Memory & Cognition最新文献_第6页

Travelling through time and space in working memory. 在工作记忆中穿越时空。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01858-6

Simon Farrell, Timothy Jones, Klaus Oberauer

引用次数: 0

It's easier to forget what you want: Directed forgetting of chosen and unchosen words. 更容易忘记你想要的：定向遗忘选择和未选择的单词。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01855-9

Kathleen L Hourihan, Tracy L Taylor

{"title":"It's easier to forget what you want: Directed forgetting of chosen and unchosen words.","authors":"Kathleen L Hourihan, Tracy L Taylor","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01855-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01855-9","url":null,"abstract":"In item-method directed forgetting (DF), participants are instructed to either remember or forget individual items in a study list. When memory for all items is tested, memory is better for remember than for forget items: the DF effect. Research has shown repeatedly that when participants can choose items for re-study, honoring those choices results in superior memory. In a series of experiments examining whether choice influences DF, participants completed an initial choice phase in which they selected words that they wanted to study. In Experiments 1 and 2, the study phase honored half of their choices (remember cues for chosen items, forget cues for non-chosen items), but dishonored half of their choices. Results show that item choice strongly influences DF, with a larger magnitude DF effect when choices are honored compared to control items. Remarkably, dishonored choices resulted in a reversed DF effect: higher recognition of forget-cued than remember-cued words. Experiment 3 showed that the effect did not replicate in participants who received yoked participants' choices, and Experiment 4 showed that although the larger DF effect for honored choices (relative to control) dissipated after a delay, the DF effect for dishonored choices was eliminated (although not reversed). Experiment 5 suggested that participants may consider different information if choosing items they do not want to study (rather than ones they do want to study), resulting in similar (smaller) DF effects for honored and dishonored choices. The roles of choice and reminding in preventing forgetting are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2062-2081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of virtual reality analog-trauma films and Tetris gameplay duration on intrusive memories. 虚拟现实模拟创伤电影和俄罗斯方块游戏时间对侵入性记忆的影响。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01872-8

Kenneth B Abrams, Yichen Zhang, Emerald Wang, Isabel T Folger, Benjamin C Zivsak, Nancy A Cullen, Isaac M Smalley, Catherine M Marvin, Y Ashley Ye, A Harrison James

{"title":"The impact of virtual reality analog-trauma films and Tetris gameplay duration on intrusive memories.","authors":"Kenneth B Abrams, Yichen Zhang, Emerald Wang, Isabel T Folger, Benjamin C Zivsak, Nancy A Cullen, Isaac M Smalley, Catherine M Marvin, Y Ashley Ye, A Harrison James","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01872-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01872-8","url":null,"abstract":"In the aftermath of traumatic events, disrupting the consolidation of memories into long-term storage may decrease the frequency of subsequent intrusive memories and perhaps prevent the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder. Initial tests of this hypothesis, in which participants watched an analog-trauma film and then engaged in a visuospatial task (playing Tetris), have yielded promising results. We aimed to extend previous research in two key ways: by examining the effect of film modality (virtual reality [VR] headset vs. standard monitor) on the ecological validity of analog-trauma studies, and by varying the memory interference task duration (with 0-, 7-, and 14-min conditions) toward identifying the minimum duration needed to meaningfully reduce intrusive memories. In a sample of 173 healthy participants, we found that viewing analog-trauma films in VR (relative to a standard monitor) increased \"presence\" though not negative affect or intrusive memories. Unexpectedly, playing Tetris for 14 min resulted in more intrusive memories across the subsequent 5 days than playing for 0 min. Desirably, film type and interference task duration did not significantly impact declarative memory of the analog-trauma film from 5 days prior. Findings suggest that VR analog-trauma films promote greater verisimilitude, a component of ecological validity. Explanations for the unanticipated impact of Tetris and hence potential boundary conditions of its benefits are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2326-2340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing sentence superiority effects in deaf and hearing readers: The role of syntactic and visuo-attentional processing. 聋人与正常人句子优势效应的比较：句法加工和视觉注意加工的作用。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01862-w

Veena Kamble, Chloé Hissette, Virginie Crollen

{"title":"Comparing sentence superiority effects in deaf and hearing readers: The role of syntactic and visuo-attentional processing.","authors":"Veena Kamble, Chloé Hissette, Virginie Crollen","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01862-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01862-w","url":null,"abstract":"Reading requires the integration of linguistic and visuo-attentional information to support efficient word identification within context. The sentence superiority effect (SSE) illustrates this integration, showing that words are recognized more accurately when embedded in a grammatical sentence than in a scrambled sequence. While well established in hearing readers, the extent to which deaf readers exhibit this effect remains unclear. The present study examined the SSE in 18 deaf and 20 hearing adults using the Rapid Parallel Visual Presentation (RPVP) paradigm. Participants identified target words presented within grammatical or scrambled four-word sequences. Both groups showed a significant SSE, indicating that deaf readers, like hearing readers, can exploit syntactic context to enhance word recognition. The SSE even tended to be larger in the deaf group, suggesting greater reliance on top-down syntactic and contextual cues. Hearing participants moreover showed the expected central position advantage, whereas deaf readers exhibited more homogeneous performance across positions, consistent with a broader and more evenly distributed allocation of visual attention. Overall, the findings reveal both shared and distinct reading mechanisms across groups, highlighting the adaptive nature of reading strategies in deaf individuals.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2187-2196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in recall of focus and alternatives. 焦点和替代记忆的个体差异。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01870-w

Chao Sun, Anne Felsenheimer, Xaver Koch, Katharina Spalek

{"title":"Individual differences in recall of focus and alternatives.","authors":"Chao Sun, Anne Felsenheimer, Xaver Koch, Katharina Spalek","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01870-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01870-w","url":null,"abstract":"Contrastive focus has been shown to enhance memory for focused elements and their contextual alternatives. However, recent work has shown that the memory effects of contrastive accenting vary across individuals. The present study investigates whether individual differences in memory for focus-related information reflect distinct recall patterns and which linguistic or cognitive abilities underlie these patterns. Native speakers of German completed a delayed-recall task in which contrastive focus was marked by pitch accenting, along with a battery of predictor tasks targeting different aspects of focus processing as well as broader linguistic and cognitive abilities. Using a probabilistic clustering approach, we identified two recall profiles that differed primarily in overall recall performance for focused elements and their alternatives. Participants who recalled more focus-related information also performed better on inference-based tasks, whereas prosodic perception and domain-general cognitive abilities did not predict recall profiles. These findings suggest that individual variability in the memory effects of contrastive focus is closely associated with inference-making ability and indicate that the encoding of contrast sets may be influenced by listener-specific inferential abilities.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2289-2307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spotlight on the past: Focusing attention on long-term memory. 聚焦过去：将注意力集中在长期记忆上。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01854-w

Gordon D Logan, Simon D Lilburn, Jana E Ulrich, Ella E Weeks, Riley Koo

{"title":"Spotlight on the past: Focusing attention on long-term memory.","authors":"Gordon D Logan, Simon D Lilburn, Jana E Ulrich, Ella E Weeks, Riley Koo","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01854-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01854-w","url":null,"abstract":"Eight experiments tested the common idea that memory retrieval is attention turned inward by adapting a perceptual attention task to short-term and long-term memory paradigms to measure the focus of attention on memory. The resulting position-cued recognition task produces a distance effect that defines the sharpness of the focus of attention on memory. In theory, the effect depends on the similarity of memory probes to the cued item and its neighbors on the list and not the memory store that holds the list. The experiments asked whether the focused-attention distance effect would be observed in both long-term and short-term memory paradigms. Experiments 1-3 defined long-term memory operationally as \"that which survives distracting tasks\" and found distance effects after two, four, or six distracting arithmetic problems that were similar to distance effects with no distraction. Experiments 4-6 defined long-term memory operationally as \"that which was trained\" and found distance effects after 0, 10, and 20 pre-training trials that were similar to distance effects with novel items. Experiments 7 and 8 defined long-term memory operationally as \"that which contains pre-experimental knowledge,\" and found distance effects when subjects recognized probe letters in spoken words and in the names of pictures they identified. The results support the hypothesis that retrieval from short-term and long-term memory both require attention turned inward. They support the hypothesis that attentional selection, turned inward or outward, depends more on the similarity structure of the list and the probe than the memory store that holds the list.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2031-2061"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Relational encoding promotes creative insight for problem-solving. 更正：关系编码促进解决问题的创造性洞察力。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01913-2

Kenneth J Kurtz, Leif Haley, Alexus Longo, Shanti Astra, Hannah Meltzer, Gavin Suwara, John D Patterson

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous manipulation of emotion and working memory load distorts temporal distance memory. 同时操纵情绪和工作记忆负荷会扭曲时间距离记忆。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01865-7

Gahyun Kim, Qun Ye, Andy C H Lee

{"title":"Simultaneous manipulation of emotion and working memory load distorts temporal distance memory.","authors":"Gahyun Kim, Qun Ye, Andy C H Lee","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01865-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01865-7","url":null,"abstract":"Although emotion and working memory load have been demonstrated to distort the perception of individual temporal durations, the impact of these factors on memories for elapsed time, in particular within the context of event sequences, remains underexplored. Much existing work on the effects of emotion and working memory load on duration processing has, moreover, examined the impact of these factors individually. Relatively limited work has explored the influence of multiple factors in combination, an important consideration given that our everyday memories are likely to be impacted by multiple factors experienced at the same time. To address these issues, the present study explored the simultaneous impact of emotion and working memory load on memory for temporal distance associated with event sequences. Participants first completed an N-back task (either 1-back or 2-back) involving the presentation of emotional images (either negative-high arousal or positive-low arousal), followed by a temporal distance rating task in which they reported how far apart different pairs of images were presented during the N-back task. Results showed that negative-high arousal images as well as low working memory load led to overestimated temporal distances compared to positive-low arousal images and high working memory load, respectively. There was relatively little evidence that these factors interact consistently, perhaps pointing towards the involvement of distinct underlying mechanisms. These findings provide novel insight into how our temporal sequence memories can be influenced and distorted by the varying levels of emotion and working memory load that we experience.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2228-2243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147460632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Principle B is an early, predictive filter on active cataphor resolution: Eye-tracking evidence. 原则B是一个早期的、可预测的主动映射分辨率过滤器：眼球追踪证据。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01853-x

Dave Kush, Brian Dillon

{"title":"Principle B is an early, predictive filter on active cataphor resolution: Eye-tracking evidence.","authors":"Dave Kush, Brian Dillon","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01853-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13421-026-01853-x","url":null,"abstract":"Pronouns that precede their antecedents are called cataphors. Upon encountering a cataphor, comprehenders engage in an active, eager search for its antecedent later in the sentence. The processing of cataphoric dependencies has been used to probe comprehenders' incremental expectations and how grammatical knowledge guides those expectations. Past experiments have investigated whether knowledge of Binding Principles B and C constrains comprehenders' initial expectations for coreference or whether grammatical knowledge applies with a delay. Although studies suggest that the Binding Principles B and C influence the earliest stages of cataphor resolution, recent findings have called into question whether the main experimental paradigm used to test the time-course of constraint-sensitivity - self-paced reading - has the necessary temporal precision to adjudicate between competing accounts. In this paper, we investigate the application of Principle B during cataphor processing using eye-tracking-while-reading, an experimental paradigm with more fine-grained temporal sensitivity. Our results converge with prior findings that Principle B strongly constrains active cataphor resolution. We end by discussing how to model Principle B sensitivity via predictions made at the level of the discourse representation.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"2016-2030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conditional automaticity of memory-driven attention: Dissociable effects on reaction time and accuracy. 记忆驱动注意的条件自动性：对反应时间和准确性的可解离影响。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Memory & Cognition Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-026-01924-z

Sohyun Kim, Jonga Kwon, Seonbeom Heo, Suk Won Han

{"title":"Conditional automaticity of memory-driven attention: Dissociable effects on reaction time and accuracy.","authors":"Sohyun Kim, Jonga Kwon, Seonbeom Heo, Suk Won Han","doi":"10.3758/s13421-026-01924-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-026-01924-z","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that attention is biased toward stimuli matching the contents of working memory (WM). However, it remains unclear at which processing stage this memory-driven attentional capture (MDAC) exerts its influence. Whereas some studies have taken slowed reaction time (RT) as evidence that WM-matching distractors disrupt perceptual processing, RT alone cannot distinguish perceptual interference from later decisional or response-related costs. The present study tested whether the influence of WM-matching distractors extends to target perception by measuring both RT and accuracy in two visual search tasks that differed in filtering demands and task structure. Accuracy was emphasized as the primary index of target-report fidelity. Across both experiments, WM-matching distractors reliably slowed responses, indicating a robust attentional-priority signal from WM. Accuracy also showed sensitivity to distractor presence; in the T/L search, distractor presence produced a reliable overall accuracy cost across set sizes, while in the line-search task the effect of distractor presence on accuracy depended on set size. Critically, however, WM-matching distractors did not produce an additional accuracy decrement relative to nonmatching distractors. Thus, although WM-matching stimuli reliably biased attention, their effect was expressed in RT rather than in target-report accuracy. More broadly, these findings suggest that, under the present paradigm, the consequence of MDAC was expressed at a later stage, or downstream of initial target encoding, rather than as a uniquely perceptual impairment, thereby constraining strong claims that WM-matching distractors uniformly penetrate perceptual processing.","PeriodicalId":48398,"journal":{"name":"Memory & Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0