Memory & Cognition最新文献_第10页

The dynamic competition between item distinctiveness and attentional boost effect. 项目显著性与注意提升效应的动态竞争。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01838-2

Yingfang Meng, Peijie Chen, Shuangxing Xu, Xin Zhao, Qiuhua Huang, Kevin B Paterson

{"title":"The dynamic competition between item distinctiveness and attentional boost effect.","authors":"Yingfang Meng, Peijie Chen, Shuangxing Xu, Xin Zhao, Qiuhua Huang, Kevin B Paterson","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01838-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01838-2","url":null,"abstract":"The Attentional Boost Effect (ABE) refers to the enhancement in memory for background information that co-occurs with the detection of a target in a detection task. Previous research suggests that this effect is modulated by item distinctiveness, meaning that when background items have high distinctiveness (e.g., low-frequency words, negative items), the ABE is significantly reduced or even disappears. However, in previous studies, the detection stimulus and background items were synchronized in their onset times, which could lead to maximal overlap between the two enhancement effects. Accordingly, to further understand the relationship between item distinctiveness and target detection, we manipulated distinctive and nondistinctive memory items in three experiments and manipulated the onset time of detections stimuli. Distinctiveness was varied by manipulating the word frequency (Experiment 1), and the emotional valence of both words (Experiment 2) and images (Experiment 3). The detection stimulus was presented within two time windows: 0-100 ms or 400-500 ms during the presentation of background items. The results indicated that, compared with word frequency, negative valence exerted a more pronounced modulation of the ABE, and this modulation was not influenced by the onset time of detection stimulus. This finding further deepens our understanding of the interaction between item distinctiveness and the ABE, suggesting a complex competitive relationship between the two effects.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1773-1789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145892891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Walking through doorways helps remembering, but not for long. 穿过门道有助于记忆，但不会持续太久。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01832-8

Noah A Crockett, Dani Parra, Abigail C Doolen, Gabriel A Radvansky

引用次数: 0

Beyond who, what, and where: Findings from two experiments on age group differences in narrative elaborateness of autobiographical events. 超越谁，什么，在哪里：两个关于自传体事件叙述详细程度的年龄组差异实验的发现。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01818-6

Daniel E Cohen, Janice A Hayhoe, Darcey Lynn, Charleigh Cochran, Jonas Klus, Mónica C Acevedo-Molina, Valeria Pfeifer, Patricia L Davis, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Matthias R Mehl, Matthew D Grilli

{"title":"Beyond who, what, and where: Findings from two experiments on age group differences in narrative elaborateness of autobiographical events.","authors":"Daniel E Cohen, Janice A Hayhoe, Darcey Lynn, Charleigh Cochran, Jonas Klus, Mónica C Acevedo-Molina, Valeria Pfeifer, Patricia L Davis, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Matthias R Mehl, Matthew D Grilli","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01818-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01818-6","url":null,"abstract":"Humans can mentally create and elaborately describe events, detailing not just the who, what, and where, but also the connections and intricacies of these elements. Propositional density (proportion of propositions/total words) can be leveraged to assess how elaborately the elements of memories are described. The present experiments used propositional density to investigate how age relates to the elaborateness of orally shared autobiographical event memories. Experiment 1 included 94 young adults (ages 18-26) and 91 older adults (ages 60-95) who completed two narrative tasks, including describing a recent autobiographical event. Experiment 2 was a preregistered experiment that included a larger sample: 110 young adults (ages 18-35) and 161 cognitively normal middle-aged/older adults (ages 50-83) who recalled multiple autobiographical event memories. Propositional density scores were calculated using Computerized Propositional Idea Density Rater (CPIDR 5.1). In Experiment 1's autobiographical event memory task, propositional density was higher in older adults relative to young adults, p < .001, although this effect was driven by younger-old adults (ages 60-71), d = 0.80. Experiment 2, however, did not replicate the results of Experiment 1, instead finding that propositional density was higher in young adults relative to the oldest group of older adults in our sample (ages 69-83), p = .016, d = 0.41. In summary, the present experiments failed to find robust evidence that propositional density is higher in older relative to young adults within autobiographical event memory oral narratives. Rather, autobiographical event memory narrative elaborateness may be in a state of decline by advanced older age.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1419-1436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12861139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145709954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrieval-induced versus restudy-induced forgetting in serial order memory. 序列顺序记忆中的检索诱导遗忘与再研究诱导遗忘。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01825-7

Masanori Kobayashi, Taiji Ueno, Jun Kawaguchi

{"title":"Retrieval-induced versus restudy-induced forgetting in serial order memory.","authors":"Masanori Kobayashi, Taiji Ueno, Jun Kawaguchi","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01825-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01825-7","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of forgetting has long been a critical issue in the study of serial order memory, with output interference recognized as a significant factor in shaping serial position curves. However, it remains unclear whether this interference arises from active representations following retrieval (such as capacity consumption, overwriting of other items, blocking retrieval of other information, increased competitions) or if it stems directly from the act of retrieval itself. The present study sought to clarify these possibilities by utilizing retrieval-induced forgetting paradigms, which have been primarily developed within the domain of single-item memory. Through four preregistered experiments, we found that engaging in retrieval practice for part of an ordered list led to reduced order accuracy for the remaining list items. However, the effect size of this retrieval practice was comparable to that of merely re-presenting order information in working memory without engaging in retrieval, suggesting that the observed impairment was not retrieval-specific. This retrieval unspecificity was replicated in an additional experiment. This indicates that output interference in serial order memory is more likely attributable to active representations maintained in working memory, rather than being a direct consequence of retrieval. These findings are discussed within the framework of the two-factor account of retrieval-induced forgetting in the domain of item memory, which posits that both inhibition and competition play roles in the forgetting process.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1548-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial dependence during visuomotor integration is robust to the passage of time and interference from intervening tasks. 视觉运动整合过程中的序列依赖性对时间的流逝和干扰任务的干扰具有鲁棒性。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01820-y

Esaú Ventura Pupo Sirius, André Mascioli Cravo, Raymundo Machado de Azevedo Neto

{"title":"Serial dependence during visuomotor integration is robust to the passage of time and interference from intervening tasks.","authors":"Esaú Ventura Pupo Sirius, André Mascioli Cravo, Raymundo Machado de Azevedo Neto","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01820-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01820-y","url":null,"abstract":"When intercepting a moving target, responses are systematically biased toward the time of impact from the previous trial. This phenomenon, known as serial dependence, relies on a memory mechanism that remains poorly understood. In interceptive tasks, multiple stimulus features-such as speed, time, or motor responses-can guide behavior on the current trial and may be stored to influence subsequent trials. Here, we examined how memory decays over short intertrial intervals (Experiment 1, N = 23) and whether interleaved tasks influence serial dependence (Experiment 2, N = 28). Participants performed either a temporal reproduction task or a speed judgment task, designed to compete for temporal and speed-processing resources, respectively. Our findings reveal that serial dependence persists across all intertrial durations and remains unaffected by intervening tasks. While serial dependence was neither reduced nor eliminated, variations in responses were partially influenced by prior temporal reproductions from the interfering task. These results suggest that serial dependence in visuomotor tasks is robust to both the passage of time and external interference, though task responses may be subtly modulated by preceding temporal reproductions.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1459-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategy effects and value directed recall of sub- and supra-span word lists. 子跨和超跨词表的策略效应与价值导向记忆。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01828-4

Harini J Babu, Tiffany K Jantz, Kathy Y Xie, Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz

{"title":"Strategy effects and value directed recall of sub- and supra-span word lists.","authors":"Harini J Babu, Tiffany K Jantz, Kathy Y Xie, Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01828-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01828-4","url":null,"abstract":"Value cues can promote selective processing of words in lists of 12 or more items leading to better recall of memoranda associated with higher value. The current study examined whether value cues can also benefit memory for words studied in shorter lists, including those within the normative range of verbal working memory span (~four items). Across four experiments, participants studied words randomly paired with different point values in lists of three to 12 items, followed by immediate free recall. When list length varied randomly and participants could not anticipate memory set size, value-directed effects were evident for all list lengths: Words of higher-value were better recalled than lower-value words, even for lists lengths 3 and 4, demonstrating value-directed memory (VDM) effects within the canonical parameters of working memory. In contrast, with advanced knowledge of list length, value effects emerged only for lists of five or more words and overall recall was better for lower value words than when list length was unexpected, especially for shorter lists. Serial position and output order analyses corroborated these results. The current VDM effects, found in-person, and replicated with online testing, extend prior evidence indicating prioritization based on value within the parameters of working memory. The results also underscore the importance of metamemory in value-based effects: When anticipating word lists with relatively few items (three or four words), value cues can be ignored in favor of more efficient memory strategies, which results in discontinuities in VDM effects for shorter versus longer lists.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1609-1631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explaining away the illusion of consensus. 解释共识的错觉。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01831-9

Saoirse Connor Desai, Jacqueline Fai, Jaimie Lee, Brett K Hayes

{"title":"Explaining away the illusion of consensus.","authors":"Saoirse Connor Desai, Jacqueline Fai, Jaimie Lee, Brett K Hayes","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01831-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01831-9","url":null,"abstract":"Consensus among sources often signals a claim's trustworthiness. However, when all sources simply echo information from a single origin, an \"illusion of consensus\" can arise, leading individuals to feel equally convinced by a dependent consensus (a single, repeatedly cited source) as by an independent consensus (corroborated information from multiple sources). This effect may occur because repetition can be perceived as a cue for credibility. We conducted four experiments to test whether a negative explanation (e.g., repetition was intended to sway opinion) or a positive explanation (repetition occurred because a source was especially reliable) for repetition of a claim could reduce or enhance the illusion of consensus. Participants engaged in a political poll-reporting task to assess confidence in claims supported by an independent consensus (news outlets citing different polling companies), a dependent consensus without explanation (news outlets citing the same polling company), or a dependent consensus accompanied by explanations intended to either boost or undermine source credibility. Independent consensus was more persuasive than dependent consensus. However, the persuasiveness of dependent consensus was increased or decreased, respectively, by positive or negative explanations for repetition. These effects were found when the explanations were supplied by the experimenter (Experiments 1-2a, 2b) and when participants generated their own explanations (Experiments 3, 4). These findings suggest that social inference processes contribute to the illusion of consensus, with implications for interventions designed to mitigate the impact of misleading claims repeated in media.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1667-1687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cuing my partner's memory: Role of cue content and cue source. 提示同伴的记忆：提示内容和提示来源的作用。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01824-8

Celia B Harris, Nina McIlwain

{"title":"Cuing my partner's memory: Role of cue content and cue source.","authors":"Celia B Harris, Nina McIlwain","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01824-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01824-8","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research indicates that couples can experience 'collaborative facilitation', overcoming the typical memory inhibition seen in other groups. However, there are a range of potential mechanisms for this effect, and the role of personalised and distinctive cue content in facilitating recall has not been directly tested. We aimed to examine how cues provided by a romantic partner are similar or different to those provided by a stranger. Across two experiments involving a word list recall task, we compared the qualities and effectiveness of self-generated, partner-generated, and stranger-generated cues. Results showed that partner-generated cues were more idiosyncratic and personalized than those from strangers, resembling self-generated cues. In Experiment 1, we found that partner-generated cues were significantly more effective than stranger-generated cues in supporting recall performance. In Experiment 2, the perceived source of the cues influenced their effectiveness, highlighting the interplay of content and context. These findings suggest that the cues that couples provide for each other can enhance memory performance, offering personalised cue content as a potential mechanism for the theorised benefits of transactive memory systems in established groups.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1535-1547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A combined experimental/individual differences examination of the influence of motivation on cognitive ability assessments. 动机对认知能力评估影响的实验/个体差异联合检验。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-025-01839-1

Stephen Campbell, Xavier Celaya, Alexis S Torres, Gene A Brewer, Matthew K Robison

{"title":"A combined experimental/individual differences examination of the influence of motivation on cognitive ability assessments.","authors":"Stephen Campbell, Xavier Celaya, Alexis S Torres, Gene A Brewer, Matthew K Robison","doi":"10.3758/s13421-025-01839-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-025-01839-1","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the influence of motivation on measures of cognitive ability within the domains of attention control, primary memory, secondary memory, and fluid intelligence. Three tasks measuring each respective domain were administered, allowing for latent-variable analyses of the cognitive constructs. Half of participants (n = 322) were assigned to an experimental condition in which they received trial-by-trial and/or block-by-block feedback about their performance in addition to normative information regarding their performance. The other half (n = 322) were assigned to a 'no feedback' condition. The constructs were differentially sensitive to the between-subjects manipulation, with all three attention control tasks showing significantly better performance with feedback, and two of the three secondary memory tasks showing performance improvements with feedback. None of the primary memory or fluid intelligence tasks were affected by feedback. Individual differences in self-reported motivation were only weakly correlated with performance in all four domains. We discuss the implications for these results for the testing of cognitive theories using individual differences, high- versus low-stakes testing, and the role of motivation in cognitive assessment.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1790-1810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limited protective effects of multilingualism against age-related cognitive decline. 多语言对年龄相关认知衰退的保护作用有限。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01906-1

Niels Planckaert, Vanessa De Wilde, Arnaud Szmalec, Evy Woumans

{"title":"Limited protective effects of multilingualism against age-related cognitive decline.","authors":"Niels Planckaert, Vanessa De Wilde, Arnaud Szmalec, Evy Woumans","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01906-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-026-01906-1","url":null,"abstract":"The cognitive consequences of multilingual language experience remain a topic of considerable debate. Much of the existing work has focused on executive functions (EF), yet the impacts of multilingualism may also extend to the broader cognitive domain, and they may be subject to changes across the lifespan. In this study, we examined whether degree of language balance was associated with performance in EF and fluid intelligence across adulthood, and whether such associations are more apparent in periods of age-related cognitive change. Participants were 117 young adults and 115 healthy aging adults. Language dominance was measured through self-reporting and L2 vocabulary tests, whereas cognitive assessment included the Stroop task (EF) and WAIS-IV subtests (fluid intelligence). Across analyses, greater language balance showed only weak protective effects against age-related cognitive decline, which did not remain reliable once age and education were included in the models. In the younger adult group, no links between language balance and cognition were observed at all, whereas in the healthy aging group, which represents a period of increased cognitive vulnerability, only minimal and inconsistent patterns emerged. These findings suggest that the cognitive effects of multilingual experience as measured by language dominance in healthy adults are limited and strongly overshadowed by age and educational background, indicating that such effects may be more fragile than previously assumed.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0