Memory & Cognition最新文献_第6页

Valence-based biases in collective temporal thought: The role of question framing, culture, and age. 集体时间思维中的基于价值的偏见：问题框架、文化和年龄的作用。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01680-y

Zizhan Yao, Kristi S Multhaup, Phia S Salter

{"title":"Valence-based biases in collective temporal thought: The role of question framing, culture, and age.","authors":"Zizhan Yao, Kristi S Multhaup, Phia S Salter","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01680-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01680-y","url":null,"abstract":"Collective temporal thought includes individuals' memories of group experiences and expectations about the group's collective future. Prior studies have found inconsistent valence biases (e.g., positivity) in North American collective memory and consistently negative biases in collective future thought. Discrepancies in collective memory valence biases may be due to different question framing across studies. Moreover, a limited number of studies extend collective temporal thought research beyond Western nations and few studies examine potential age-related differences in this area. Therefore, the present study investigates valence-based biases in collective temporal thought from the perspective of question framing, culture, and participant age. Participants (N = 1,548) included younger (20-39 years) and older (60+ years) adults from the USA and mainland China. Whereas Americans' collective memory biases varied across question framings, Chinese participants consistently displayed positivity biases. The American bias patterns were specific to collective memory and did not carry over to collective future thought ratings. Chinese participants showed higher dialectical thinking than American participants and dialectical thinking positively correlated with the proportion of positive events reported. Older adults generated significantly more positive events than younger adults, more so in collective memory than in collective future thought. Overall, collective temporal thinking is influenced by question framing, cultural context, and participant age.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does familiarity-detection flip attention inward? The familiarity-flip-of-attention account of the primacy effect in memory for repetitions. 熟悉侦测会将注意力向内翻转吗？重复记忆中因因效应的熟悉-注意力转移解释。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01673-x

Anne M Cleary, Katherine L McNeely-White, Joseph Neisser, Daniel L Drane, Catherine Liégeois-Chauvel, Nigel P Pedersen

{"title":"Does familiarity-detection flip attention inward? The familiarity-flip-of-attention account of the primacy effect in memory for repetitions.","authors":"Anne M Cleary, Katherine L McNeely-White, Joseph Neisser, Daniel L Drane, Catherine Liégeois-Chauvel, Nigel P Pedersen","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01673-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01673-x","url":null,"abstract":"In cognitive psychology, research on attention is shifting from focusing primarily on how people orient toward stimuli in the environment toward instead examining how people orient internally toward memory representations. With this new shift the question arises: What factors in the environment send attention inward? A recent proposal is that one factor is cue familiarity-detection (Cleary, Irving & Mills, Cognitive Science, 47, e13274, 2023). Within this theoretical framework, we reinterpret a decades-old empirical pattern-a primacy effect in memory for repetitions-in a novel way. The effect is the finding that altered repetitions of an image were remembered as re-occurrences of the first presentation despite having a changed left-right orientation; participants better retained the first orientation while incorrectly remembering changed instantiations as repetitions of the first orientation (DiGirolamo & Hintzman, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4, 121-124, 1997). We argue that this pattern, which has never been fully explained, is an existing empirical test of the newly proposed mechanism of cue familiarity-detection flipping attention inward toward memory. Specifically, an image's first appearance is novel so draws attention outward toward encoding the stimulus' attributes like orientation; subsequent mirror-reversed appearances are detected as familiar so flip attention inward toward memory search, which leads to 1) inattentional blindness for the changed orientation due to the familiarity-driven shift of attention inward and 2) memory retrieval of the first instance and its orientation, thereby enhancing memory for the first instance and its previously encoded attributes like orientation.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drawing as an efficient encoding tool in younger but not always older adults: The case of associative memory. 绘画是年轻人的高效编码工具，但不一定是老年人的高效编码工具：联想记忆的案例。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01503-6

Rebecca Ovalle-Fresa, Corinna S Martarelli

{"title":"Drawing as an efficient encoding tool in younger but not always older adults: The case of associative memory.","authors":"Rebecca Ovalle-Fresa, Corinna S Martarelli","doi":"10.3758/s13421-023-01503-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-023-01503-6","url":null,"abstract":"Episodic memory strongly declines in healthy aging, at least partly because of reduced abilities to create and remember associations (associative memory) and to use efficient memory strategies. Several studies have shown that drawing the to-be-remembered material is a reliable encoding tool to enhance memory of individual items (item memory) because it simultaneously integrates elaborative, pictorial, and motoric processes. These processes in isolation can enhance associative memory in older adults. Nevertheless, their simultaneous impact on associative memory has never been investigated in drawing as an encoding tool. We aimed to investigate whether drawing as an encoding tool not only enhances item memory, but whether its benefit extends to associative memory in younger and older adults. Therefore, we tested 101 older and 100 younger participants in two online experiments and one in-person experiment. Using a memory task for unrelated word-pairs, we compared relational drawing and repeatedly writing (non-relational) as encoding tools and assessed immediate recognition memory of items and associations. In Experiment 2, we additionally assessed recognition memory after 1 week. The findings were consistent across the three experiments: while younger participants benefited from drawing over writing in item and associative memory, older participants benefited in item but not in associative memory. The observed effects remained after 1 week. Thus, we could extend the benefit of drawing to relational drawing in associative memory in younger adults. The lack of benefit in older adults' associative memory might be explained by age-related difficulties in benefiting from memory strategies, and in creating and retrieving associations.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"299-324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Object-based attention during scene perception elicits boundary contraction in memory. 在场景感知过程中，基于物体的注意力会引起记忆中的边界收缩。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01540-9

Elizabeth H Hall, Joy J Geng

{"title":"Object-based attention during scene perception elicits boundary contraction in memory.","authors":"Elizabeth H Hall, Joy J Geng","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01540-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01540-9","url":null,"abstract":"Boundary contraction and extension are two types of scene transformations that occur in memory. In extension, viewers extrapolate information beyond the edges of the image, whereas in contraction, viewers forget information near the edges. Recent work suggests that image composition influences the direction and magnitude of boundary transformation. We hypothesize that selective attention at encoding is an important driver of boundary transformation effects, selective attention to specific objects at encoding leading to boundary contraction. In this study, one group of participants (N = 36) memorized 15 scenes while searching for targets, while a separate group (N = 36) just memorized the scenes. Both groups then drew the scenes from memory with as much object and spatial detail as they could remember. We asked online workers to provide ratings of boundary transformations in the drawings, as well as how many objects they contained and the precision of remembered object size and location. We found that search condition drawings showed significantly greater boundary contraction than drawings of the same scenes in the memorize condition. Search drawings were significantly more likely to contain target objects, and the likelihood to recall other objects in the scene decreased as a function of their distance from the target. These findings suggest that selective attention to a specific object due to a search task at encoding will lead to significant boundary contraction.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"6-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Function estimation: Quantifying individual differences of hand-drawn functions. 函数估计：量化手绘函数的个体差异。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01598-5

Daniel R Little, Richard M Shiffrin, Simon M Laham

{"title":"Function estimation: Quantifying individual differences of hand-drawn functions.","authors":"Daniel R Little, Richard M Shiffrin, Simon M Laham","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01598-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01598-5","url":null,"abstract":"Graphical perception is an important part of the scientific endeavour, and the interpretation of graphical information is increasingly important among educated consumers of popular media, who are often presented with graphs of data in support of different policy positions. However, graphs are multidimensional and data in graphs are comprised not only of overall global trends but also local perturbations. We presented a novel function estimation task in which scatterplots of noisy data that varied in the number of data points, the scale of the data, and the true generating function were shown to observers. 170 psychology undergraduates with mixed experience of mathematical functions were asked to draw the function that they believe generated the data. Our results indicated not only a general influence of various aspects of the presented graph (e.g., increasing the number of data points results in smoother generated functions) but also clear individual differences, with some observers tending to generate functions that track the local changes in the data and others following global trends in the data.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"242-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surprise! Draw the scene: Visual recall reveals poor incidental working memory following visual search in natural scenes. 惊喜绘制场景：视觉回忆显示在自然场景中进行视觉搜索后，偶然的工作记忆较差。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01465-9

Nicolás Cárdenas-Miller, Ryan E O'Donnell, Joyce Tam, Brad Wyble

{"title":"Surprise! Draw the scene: Visual recall reveals poor incidental working memory following visual search in natural scenes.","authors":"Nicolás Cárdenas-Miller, Ryan E O'Donnell, Joyce Tam, Brad Wyble","doi":"10.3758/s13421-023-01465-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-023-01465-9","url":null,"abstract":"Searching within natural scenes can induce incidental encoding of information about the scene and the target, particularly when the scene is complex or repeated. However, recent evidence from attribute amnesia (AA) suggests that in some situations, searchers can find a target without building a robust incidental memory of its task relevant features. Through drawing-based visual recall and an AA search task, we investigated whether search in natural scenes necessitates memory encoding. Participants repeatedly searched for and located an easily detected item in novel scenes for numerous trials before being unexpectedly prompted to draw either the entire scene (Experiment 1) or their search target (Experiment 2) directly after viewing the search image. Naïve raters assessed the similarity of the drawings to the original information. We found that surprise-trial drawings of the scene and search target were both poorly recognizable, but the same drawers produced highly recognizable drawings on the next trial when they had an expectation to draw the image. Experiment 3 further showed that the poor surprise trial memory could not merely be attributed to interference from the surprising event. Our findings suggest that even for searches done in natural scenes, it is possible to locate a target without creating a robust memory of either it or the scene it was in, even if attended to just a few seconds prior. This disconnection between attention and memory might reflect a fundamental property of cognitive computations designed to optimize task performance and minimize resource use.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drawing as a means to characterize memory and cognition. 将绘画作为描述记忆和认知的一种手段。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01618-4

Wilma A Bainbridge, Rebecca Chamberlain, Jeffrey Wammes, Judith E Fan

{"title":"Drawing as a means to characterize memory and cognition.","authors":"Wilma A Bainbridge, Rebecca Chamberlain, Jeffrey Wammes, Judith E Fan","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01618-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01618-4","url":null,"abstract":"As psychological research embraces more naturalistic questions and large-scale analytic methods, drawing has emerged as an exciting tool for studying cognition. Drawing provides rich information about how we view the world, ranging from largely veridical perceptual representations to abstracted meta-cognitive representations. Drawing also requires the integration of multiple processes (e.g., vision, memory, motor learning), and experience with drawing can have an impact on such processes. As a result, drawing presents several interesting cognitive questions, while also providing a way to gain insight into a multitude of others. This Special Issue features 25 cutting-edge studies utilizing drawing to reveal discoveries transversing fields in psychology. These diverse studies investigate drawing across children, young adults, older adults, and special populations such as individuals with blindness, anterograde amnesia, apraxia, and semantic dementia. These studies detail new discoveries about the mechanisms underlying memory, attention, mathematical reasoning, and other cognitive processes. They employ a range of methods including psychophysical experiments, deep learning, and neuroimaging. Finally, many of these studies cover topics about the impact of drawing as a process on other cognitive processes, including how drawing expertise impacts other processes like visual memory or spatial abilities. Overall, this collection of studies paves the way for an exciting future of drawing as a commonplace tool used by psychologists to understand complex phenomena.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards the most prägnant Gestalt: Leveling and sharpening as contextually dependent adaptive strategies. 向着最prägnant格式塔:水平和锐化作为上下文依赖的适应策略。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01445-z

Eline Van Geert, Liesse Frérart, Johan Wagemans

{"title":"Towards the most prägnant Gestalt: Leveling and sharpening as contextually dependent adaptive strategies.","authors":"Eline Van Geert, Liesse Frérart, Johan Wagemans","doi":"10.3758/s13421-023-01445-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-023-01445-z","url":null,"abstract":"Gestalt psychologists posited that we always organize our visual input in the best way possible under the given conditions. Both weakening or removing unnecessary details (i.e., leveling) and exaggerating distinctive features (i.e., sharpening) can contribute to achieving a better organization. When is a feature leveled or sharpened, however? We investigated whether the importance of a feature for discrimination among alternatives influences which organizational tendency occurs. Participants were simultaneously presented with four figures composed of simple geometrical shapes, and asked to reconstruct one of these figures in such a way that another participant would be able to recognize it among the alternatives. The four figures differed either qualitatively or only quantitatively (i.e., far or close context). Regarding quantitative differences, two feature dimensions were varied, with one manifesting a wider range of variability across the alternatives than the other. In case of a smaller variability range, the target figure was either at the extreme of the range or had an in-between value. As expected, the results indicated that sharpening occurred more often for the feature with an extreme value, for the feature exhibiting more variability, and for the features of figures presented in the close context, than for the feature with a non-extreme value, exhibiting less variability, or in the far context. In line with Metzger's (1941) definition of prägnant Gestalts, the essence of a Gestalt is context-dependent, and this will influence whether leveling or sharpening of a feature will lead to the best organization in the specific context.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"150-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9857000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Watching videos of a drawing hand improves students' understanding of the normal probability distribution. 观看画手的视频可加深学生对正态概率分布的理解。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01526-7

Icy Yunyi Zhang, Xiaohan Hanna Guo, Ji Y Son, Idan A Blank, James W Stigler

{"title":"Watching videos of a drawing hand improves students' understanding of the normal probability distribution.","authors":"Icy Yunyi Zhang, Xiaohan Hanna Guo, Ji Y Son, Idan A Blank, James W Stigler","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01526-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01526-7","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding normal probability distributions is a crucial objective in mathematics and statistics education. Drawing upon cognitive psychology research, this study explores the use of drawings and visualizations as effective scaffolds to enhance students' comprehension. Although much research has documented the helpfulness of drawing as a research tool to reveal students' knowledge states, its direct utility in advancing higher-order cognitive processes remains understudied. In Study 1, qualitative methods were utilized to identify common misunderstandings among students regarding canonical depictions of the normal probability distribution. Building on these insights, Study 2 experimentally compared three instructional videos (static slides, dynamic drawing, and dynamic drawings done by a visible hand). The hand drawing video led to better learning than the other versions. Study 3 examined whether the benefits from observing a hand drawing could be reproduced by a dynamic cursor moving around otherwise static slides (without the presence of a hand). Results showed no significant learning difference between observing a hand drawing and a moving cursor, both outperforming a control. This research links the cognitive process of drawing with its educational role and provides insights into its potential to enhance memory, cognition, and inform instructional methods.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"262-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What the visual system can learn from the non-dominant hand: The effect of graphomotor engagement on visual discrimination. 视觉系统能从非惯用手学到什么？图形运动参与对视觉辨别的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-024-01628-2

Shlomit Ben-Ami, Batel Buaron, Ori Yaron, Kyle Keane, Virginia H Sun, Flip Phillips, Jason Friedman, Pawan Sinha, Roy Mukamel

{"title":"What the visual system can learn from the non-dominant hand: The effect of graphomotor engagement on visual discrimination.","authors":"Shlomit Ben-Ami, Batel Buaron, Ori Yaron, Kyle Keane, Virginia H Sun, Flip Phillips, Jason Friedman, Pawan Sinha, Roy Mukamel","doi":"10.3758/s13421-024-01628-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-024-01628-2","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated that engaging in graphomotor activity for creating graphemes can enhance their subsequent visual discrimination. This suggests a positive influence of the motor system on visual learning. However, existing studies have emphasized the dominant hand, which is superiorly dexterous in fine-motor movements. This near-exclusive focus prompts the inquiry of whether the observed perceptual facilitation is a general characteristic of the motor system, or specific to pathways controlling the skilled over-trained dominant hand. Furthermore, the mechanistic underpinning of visual facilitation from graphomotor training (i.e., the individual contribution of motor activity, temporal evolution of the visual trace, variability of visual output) remain unclear. To address these questions, we assessed visual discrimination capabilities of healthy right-handed participants (N = 60) before and after graphomotor or visual training. Contrary to our initial expectation, graphomotor engagement with the non-dominant hand did not yield additional benefits to visual learning beyond those attainable through visual training alone. Moreover, graphomotor training with the non-dominant hand resulted in visual discrimination improvements comparable to those of dominant hand training, despite the inherent differences between hands in motor performance and in the amount of improvement in shape tracing throughout training. We conclude that the motor components of graphomotor activity may not be critical for visual learning of shapes through tracing activity. Instead, our results are in agreement with the symbolic theoretical account, suggesting that basic shape features required for discrimination can be acquired through visual inspection alone, providing a perspective on the improvements observed in prior studies.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"325-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0