Personality and Social Psychology Review最新文献_第10页

Is Ego Depletion Real? An Analysis of Arguments. 自我损耗是真实的吗?论点分析。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-05-01 Epub Date: 2018-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318762183

Malte Friese, David D Loschelder, Karolin Gieseler, Julius Frankenbach, Michael Inzlicht

引用次数: 203

Associative Attitude Learning: A Closer Look at Evidence and How It Relates to Attitude Models. 联合态度学习:仔细观察证据及其与态度模型的关系。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-05-01 Epub Date: 2018-03-24 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318763261

Olivier Corneille, Christoph Stahl

{"title":"Associative Attitude Learning: A Closer Look at Evidence and How It Relates to Attitude Models.","authors":"Olivier Corneille, Christoph Stahl","doi":"10.1177/1088868318763261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318763261","url":null,"abstract":"Associative attitude learning is typically viewed as a low-level process that automatically registers mere co-occurrences between stimuli, independent of their validity and relational meaning. This view invites to critically examine how attitude formation conforms to four operating conditions (i.e., unawareness, efficiency, goal independence, and uncontrollability) and two operating principles (i.e., unqualified registration of mere co-occurrences between stimuli and formation of direct stimulus-response links), which is the main purpose of the present contribution. The general discussion examines how contemporary attitude models endorse these conditions and principles. Overall, this contribution calls for (a) a nuanced understanding of the nature and scope of associative attitude learning, (b) a fine-grained understanding of how contemporary attitude models endorse conditions and principles reviewed here and find them relevant to their theorization of attitude formation, (c) a clarification of how direct and indirect evaluative measures relate to these conditions and principles, and (d) enhanced efforts in specifying contemporary attitude formation models.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868318763261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35945419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 85

Is Empathy the Default Response to Suffering? A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of Perspective Taking’s Effect on Empathic Concern 同理心是对痛苦的默认反应吗?视角采取对共情关怀影响的元分析评价

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.1177/1088868319887599

W. McAuliffe, Evan C. Carter, Juliana F Berhane, Alexander Snihur, M. McCullough

{"title":"Is Empathy the Default Response to Suffering? A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of Perspective Taking’s Effect on Empathic Concern","authors":"W. McAuliffe, Evan C. Carter, Juliana F Berhane, Alexander Snihur, M. McCullough","doi":"10.1177/1088868319887599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868319887599","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted a series of meta-analytic tests on experiments in which participants read perspective-taking instructions—that is, written instructions to imagine a distressed persons’ point of view (“imagine-self” and “imagine-other” instructions), or to inhibit such actions (“remain-objective” instructions)—and afterwards reported how much empathic concern they experienced upon learning about the distressed person. If people spontaneously empathize with others, then participants who receive remain-objective instructions should report less empathic concern than do participants in a “no-instructions” control condition; if people can deliberately increase how much empathic concern they experience, then imagine-self and imagine-other instructions should increase empathic concern relative to not receiving any instructions. Random-effects models revealed that remain-objective instructions reduced empathic concern, but “imagine” instructions did not significantly increase it. The results were robust to most corrections for bias. Our conclusions were not qualified by the study characteristics we examined, but most relevant moderators have not yet been thoroughly studied.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79144740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Does Self-Esteem Have an Interpersonal Imprint Beyond Self-Reports? A Meta-Analysis of Self-Esteem and Objective Interpersonal Indicators. 自尊是否有超越自我报告的人际印记?自尊与客观人际关系指标的元分析。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Epub Date: 2018-02-26 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318756532

Jessica J Cameron, Steve Granger

{"title":"Does Self-Esteem Have an Interpersonal Imprint Beyond Self-Reports? A Meta-Analysis of Self-Esteem and Objective Interpersonal Indicators.","authors":"Jessica J Cameron, Steve Granger","doi":"10.1177/1088868318756532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318756532","url":null,"abstract":"Self-esteem promises to serve as the nexus of social experiences ranging from social acceptance, interpersonal traits, interpersonal behavior, relationship quality, and relationship stability. Yet previous researchers have questioned the utility of self-esteem for understanding relational outcomes. To examine the importance of self-esteem for understanding interpersonal experiences, we conducted systematic meta-analyses on the association between trait self-esteem and five types of interpersonal indicators. To ensure our results were not due to self-esteem biases in perception, we focused our meta-analyses to 196 samples totaling 121,300 participants wherein researchers assessed interpersonal indicators via outsider reports. Results revealed that the association between self-esteem and the majority of objective interpersonal indicators was small to moderate, lowest for specific and distal outcomes, and moderated by social risk. Importantly, a subset of longitudinal studies suggests that self-esteem predicts later interpersonal experience. Our results should encourage researchers to further explore the link between self-esteem and one's interpersonal world.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868318756532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35863356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

Self-Enhancement and Psychological Adjustment: A Meta-Analytic Review. 自我提升与心理调适:一项元分析回顾。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Epub Date: 2018-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318756467

Michael Dufner, Jochen E Gebauer, Constantine Sedikides, Jaap J A Denissen

{"title":"Self-Enhancement and Psychological Adjustment: A Meta-Analytic Review.","authors":"Michael Dufner, Jochen E Gebauer, Constantine Sedikides, Jaap J A Denissen","doi":"10.1177/1088868318756467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318756467","url":null,"abstract":"This article advances the debate about costs and benefits of self-enhancement (the tendency to maintain unrealistically positive self-views) with a comprehensive meta-analytic review (299 samples, N = 126,916). The review considers relations between self-enhancement and personal adjustment (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, depression), and between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment (informant reports of domain-general social valuation, agency, communion). Self-enhancement was positively related to personal adjustment, and this relation was robust across sex, age, cohort, and culture. Important from a causal perspective, self-enhancement had a positive longitudinal effect on personal adjustment. The relation between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment was nuanced. Self-enhancement was positively related to domain-general social valuation at 0, but not long, acquaintance. Communal self-enhancement was positively linked to informant judgments of communion, whereas agentic self-enhancement was linked positively to agency but negatively to communion. Overall, the results suggest that self-enhancement is beneficial for personal adjustment but a mixed blessing for interpersonal adjustment.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868318756467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35909125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 128

Bad Is Stronger Than Good for Stigmatized, but Not Admired Outgroups: Meta-Analytical Tests of Intergroup Valence Asymmetry in Individual-to-Group Generalization Experiments. 对被污名化的外群体而言，坏强于好:个体对群体泛化实验中群体间价态不对称的元分析检验。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Epub Date: 2018-02-23 DOI: 10.1177/1088868317753504

Stefania Paolini, Kylie McIntyre

{"title":"Bad Is Stronger Than Good for Stigmatized, but Not Admired Outgroups: Meta-Analytical Tests of Intergroup Valence Asymmetry in Individual-to-Group Generalization Experiments.","authors":"Stefania Paolini, Kylie McIntyre","doi":"10.1177/1088868317753504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868317753504","url":null,"abstract":"Theories of risk aversion, epistemic defense, and ingroup enhancement converge in predicting greater impact of negative (vs. positive) experiences with outgroup members on generalized evaluations of stigmatized outgroups. However, they diverge in predictions for admired outgroups. Past tests have focused on negative outgroups using correlational designs without a control group. Consequently, they have not distinguished between alternative explanations or ascertained the direction of causality/generalization, and they have suffered from self-selection biases. These limitations were redressed by a meta-analysis of experimental research on individual-to-group generalization with positive and negative outgroups (59 tests; 3,012 participants). Controlling for modest confounds, the meta-analysis found a generalization advantage of negative experiences for stigmatized outgroups and a generalization advantage of positive experiences for admired outgroups. These results highlight the centrality of valenced expectations about outgroups, consistent with epistemic defense and ingroup enhancement and inconsistent with risk aversion. Implications for positive changes in intergroup dynamics are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868317753504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35857179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52

Corrigendum. 勘误表。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2018-11-01 Epub Date: 2018-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318786700

引用次数: 0

The Role of Close Relationships in Terror Management: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda. 亲密关系在恐怖管理中的作用:系统回顾和研究议程。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2018-11-01 Epub Date: 2018-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/1088868317753505

Nicholas Plusnin, Christopher A Pepping, Emiko S Kashima

{"title":"The Role of Close Relationships in Terror Management: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda.","authors":"Nicholas Plusnin, Christopher A Pepping, Emiko S Kashima","doi":"10.1177/1088868317753505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868317753505","url":null,"abstract":"Terror management theory outlines how humans seek self-esteem and worldview validation to manage death-related anxiety. Accumulating evidence reveals that close relationships serve a similar role. However, to date, there has been no synthesis of the literature that delineates when close relationships buffer mortality concerns, under what conditions, on which specific outcomes, and for whom. This systematic review presents over two decades of research to address these questions. Findings from 73 reviewed studies revealed that close relationships serve an important role in buffering death-related anxiety. A range of dispositional and situational moderating factors influence either the activation or inhibition of relational strivings to manage heightened death awareness, the most influential being attachment, gender, and relationship-contingent self-esteem. These findings were integrated into an overarching model that highlights some of the conditions under which mortality salience (MS) influences relational outcomes. We conclude by highlighting a range of theoretical and methodological concerns to be addressed by future research.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868317753505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35831951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Effects of Weapons on Aggressive Thoughts, Angry Feelings, Hostile Appraisals, and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Weapons Effect Literature. 武器对攻击性思想、愤怒情绪、敌对评价和攻击行为的影响:武器效应文献的元分析综述。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2018-11-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/1088868317725419

Arlin J Benjamin, Sven Kepes, Brad J Bushman

{"title":"Effects of Weapons on Aggressive Thoughts, Angry Feelings, Hostile Appraisals, and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Weapons Effect Literature.","authors":"Arlin J Benjamin, Sven Kepes, Brad J Bushman","doi":"10.1177/1088868317725419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868317725419","url":null,"abstract":"A landmark 1967 study showed that simply seeing a gun can increase aggression-called the \"weapons effect.\" Since 1967, many other studies have attempted to replicate and explain the weapons effect. This meta-analysis integrates the findings of weapons effect studies conducted from 1967 to 2017 and uses the General Aggression Model (GAM) to explain the weapons effect. It includes 151 effect-size estimates from 78 independent studies involving 7,668 participants. As predicted by the GAM, our naïve meta-analytic results indicate that the mere presence of weapons increased aggressive thoughts, hostile appraisals, and aggression, suggesting a cognitive route from weapons to aggression. Weapons did not significantly increase angry feelings. Yet, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis indicated that not all naïve mean estimates were robust to the presence of publication bias. In general, these results suggest that the published literature tends to overestimate the weapons effect for some outcomes and moderators.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868317725419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35519933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Toward an Integrative Framework for Studying Human Evaluation: Attitudes Toward Objects and Attributes. 迈向研究人类评价的综合框架:对对象和属性的态度。

IF 10.8 1区心理学

Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2018-11-01 Epub Date: 2018-08-29 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318790718

Alison Ledgerwood, Paul W Eastwick, Leigh K Smith

{"title":"Toward an Integrative Framework for Studying Human Evaluation: Attitudes Toward Objects and Attributes.","authors":"Alison Ledgerwood, Paul W Eastwick, Leigh K Smith","doi":"10.1177/1088868318790718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318790718","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation is central to human experience, and multiple literatures have studied it. This article pulls from research on attitudes, human and nonhuman mating preferences, consumer behavior, and beyond to build a more comprehensive framework for studying evaluation. First, we distinguish between evaluations of objects (persons, places, things) and evaluations of attributes (dimensions, traits, characteristics). Then, we further distinguish between summarized attribute preferences (a valenced response to a direction on a dimension, such as liking sweetness in desserts) and functional attribute preferences (a valenced response to increasing levels of a dimension in a set of targets, such as the extent to which sweetness predicts liking for desserts). We situate these constructs with respect to existing distinctions in the attitude literature (e.g., specific/general, indirect/direct). Finally, new models address how people translate functional into summarized preferences, as well as how attribute preferences affect (a) subsequent evaluations of objects and (b) situation selection.","PeriodicalId":48386,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1088868318790718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36437366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21