Memory & Cognition最新文献_第2页

Familiarity enhances the effectiveness of odors as cues in paired-associate memory. 熟悉度增强了气味在配对联想记忆中作为线索的有效性。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01790-1

Mohammad Hamzeloo, Luisa Bogenschütz, Ryan P M Hackländer, Christina Bermeitinger

{"title":"Familiarity enhances the effectiveness of odors as cues in paired-associate memory.","authors":"Mohammad Hamzeloo, Luisa Bogenschütz, Ryan P M Hackländer, Christina Bermeitinger","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01790-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01790-1","url":null,"abstract":"Previous olfactory paired-associate (PA) studies showed that odors are less effective associative cues than other sensory modalities. It has been suggested that odor familiarity might improve memory stability, thereby facilitating PA memory performance. In the current study, we designed three experiments to investigate whether enhanced odor familiarity would also enhance the effectiveness of odors in a PA memory paradigm. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects associated target shapes with eight familiar and eight unfamiliar odors (based on normative odor ratings in Experiment 1 and individual ratings in Experiment 2). The results of both experiments indicated that familiar odor cues were more effective in the retrieval of targets than unfamiliar odor cues. In Experiment 3, we investigated whether becoming (more) familiar with odors would also enhance the effectiveness of odors as cues in an olfactory PA test. An experimental group was familiarized with half of the pre-rated odors (16 odors, eight high and eight low familiar) over 4 weeks prior to the laboratory procedure while a control group was not. Both groups engaged in a PA memory paradigm in which they associated 32 odors (16 high and 16 low familiar odors) with black and white complex shapes. The results indicated that odor training led to enhanced PA learning for low-familiar odors in relation to untrained low-familiar odors. These results provide further evidence for odor familiarity as one of the critical features in olfactory processing and memory.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01778-x

Aleea L Devitt, Jeffrey Foster

{"title":"Age-related changes in susceptibility to false memories in different tasks.","authors":"Aleea L Devitt, Jeffrey Foster","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01778-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01778-x","url":null,"abstract":"We become increasingly susceptible to various false memories as we age. Recent work has shown that in younger adults, associations between false memories in different paradigms are weak or non-existent. However, it is unknown whether the relationship between false memories changes for older adults. In two Experiments, we assessed false memories in younger and older adults elicited by three established false memory paradigms: the misinformation paradigm, the DRM (Deese-Roediger-McDermott) paradigm, and the memory conjunction tasks. We replicated previous findings of a lack of relationship between false memories arising from these tasks in younger adults, with the exception of raw false alarm rates in the DRM and memory conjunction tasks. In a novel finding, we extended this lack of relationship to older adults. In both Experiments, we observed a unique relationship between different types of false memories for older adults with higher compared with lower executive functioning capacity, which might reflect different recruitment of compensatory strategies. On the whole, our results concur with prior reports that different cognitive mechanisms underpin false memories in different paradigms, and care must be taken when generalizing results across memory paradigms, regardless of age.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Action verbs and demonstrative pronouns affect volumetric affordance activation. 动作动词和指示代词影响容量功能的激活。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01783-0

T Ledneva, Y Shtyrov, O Shevtsov, A Myachykov

{"title":"Action verbs and demonstrative pronouns affect volumetric affordance activation.","authors":"T Ledneva, Y Shtyrov, O Shevtsov, A Myachykov","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01783-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01783-0","url":null,"abstract":"Whereas the influence of visual information on the activation of perceived affordances is well documented, far less attention has been given to the specific role of language in modulating affordance activation. Furthermore, while several studies have demonstrated that nouns and verbs denoting grasping actions and graspable objects may potentiate affordances, there is little-to-no research exploring similar properties of other word classes, particularly those specifically marking spatial relations - the so-called demonstrative pronouns. Demonstratives (e.g., this, that) denote the object's position in space relative to the interlocutors (proximal or distal), therefore indicating its availability for action, which, in turn, predicts their potential involvement in modulating action affordances. To test this hypothesis, we used a stimulus-response compatibility paradigm with auditory stimuli to examine the impact of verbs and demonstratives on affordance activation. Participants were in a semantic judgement task presented with linguistic primes comprising a verb (action/observation) and a demonstrative (proximal/distal), followed by a target word denoting a manipulable object. First, our data confirmed the potential of action verbs to activate manual affordances, evident as expedited response times for object-verb congruent trials. Second, and most important, our data showed that proximal demonstratives had a similar capacity, particularly when paired with an action verb. These findings have significant implications for theories of language comprehension, supporting the view that language processing is deeply intertwined with sensorimotor systems and that demonstratives are integral components of spatial cognition, modulating the perceived affordances of objects.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Syntactic knowledge does support working memory for serial order: A comparison across French and German languages. 语法知识确实支持连续顺序的工作记忆：法语和德语的比较。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01788-9

Hong Xiao, Judith Schweppe, Pauline Querella, Lucie Attout, Friederike Contier, Steve Majerus

{"title":"Syntactic knowledge does support working memory for serial order: A comparison across French and German languages.","authors":"Hong Xiao, Judith Schweppe, Pauline Querella, Lucie Attout, Friederike Contier, Steve Majerus","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01788-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01788-9","url":null,"abstract":"A large body of research demonstrates robust interactions between verbal working memory (WM) and phonological and lexico-semantic language knowledge, particularly for item recall. The role of syntactic knowledge, involving knowledge about word positioning in a verbal sequence, has been explored to a lesser extent but is of theoretical interest given that this type of knowledge may also support serial order recall in multi-item sequences. This hypothesis has not been supported so far, either by French or German language studies. The present research reexamines the impact of syntactic knowledge on WM for lists of adjective-noun pairs by controlling for short-term syntactic predictability of memoranda. Contrary to previous studies, across two experiments involving French and German, we observed enhanced order recall accuracy for adjective-noun pairs presented in legal syntactic order, as well as more order migration errors for pairs in illegal syntactic order. This study is the first to demonstrate that long-term syntactic structures do support recall of serial order information in WM, consistent with hybrid and full linguistic accounts of verbal WM.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autobiographical memory retrieval in the context of self-schema updating: Does specific recall have power? 自我图式更新背景下的自传式记忆检索：特定回忆是否有作用？

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01785-y

Noboru Matsumoto

{"title":"Autobiographical memory retrieval in the context of self-schema updating: Does specific recall have power?","authors":"Noboru Matsumoto","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01785-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01785-y","url":null,"abstract":"Self-schemas are formed from the common elements of past experiences. In clinical contexts, maladaptive negative self-schemas are associated with resistance to therapeutic interventions and prospectively predict a worse course of depression. One possible way to update self-schemas is to recall specific autobiographical events that support or contradict current self-schemas. This study investigated whether retrieving specific autobiographical memories facilitates self-schema updating more effectively than retrieving general memories or no memories. Additionally, the study explored whether depressive symptom severity was associated with memory accessibility biases. Undergraduate students (N = 101) completed an autobiographical memory task where they recalled specific memories in which they or their friend behaved consistently or inconsistently with adjective cues (e.g., competent, inferior). Participants rated how well these traits applied to themselves (i.e., assessment of self-schema) before and after the autobiographical memory retrieval. Results showed that retrieving memories in which participants behaved consistently or inconsistently with their traits led to changes in self-schema in the corresponding direction, and this effect was more pronounced when specific memories were recalled. Furthermore, shorter retrieval latencies for self-inconsistent memories were associated with greater changes in self-schema. Depressive symptom severity was associated with shorter retrieval latencies only in the condition where memories were inconsistent with positive self-traits and in the condition where they were consistent with negative self-traits. These findings highlight the utility of specific autobiographical recall in self-schema updating and suggest that interventions targeting autobiographical memory specificity may effectively address negative self-schemas, particularly in individuals with dysphoria.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual versus verbal: Assessing probe efficacy across modality and time delays in the Concealed Information Test. 视觉与语言：评估隐藏信息测试中不同形式和时间延迟的探针效能。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01784-z

Yi-Chen Tsai, Yu-Hui Lo, Philip Tseng

{"title":"Visual versus verbal: Assessing probe efficacy across modality and time delays in the Concealed Information Test.","authors":"Yi-Chen Tsai, Yu-Hui Lo, Philip Tseng","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01784-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01784-z","url":null,"abstract":"The Concealed Information Test (CIT), also known as the Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT), is a method of deception detection by presenting the suspects with familiar stimuli that only the culprits would recognize. Because recognition memory is crucial to the success of reaction time-based CIT, in this study we investigated how pictorial and verbal crime-related items (i.e., Probes) of a visually experienced mock crime would perform against time delay and memory deterioration. Participants visually encoded the details of a theft mock crime from a first-person perspective and were randomly assigned to one of the Probe modalities (i.e., verbal vs. pictorial) group and one of the time delays (immediate vs. 2-week delay) group: immediate verbal, immediate pictorial, 2-week verbal, 2-week pictorial. We observed significant Probe-Irrelevant RT difference in all 4 conditions. When we evaluated the ability of each condition to differentiate between guilty and innocent by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) with Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis, we observed a significant effect of time delay, with higher AUCs in the immediate condition compared to the 2-week delay, and no difference between verbal and pictorial modalities. Together, our results suggest that for visually experienced events, CIT effects can be observed 1) both with pictorial or verbal Probes, 2) both immediately and after 2 weeks, and 3) importantly, although pictorial and verbal Probes perform equally well, a 2-week delay would cost CIT efficacy in AUC.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Practice makes better? The influence of increased practice on task conflict in the Stroop task. 纠正：熟能生巧？增加练习对Stroop任务中任务冲突的影响。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01779-w

Jonathan Najenson, Rut Zaks-Ohayon, Joseph Tzelgov, Nir Fresco

引用次数: 0

Automatic activation of the shared-digit network in the solution of complex multiplication problems. 复杂乘法问题求解中共享数字网络的自动激活。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01766-1

Smadar Sapir-Yogev, Sarit Ashkenazi

{"title":"Automatic activation of the shared-digit network in the solution of complex multiplication problems.","authors":"Smadar Sapir-Yogev, Sarit Ashkenazi","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01766-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01766-1","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that the associative network of single-digit multiplication problems is automatically activated, even when participants perform irrelevant tasks, and that single-digit multiplication problems automatically activate all single-digit problems sharing at least one digit with them (the shared-digit network; SDN). We examined whether the SDN would also be automatically activated when participants perform an irrelevant task. Specifically, we asked whether complex multiplication problems (e.g., 2 × 12 = ) automatically activate all single-digit problems that share digits with them. In Experiment 1, participants solved all complex problems whose solutions were less than 100. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants solved sets of complex problems that differed in SDN size and in carryover status and were matched in problem size. Participants reported the strategies they used to solve the problems. Results showed that SDN size, which reflected the number of single-digit problems sharing digits with the complex problem, predicted speed and accuracy in the solution of complex problems. Regardless of carryover status and strategy, participants solved complex problems with small SDNs more quickly than complex problems with large SDNs. Regardless of carryover status, participants used retrieval more often when solving problems with a small SDN than with a large SDN. Thus, we have demonstrated that SDN size determines speed and accuracy in the solution of complex multiplication problems, and that the SDN is automatically activated even during performance of an irrelevant task.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving question answering from short texts by 9- to 11-year-old children using induction tasks. 运用归纳任务提高9- 11岁儿童对短文的答题能力。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01769-y

Sabine Févin, Elise Tornare, Delphine Oger, Christine Ros, Nicolas Vibert

{"title":"Improving question answering from short texts by 9- to 11-year-old children using induction tasks.","authors":"Sabine Févin, Elise Tornare, Delphine Oger, Christine Ros, Nicolas Vibert","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01769-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01769-y","url":null,"abstract":"Visually searching for verbal information is a complex activity for young readers. An eye-tracking experiment was conducted to investigate whether preactivation of different word-processing pathways by means of semantic or perceptual induction tasks could help children aged 9 to 11 to search for answers to questions in short texts (about 150 words). The type of questions asked (surface vs. inferential) and the nature of the induction tasks (semantic vs. perceptual) were manipulated. In addition, the quality of students' lexical representations was assessed using word identification and discrimination tests. Children made more errors when answering global inferential questions than local inferential questions, and more errors when answering local inferential questions than surface questions. Children's error rates were mostly unrelated to the amount of time they spent looking for answers in texts, which suggests that children did not spontaneously adapt their search time to question complexity or perceive that some questions were more complex than others. After performing a semantic rather than perceptual induction task, the accuracy rate of children's answers to inferential questions increased (81.5% vs. 72.5%), in relation to an increase of the time spent searching the texts. As expected, information-seeking times were significantly shorter for children with higher quality lexical representations. The impact of the semantic induction task was greater for children in the lower half of lexical quality scores than for those with high scores, who tended to spontaneously use effective strategies and did not appear to have any difficulty identifying the answer in the text.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissociating effects of gaze direction and facial motion on memory of dynamic faces. 注视方向和面部运动对动态面孔记忆的解离效应。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01770-5

Xinran Feng, Mintao Zhao, Guomei Zhou

{"title":"Dissociating effects of gaze direction and facial motion on memory of dynamic faces.","authors":"Xinran Feng, Mintao Zhao, Guomei Zhou","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01770-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-025-01770-5","url":null,"abstract":"Research on dynamic face processing often emphasizes facial movements while overlooking how social information conveyed by moving faces influences face perception and memory. Our study investigated how eye gaze, a critical social cue, affects the memory of dynamic faces and whether the effect generalizes across facial motion (e.g., rigid and elastic motion) and own- and other-race faces. We employed a recognition memory task across three experiments to address these questions. Experiment 1 compared memory following learning static or moving faces and showed better memory for static and elastically moving faces (i.e., with a direct gaze) than for rigidly moving faces (i.e., with varying gaze directions), more so for own- than other-race faces. Experiment 2 manipulated gaze direction in both elastic and rigid facial motion (i.e., direct vs. averted) and showed a direct-gaze advantage. Learning direct-gaze faces, with either rigid or elastic facial motion, produced consistently better memory performance than that after learning averted-gaze faces, which was more pronounced for own-race faces. Experiment 3 manipulated the congruency of gaze direction between learning and test phases for both rigid and elastic facial motion. The advantage of learning direct-gaze faces persisted, irrespective of gaze congruency between study and test faces. These results not only demonstrate the crucial role of social signals, like eye gaze, in face memory but also dissociate the influences of facial motion and its accompanying gaze directions on the memory of dynamic faces, which may help reconcile discrepant findings regarding the effect of facial motion on face perception and recognition.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0