International Organization最新文献_第2页

When Do Citizens Support Peace-Building? Economic Hardship and Civilian Support for Rebel Reintegration 公民何时支持和平建设？经济困难和平民支持叛军重返社会

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101136

Amanda Kennard, Konstantin Sonin, Austin L. Wright

引用次数: 0

Population Displacement and State Building: The Legacies of Pashtun Resettlement in Afghanistan 人口迁移和国家建设：普什图人在阿富汗重新安置的遗产

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101008

David B. Carter, Austin L. Wright, Luwei Ying

{"title":"Population Displacement and State Building: The Legacies of Pashtun Resettlement in Afghanistan","authors":"David B. Carter, Austin L. Wright, Luwei Ying","doi":"10.1017/s0020818325101008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818325101008","url":null,"abstract":"Population displacement is a prominent state-building strategy. Using either force or positive inducements, states sponsor the resettlement of racial, ethnic, or linguistic groups to consolidate territorial control. We evaluate the long-run consequences of large-scale displacement by analyzing a historical episode in Afghanistan: the relocation of Pashtun communities during the rule of Emir Abd al-Rahman. Using historical records, we reconstruct the map of relocated tribes to identify contemporary settlements that are connected to the original displaced settlements. We analyze novel, microlevel survey data on more than 80,000 subjects to study how contemporary attitudes about the central government and the Taliban as well as individuals’ identity salience differ across coethnic communities separated by the emir’s state-building effort. We argue that under conditions common to many historical cases, settlers develop regional political identities that are neither ethnocentric, nor pro-central-state, nor focused on national identity. We show that the long-term consequences of the state-led resettlement of Pashtuns to northern Afghanistan are stronger attachments to regional government and local institutions, along with greater hostility to the central government and the Taliban relative to Pashtuns in the south and east.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Architecture of Containment: Refugee Protection in a Postliberal Order 遏制的架构：后自由主义秩序下的难民保护

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101100

Perisa Davutoglu

{"title":"The Architecture of Containment: Refugee Protection in a Postliberal Order","authors":"Perisa Davutoglu","doi":"10.1017/s0020818325101100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818325101100","url":null,"abstract":"This essay argues that the global refugee regime is undergoing a fundamental transformation. While the 1951 Refugee Convention and its legal framework remain formally intact, their practical application has shifted toward a model of flexible containment. Rather than offering protection within their own borders, states increasingly manage displacement through externalization, legal ambiguity, and informal cooperation. Drawing on the concepts of institutional drift and legal substitution, the essay shows how states recalibrate their obligations without renouncing them, preserving the appearance of compliance while limiting access to asylum. These practices form a broader architecture of containment, characterized by border externalization, procedural delays, and institutional delegation. What emerges is not the collapse of the refugee regime but its reconfiguration around a postliberal logic that prioritizes sovereignty, discretion, and risk management over multilateralism and rights enforcement. By tracing this shift across legal frameworks and policy instruments, the essay contributes to debates on norm erosion, soft law, and the future of international cooperation. It concludes by calling for a rethinking of solidarity and responsibility in global governance, recognizing that the challenge is not simply to restore past commitments but to confront the evolving politics of mobility and protection in a fragmented international order.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"369 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Unconstrained Future of World Order: The Assault on Democratic Constraint and Implications for US Global Leadership 世界秩序不受约束的未来：对民主约束的攻击及其对美国全球领导地位的影响

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101161

Susan D. Hyde, Elizabeth N. Saunders

{"title":"The Unconstrained Future of World Order: The Assault on Democratic Constraint and Implications for US Global Leadership","authors":"Susan D. Hyde, Elizabeth N. Saunders","doi":"10.1017/s0020818325101161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818325101161","url":null,"abstract":"Any theoretically informed predictions about the future of international order and global governance must reckon with the power and intentions of the United States. We argue that fundamental changes in the nature of domestic audience constraint within many democracies, and the United States in particular, undermine both the willingness and the capability of the United States to continue its role as the underwriter of international order and global governance. A US government unbound by domestic constraint will have difficulty building broad coalitions to solve national and international problems because it will have reduced incentives to invest in public goods, including national defense, science and technology, and future economic prosperity; reduced barriers to corruption that undermines the quality of and trust in US capabilities; and reduced state capacity, including the capacity to finance wars and other long-term international commitments. We argue that three trends were especially relevant in reshaping domestic audience constraint: information fragmentation, extreme polarization, and a global threat environment that facilitated executive power concentration. Together they reduce the costs and risks for leaders to escape domestic audience constraints, weakening the institutional and accountability mechanisms that give democracies advantages in the international system. Though these trends affect many democracies, the undermining of US domestic constraint is particularly consequential because the United States shaped and buttressed the current system. An unconstrained United States likely means a less cooperative and less predictable global order, irrevocably altering the post-1945 system.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dollar Diminished: The Unmaking of US Financial Hegemony Under Trump 美元贬值：特朗普治下美国金融霸权的瓦解

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101033

Tobias Pforr, Fabian Pape, Johannes Petry

{"title":"Dollar Diminished: The Unmaking of US Financial Hegemony Under Trump","authors":"Tobias Pforr, Fabian Pape, Johannes Petry","doi":"10.1017/s0020818325101033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818325101033","url":null,"abstract":"The actions of the second Trump administration pose a serious threat to the dominance of the US dollar. Erratic US policies erode global trust in the United States and force states and private actors alike to reconsider their reliance on the dollar. This is reflected across three dimensions of dollar dominance: in trade and payments, as reserve currency and safe asset, and as global investment and funding currency. What distinguishes the current moment from previous predictions of a decline of financial hegemony is that the dollar’s global role is now challenged across all three dimensions simultaneously. Following the Global Financial Crisis, growing uneasiness with US financial power, especially the use of financial sanctions, already created cracks at the margins of the system and prompted a search for alternatives, triggering partial reserve diversification and de-dollarization of trade and payments systems. Under Trump, the undermining of the global economic order, growing fiscal deficits, and continued attacks on the institutional foundations of the administrative state are fundamentally undermining trust in the United States that is fundamental for the dollar’s global role. This signals a rupture in the US-centric global financial system, altering the foundations of the rules-based liberal international order (LIO). However, existing network effects slow down this process and no alternative can yet replace the dollar. The result is a financial interregnum where rising powers seek autonomy and influence without assuming hegemonic responsibility, leading to a more fragmented, multipolar financial order.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The End of Autocratic Norm Adaptation? US Retrenchment and Liberal Norms in Illiberal Regimes 专制规范适应的终结？美国紧缩与非自由政体中的自由规范

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101148

Sarah Sunn Bush, Daniela Donno, Jon C.W. Pevehouse, Christina J. Schneider

{"title":"The End of Autocratic Norm Adaptation? US Retrenchment and Liberal Norms in Illiberal Regimes","authors":"Sarah Sunn Bush, Daniela Donno, Jon C.W. Pevehouse, Christina J. Schneider","doi":"10.1017/s0020818325101148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818325101148","url":null,"abstract":"In the post–Cold War era, many authoritarian regimes engaged in strategic liberalization in response to international norms promoted by Western powers. As US support for democracy and human rights recedes, will this retreat prompt a global rollback of liberal reforms? While pessimistic accounts predict a return to overt repression, we argue that liberal norm adaptation within autocracies is likely to prove more resilient. We highlight two sources of continuity. First, autocrats’ domestic control strategies create incentives to retain certain liberal practices—such as elections, gender reforms, or limited media openness—that bolster legitimacy, co-opt dissent, and help manage opposition. Second, reforms anchored in treaties, international organizations, and domestic bureaucracies have generated expectations and mobilizational platforms, making wholesale reversals politically costly and prone to backlash. Our analysis illustrates how reforms, even when adopted instrumentally, have become sufficiently embedded in domestic politics to persist in the absence of strong external enforcement.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Disintegration: Techno-Blocs and Strategic Sovereignty in the AI Era 数字解体：人工智能时代的技术集团与战略主权

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101070

Stephen Weymouth

引用次数: 0

Authoritarianism, Global Politics, and the Future of Human Rights 威权主义、全球政治和人权的未来

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s002081832510101x

Rebecca Cordell, Alex Dukalskis

{"title":"Authoritarianism, Global Politics, and the Future of Human Rights","authors":"Rebecca Cordell, Alex Dukalskis","doi":"10.1017/s002081832510101x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002081832510101x","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1990s and 2000s, scholars emphasized the transformative power of international human rights and the durability of liberal global governance. Today, that optimism has faded. Human rights norms face sharper constraints, weakened institutions, and their authority challenged. We argue that rising authoritarian power—driven by more countries autocratizing, major powers gaining strength, and coordination in an emboldened bloc—poses a major challenge to the global human rights system, and that the United States’ retreat from human rights leadership is accelerating this threat. Authoritarian regimes are no longer merely resisting pressure; they are reshaping the system itself. Four strategies are driving this transformation: repression of domestic and transnational activism; refuting information and discrediting of critics; re-engineering procedures and coalitions within international organizations; and replacement of existing norms with alternative narratives that redefine human rights in illiberal terms. US disengagement amplifies each strategy by removing funding, normative leadership, and institutional backing that once raised the cost of violations and constrained authoritarian advance. Together, these developments mark a turning point. Where autocracies once played defense, liberal democracies and human rights actors are now on the defensive. If powerful authoritarian states consolidate these gains, they may emerge as models for others, attract new followers, and gravely damage liberal human rights as a global project. Yet the future is not preordained. Resilience may require liberal democracies confronting illiberal backsliding at home, and for European and other consolidated democracies to assume greater external leadership to strengthen the foundations of international human rights.","PeriodicalId":48388,"journal":{"name":"International Organization","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weathering the Storm: US Trade Policy Beyond Trump 渡过风暴：特朗普之后的美国贸易政策

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101112

Andreas Dür, Alessia Invernizzi

引用次数: 0

Information Disorder and Global Politics 信息混乱与全球政治

IF 7.8 1区社会学

International Organization Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020818325101069

Julia C. Morse, Tyler Pratt

引用次数: 0