sentences into plausible ones. Participants read test items and answer corresponding comprehension questions, which indicate whether they interpret the item literally. The results aligned with Zhan et al. (2023)'s findings, indicating that Mandarin participants were most likely to make inferences for implausible sentences resulting from deleting or inserting a single morpheme, followed by those formed by a noun phrase exchange across a function word, and least likely to make inferences for implausible sentences obtained through a noun phrase exchange across a main verb. The inclusion of novel structures reinforces the robustness of the noisy-channel framework and highlights how language-specific properties influence language comprehension.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Syntactic knowledge does support working memory for serial order: A comparison across French and German languages. 更正：语法知识确实支持连续顺序的工作记忆：法语和德语的比较。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01802-0

Hong Xiao, Judith Schweppe, Pauline Querella, Lucie Attout, Friederike Contier, Steve Majerus

引用次数: 0

Preview position versus length: Key factors in the time course of parallel processing in multitasking. 预览位置与长度：多任务并行处理时间过程的关键因素。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01780-3

Jovita Brüning

{"title":"Preview position versus length: Key factors in the time course of parallel processing in multitasking.","authors":"Jovita Brüning","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01780-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01780-3","url":null,"abstract":"Multitasking research has shown that individuals differ in whether they prefer a more serial or a more parallel mode of task processing at the level of whole tasks. Such preferences can be identified using the task switching with preview (TSWP) paradigm. This paradigm allows, but does not require, individuals to preview the stimulus of the next task switch in a predictable task switching procedure [AAABBB...]. Although several studies have shown that some participants consistently use the preview information, it is still unclear when exactly this information is used and, thus, how parallel processing takes place. The present study is an important step in clarifying this issue. In two experiments, I investigated when exactly individuals who prefer parallel processing during task switching use a preview to prepare for the next task switch. In Experiment 1, the onset and thus the length of the preview was varied within participants. This allowed to disentangle whether parallel processing of the preview depends on the length of the preview (i.e., its likelihood increases with longer preview presentation), or occurs contingent on a single trial (i.e., is a rapid process). Strikingly, parallel processing occurred regardless of preview duration, suggesting that a short preview may be sufficient. In Experiment 2, participants received the preview in discrete steps, i.e., with the same length throughout the sequence. There was a clear peak in the use of the preview immediately before a task switch. This suggests that although individuals who prefer parallel processing are able to process information in parallel throughout a task sequence, they clearly prefer to do so just before the task switch.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of working memory in encoding the temporal structure of events in episodic memory: Evidence from a dual-task paradigm. 工作记忆在情景记忆中编码事件时间结构中的作用：来自双任务范式的证据。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01798-7

Nathan Leroy, Steve Majerus, Arnaud D'Argembeau

{"title":"The role of working memory in encoding the temporal structure of events in episodic memory: Evidence from a dual-task paradigm.","authors":"Nathan Leroy, Steve Majerus, Arnaud D'Argembeau","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01798-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01798-7","url":null,"abstract":"Naturalistic events are represented in episodic memory as sequences of experience units (i.e., segments of prior experience) that are separated by temporal discontinuities, so that events are temporally compressed during memory replay. In the current study, we aimed to shed light on the interplay between the segmental structure of events and working memory (WM) resources in shaping this temporal structure of episodic memories. Participants watched a series of 1-min videos that contained many or few event boundaries (EBs), while for half of the videos, a concurrent task was simultaneously performed to reduce the availability of WM resources. After each video, the time needed to mentally replay the events was measured, and then the content of memories was verbally described. Results showed that the number of recalled experience units was higher for videos that contained many EBs, leading to a lower temporal compression rate. In addition, the number of recalled experience units was lower when a concurrent task was performed during event perception, particularly for videos that contained many EBs. These results suggest that both the segmental structure of events and WM resources contribute to the formation of experience units that constitute episodic memories, thereby shaping the temporal compression of events.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Memory and future thinking for self-conscious emotions: The role of self-esteem and culture. 自我意识情绪的记忆和未来思考：自尊和文化的作用。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01800-2

Çağla Duman, Qi Wang

{"title":"Memory and future thinking for self-conscious emotions: The role of self-esteem and culture.","authors":"Çağla Duman, Qi Wang","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01800-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01800-2","url":null,"abstract":"The present research examined the accessibility and phenomenological quality of autobiographical memory and future thinking involving self-conscious emotions and the effects of culture and self-esteem. European American and East Asian participants recalled (Study 1, N = 237) and imagined (Study 2, N = 279) emotional events of self-conscious emotions triggered by appraisals about the self (i.e., pride and shame) and appraisals about a close other (i.e., admiration and contempt). European Americans demonstrated greater accessibility to positive than negative memories for both self and other targets, which was further correlated with self-esteem, and they imagined more self- than other-targeted future events for both positive and negative emotions. Their positive memories, but not future projections, were perceived as more important and temporally closer than negative ones. East Asians showed less differentiation in their accessibility to positive than negative memories and to self- than other-targeted events, and the relative accessibility was mostly unrelated to self-esteem. In addition, self-esteem mediated the effect of culture on the accessibility of positive relative to negative memories, but not future events, such that the higher self-esteem among European Americans accounted for their greater positivity in recall when compared with East Asians. The findings are discussed in the light of the influence of culture and culturally prioritized self-goals in shaping cognitive processes involving self-conscious emotions.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Color first, space next, orientation last: A temporal comparison of retro-cue effects in visual working memory. 颜色第一，空间第二，方向最后：视觉工作记忆中回溯线索效应的时间比较。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01789-8

Lijing Guo, Dan Nie, Penglan Liu, Lingcong Zhang, Chaoxiong Ye

{"title":"Color first, space next, orientation last: A temporal comparison of retro-cue effects in visual working memory.","authors":"Lijing Guo, Dan Nie, Penglan Liu, Lingcong Zhang, Chaoxiong Ye","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01789-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01789-8","url":null,"abstract":"Retro-cues can enhance performance in visual working memory (VWM) tasks by directing internal attention to relevant items. While spatial retro-cues have been extensively studied, less is known about how different types of feature retro-cues (e.g., color, orientation) compare in effectiveness and temporal dynamics. Across four experiments, we directly contrasted spatial, color, and orientation retro-cues in dual-feature memory tasks and systematically varied cue-probe delays (50-650 ms) to track the time course of retro-cue benefits (RCBs). Results revealed a processing speed hierarchy: color retro-cues elicited larger benefit than spatial retro-cue at the shortest delays (50 ms), followed by spatial retro-cues (200 ms), whereas orientation retro-cues required longer delays (500 ms or more). Notably, color retro-cues produced stronger or more rapid RCBs than spatial cues, suggesting they engage attentional mechanisms more efficiently. In contrast, orientation retro-cues were ineffective unless participants were explicitly required to encode both features. These findings indicate that different retro-cue types differ not only in efficacy but also in how quickly they can modulate memory performance, reflecting feature-specific constraints in attentional selection and cue encoding. Our results challenge the assumption that all feature cues operate uniformly and highlight the importance of considering cue type, task goals, and retrieval context in models of selective attention within working memory.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task-control adaptation in task switching: Uncovering the mechanisms behind the list-wide proportion valency effect. 任务切换中的任务控制适应：揭示全列表比例效价效应背后的机制。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01782-1

Luca Moretti, Iring Koch

{"title":"Task-control adaptation in task switching: Uncovering the mechanisms behind the list-wide proportion valency effect.","authors":"Luca Moretti, Iring Koch","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01782-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01782-1","url":null,"abstract":"The term conflict adaptation refers to the up- or down-regulation of control processes depending on the likelihood and recency of conflict occurrence. While most research on conflict adaptation has examined single-task settings (e.g., the Stroop paradigm), in a recent study we investigated whether similar phenomena are also present in task switching. In that study, we asked whether control over stimulus-induced task conflict is modulated depending on its frequency. We operationalized stimulus-induced task conflict with the valency effect, namely the performance difference between bivalent-congruent trials (i.e., stimuli affording two tasks but only one correct response) and univalent trials (i.e., stimuli affording one task). Manipulating the proportion of bivalent trials across blocks, we found that the valency effect was reduced in majority-bivalent blocks, suggesting that task-conflict control is upregulated under high-conflict conditions. Building on these findings, the present study presents three experiments designed to uncover the mechanisms behind task-conflict control adaptation in task switching. In particular, we aimed to assess whether task-conflict control is adapted in a transient or in a sustained fashion. In Experiment 1, we ruled out the possibility that control adaptation arises from transient increases in attentional biasing following cue onset. In Experiments 2a and 2b we found evidence that the mechanisms responsible for upregulating task-conflict control act in a task-specific fashion, suggesting that, contrary to single-task paradigms, control adaptation occurs transiently rather than sustainedly. We conclude that in task-switching contexts, conflict adaptation is achieved by modulating reactive control mechanisms triggered after stimulus onset.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language switching during production: The influence of preceding exposure to other bilinguals in different switching contexts. 生产过程中的语言转换：在不同的语言转换语境中，先前接触其他双语者的影响。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01787-w

Angela de Bruin, Junlan Wang, Romy Daryanani, Marion Coumel

{"title":"Language switching during production: The influence of preceding exposure to other bilinguals in different switching contexts.","authors":"Angela de Bruin, Junlan Wang, Romy Daryanani, Marion Coumel","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01787-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01787-w","url":null,"abstract":"Language control has been argued to adapt dynamically to the language context bilinguals are communicating in (Green & Abutalebi, 2013). Previous research has suggested that the demands of the task and current context itself can influence a bilingual's language behaviour and potentially also their language control. Here, we examined how the preceding context, specifically the switching patterns of another bilingual in that context, can influence a bilingual's own language control during production. Across two experiments (Experiment 1: Mandarin-English bilinguals; Experiment 2: English-French bilinguals), participants completed a cued switching task preceded by exposure to another bilingual who was switching frequently or rarely. In Experiment 1, switching costs during production were reduced after exposure to a high-switching bilingual. In Experiment 2, switching costs were also reduced compared to exposure to a low-switching bilingual, but only after hearing within-sentence switches (and not after hearing between-sentence switches). This suggests language control can dynamically adapt to the immediately preceding language context, potentially by the linguistic context updating the speaker's expectations and triggering adaptations in their language control in a top-down manner. However, such adaptations do appear to depend on the nature of the preceding switching context.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Word length vs. lexical factors: Re-examining what causes the word-length effect in serial recognition. 字长与词汇因素：重新检视字长效应在序列识别中的成因。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01762-5

Dominic Guitard, Ian Neath, Aimée M Surprenant

{"title":"Word length vs. lexical factors: Re-examining what causes the word-length effect in serial recognition.","authors":"Dominic Guitard, Ian Neath, Aimée M Surprenant","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01762-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01762-5","url":null,"abstract":"The word-length effect refers to the finding that memory on many short-term/working memory tasks is better for words with fewer syllables than words with more syllables. The standard account attributes this result to a combination of decay offset by rehearsal: More short words can be rehearsed because they take less time to articulate. However, most studies have confounded length with lexical and other long-term memory factors that covary with length. In this paper, we reexamine word-length effects in serial recognition. Experiment 1 replicated previous findings of a word-length effect when short and long words also differed on numerous other dimensions. Experiment 2 found that when the short and long words were more fully equated, including being equated for orthographic and phonological neighborhood size, the word-length effect disappeared. Experiment 3 confirmed that memory was better for words with more orthographic and phonological neighbors than words with fewer neighbors, showing serial recognition is sensitive to at least some lexical/long-term memory factors. The results provide more evidence against the standard account of the word-length effect and instead are consistent with a growing body of work which shows that lexical and other long-term memory factors affect performance in short-term/working memory tasks.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating a mental effort explanation of the generation effect using pupillometry. 用瞳孔测量法研究产生效应的心理努力解释。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01791-0

Ania M Grudzien, Nash Unsworth

{"title":"Investigating a mental effort explanation of the generation effect using pupillometry.","authors":"Ania M Grudzien, Nash Unsworth","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01791-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01791-0","url":null,"abstract":"The \"generation effect\" is a phenomenon whereby people have better memory for information that is self-generated compared to information that is passively read. Throughout the years many theories have been proposed to explain this effect, one of which is the \"mental effort theory,\" which suggests that more mental effort is allocated to self-generated information, meaning that the act of generating information inherently requires more mental effort than processing existing information. In a series of four paired-associates memory experiments, pupillometry (an independent measure of effort) was used to investigate a mental effort explanation of the generation effect within-subjects, between-subjects, and in a third experiment, within-subjects while manipulating generation difficulty. In a fourth, follow-up experiment, a verbal component was added to draw a link between generation quality and the pupillary response. All four experiments showed that more mental effort was allocated to generated information compared to read information, and that this was accompanied by a boost in memory performance when performed within-subjects. Importantly, in a cross-experimental covariance analysis for all within-subjects experiments, we found that differential effort allocation partially accounts for the behavioral generation effect. Taken together, the pupillometry results lend support to the idea that a mental effort is associated with the generation effect.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0