Laurens S.F. Frowijn , David M. Baneke , Gert Jan Kramer
{"title":"Imagining a hydrogen economy: From grand technological utopia to enabler of the energy transition in three waves since the 1970s","authors":"Laurens S.F. Frowijn , David M. Baneke , Gert Jan Kramer","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conceptions of a future hydrogen economy have undergone a significant evolution over the past 50+ years. This study identifies three distinct ‘Waves’, or periods of high expectations for a hydrogen economy. The First and Second Waves were followed by declining optimism; the Third Wave is ongoing today. The three Waves are analyzed through a multi-method literature review, and we specifically analyze the First Wave through key historical sources and contextual analysis. We argue that the hydrogen economy emerged in the 1970s as a techno-utopian narrative within the scientific community, where hydrogen was envisioned as the ultimate energy carrier, driven by nuclear energy. Characteristics of the techno-utopian narrative include utopian terminology, dystopian future images, and neglect of negative side effects. During this period, the hydrogen economy did not develop beyond the conceptual phase. The Second Wave, starting in the mid-1990s, witnessed a resurgence of interest in hydrogen, particularly in the mobility sector. Governmental support and media portrayal fueled public enthusiasm, but practical challenges and misleading information resulted in disillusionment with the hydrogen economy ideal by the late 2000s. Today, in the Third Wave, hydrogen is repositioned as an energy vector for a more sustainable future, primarily as a carrier of (variable) renewable energy sources. Lessons from earlier Waves emphasize the importance of affordable renewable energy for hydrogen production, realistic objectives, a developed hydrogen infrastructure, and cross-sector collaboration. By addressing these elements, the Third Wave can avoid past pitfalls and advance hydrogen’s role in a sustainable energy future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 104084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimberley Clare O'Sullivan , Rachel Kowalchuk Dohig , Zhiting Chen , Terence Jiang , Nevil Pierse , Mylène Riva , Runa R. Das
{"title":"Heating up, cooling off: exploring cooling behaviours at home in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Kimberley Clare O'Sullivan , Rachel Kowalchuk Dohig , Zhiting Chen , Terence Jiang , Nevil Pierse , Mylène Riva , Runa R. Das","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explored the experiences of summer indoor overheating and summer cooling behaviours in Aotearoa New Zealand using a postal survey. Limited research has engaged with New Zealander's cooling behaviours due to a temperate climate. However, poor thermal dwelling quality and climate warming mean that summer indoor overheating is possibly an emerging problem. The survey was carried out between December 2021 and February 2022, with 641 respondents in total. Overheating was self-reported by almost three quarters of respondents. Use of passive cooling methods was most common, but active cooling methods (e.g. electric fans, heat pump cooling) were used by almost three quarters of respondents. Of the 65 % of households who had a heat pump, 72 % of these used it for cooling. Research from Aotearoa New Zealand has previously shown low use of energy intensive active cooling methods, indicating a change in cooling behaviours. To limit increased residential energy demand and emissions associated with more energy intensive active cooling, both improved housing thermal performance and behavioural change interventions that prioritise passive cooling approaches are required. We also find significant disparity in overheating, and access to and affordability of cooling to achieve comfortable and healthy indoor temperatures. This inequity requires urgent investigation and policy action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104128"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ravi Jayaweera , Sebastian Losacker , Le Thi Song , Dirk Schwede
{"title":"Regional preconditions and sustainability transition pathways: Insights from circular, bio-based and resource-efficient building material innovations in Vietnam","authors":"Ravi Jayaweera , Sebastian Losacker , Le Thi Song , Dirk Schwede","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High urbanization dynamics and major construction activities in its cities have highlighted the need for more sustainable building practices in the Global South. While local innovation processes take place at the grassroots level, they often struggle to break through. The study follows the main research question of how regional preconditions characterize the innovation, diffusion and transition dynamics of different “green” building material technologies in different spatial settings of Vietnam. We seek to understand the relations between local socio-technical configurations and the diversity of innovations and potential transition pathways. This is particularly relevant for southern contexts where scholars have noted a greater regime heterogeneity. Instead of black boxing “green innovations” and “the Global South”, we study place- and technology-specific effects of regional configurations as preconditions for the development and diffusion of circular, bio-based and more resource-efficient building material innovations in three regions of Vietnam (Hanoi, Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City). To understand the region- and technology-specific characteristics, we build a framework that differentiates three main dimensions of regional preconditions, institutional factors, the technical specialisation and material flows, and thirdly, market networks and demand. The results show that some preconditions vary for different material innovations and regions while others take effect across technologies, regions or scales. This creates highly differentiated opportunity-spaces for different innovations that can be addressed with targeted and diversified transition strategies that address (trans) regional preconditions on different scales and for different emergent technologies and regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Headlining justice from coalfields to clean futures: How the Australian newsprint media frames a just energy transition","authors":"Rachel Walters , Megan Farrelly , Wikke Novalia , Rob Raven","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incorporating justice considerations into energy transitions dialogues is important. However, what constitutes what is (un)just is perceived differently by different actors and is subject to moral interpretations and influenced by broader landscape factors. The media in particular are considered salient in framing how particular issues are presented, understood and actioned upon. The current study used a framing approach to unpack the conceptualisation of just energy transitions in Australian newsprint media discourse. Australia is a useful case study because of its enduring history of socio-political struggles on climate and energy transition topics. The analysis points towards four underlying notions of justice in energy transition in the Australian context: ‘socio-political’ which places an emphasis on justice as a political responsibility; ‘socio-economic’ focuses on the unjust experiences faced by people and places both from powerplant and mine closures as a consequence of energy decarbonisation; ‘socio-spatial’ attends to social and spatial complexities as well as inequities from climate change, fossil-fuel energy production and use, plus the diverse impacts of energy transitions across different geographies; and ‘whole-of-energy-system’ considers current and future fossil-fuel as well as renewable energy system impacts. Implications include spatial and temporal injustices. The findings highlight that actors mobilized throughout these frames hold differing beliefs and considerations of what is (un)just, what needs to change and who should be involved. In conclusion, by linking theoretical considerations with empirical media analysis our research contributes to the growing just transition discourse by clarifying public debates plus actor positions, underscoring the plurality through which just energy transitions are understood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Nooraiepour , Pawel Gladysz , Eirik Melaaen
{"title":"Norwegian–Polish carbon capture and storage network: Bilateral collaboration for European climate action","authors":"Mohammad Nooraiepour , Pawel Gladysz , Eirik Melaaen","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change demands urgent reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, especially from industries that are difficult to decarbonize. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) offers a critical solution by capturing CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> at its source and storing it underground, supporting the European Union’s goal of climate neutrality by 2050. This study examines the emerging bilateral CCS network between Norway and Poland, designed to leverage complementary strengths and accelerate technology deployment through transnational collaboration. Norway brings decades of operational expertise demonstrated through landmark projects like Sleipner and Snøhvit, as well as forward-looking initiatives such as the open-access Northern Lights project. Its mature regulatory environment and robust infrastructure further enhance Norway’s position. Poland, with its coal-dependent economy and over 15.5 Gt of potential underground storage capacity, seeks to decarbonize major emitters while transitioning to a sustainable energy future. Our analysis identifies critical synergies arising from shared efforts in research and development, academic training, industrial implementation, regulatory harmonization, and public engagement. By highlighting the reciprocal benefits of such a partnership, the study emphasizes the indispensable role of bilateral cooperation in harnessing CCS’s capabilities to meet the EU’s ambitious climate objectives. This case study not only highlights mutual benefits but also proposes a scalable model for multilateral CCS networks, offering a blueprint for Europe and beyond to achieve ambitious climate targets and secure a low-carbon future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 104106"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cohort effect in solar energy and nuclear power: unveiling collective agency in energy transitions","authors":"J. Stanković, Michiel Bron","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does the collective agency of multiple individual actors shape energy transitions? This paper engages with the many, varying careers of petroleum chemists, engineers and (geo)physicists who got involved in the development of alternative energy sources during the second half of the Twentieth century. In this period alternatives to oil, such as nuclear and solar power, were developed, often with the aid of many actors with roots in the already established oil regime. To preserve the agency of these many individual actors within the broader framework of energy transitions offered by the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP), this paper argues for the inclusion of (generational) cohort theory from the social sciences. Using cohort theory helps us better understand the agency the multi-facetted careers of the studied (oil) actors, often leading them through the revolving door between the political landscape, the existing oil regime, and the new technological niches of solar and nuclear energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104112"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heating up the energy transition: Comparing energy justice and energy decision-making in individual and collective heating systems to support a just heat transition","authors":"Vanja Djinlev , BinBin J. Pearce","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores how individual and collective heating systems influence citizen agency and energy justice in the heat transition. Drawing on interviews with stakeholders knowledgeable about or involved in these systems across eight European countries, we examine how different types of heating systems influence energy decision-making capabilities and justice outcomes. Combining the Energy Justice Decision-Making Framework with the Capability Approach, we analyze differences in availability, affordability, due process, good governance, sustainability, equity, and responsibility.</div><div>Our findings reveal that collective heating systems, while limiting individual autonomy, offer advantages in efficiency, affordability, and environmental sustainability. Their centralized management and economies of scale may support the integration of local renewable energy sources and can protect vulnerable populations from energy poverty, thus advancing distributive justice. However, realizing these benefits requires transparent governance and citizen-inclusive processes.</div><div>In contrast, individual heating systems provide greater autonomy and flexibility, allowing households to tailor solutions to their preferences and financial circumstances. Yet this decentralization can lead to operational inefficiencies and fragmented efforts, which may slow down the pace of the heat transition. Additionally, high upfront costs for sustainable technologies may exacerbate inequalities, particularly for low-income households.</div><div>This study identifies justice gaps across both system types and highlights the trade-offs between autonomy and equity. We argue for institutional adaptation and regulatory innovation to enable capability-sensitive, socio-technical arrangements that support inclusive, sustainable heat transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104132"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Too hot to handle? Governance, markets, and the slow burn of geothermal energy in Taiwan","authors":"Chun-Po Hsieh , Yuwen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite significant resource potential and ambitious targets, geothermal energy development in Taiwan remains limited. This study applies the Technological Innovation System (TIS) framework to examine why diffusion has stalled, using process analysis and stakeholder interviews. Findings reveal that weak market incentives, high costs, regulatory barriers, and social resistance, especially in Indigenous areas, have created a proto-virtuous cycle where progress is sustained but insufficient for large-scale adoption. The study introduces this concept to explain incomplete innovation dynamics and proposes policy reforms, including risk sharing, streamlined governance, and inclusive stakeholder engagement. These insights highlight the need to align policy, market, and social factors to advance geothermal energy in Taiwan and inform similar energy transitions elsewhere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of everyday temporality: A practice-based approach in understanding energy peak (in)flexibility","authors":"Pui Ting Sahin , Henrike Rau","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the temporality of everyday practices—the root of peak energy demand—has been recognized as an essential but overlooked step in the quest to mitigate energy peaks. To address this gap, this study uses a practice-based approach to quantitatively assess how the temporalities of people's everyday practices contribute to their (in)flexibility to shift energy-intensive practices outside of energy peaks and, by extension, engage in peak-shaving demand-side response measures. Applying a novel combination of sequence analysis, cluster analysis, and an inflexibility index to American Time Use Survey data, we distinguish between time-flexible and time-inflexible groups and identify institutional and family rhythms as key causes of inflexibility. Groups tied to complex schedules arising from institutional and/or domestic pacers are found to be under higher time constraints, having little or no flexibility to adjust the timing of their activities. To cater for this lack of flexibility, we argue for targeted, and temporality-sensitive demand-side response and invisible peak-shaving measures like flexible working hour as better alternatives for achieving more effective and equitable energy peak shaving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104075"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructing energy futures: Lessons from Reflexive Public Reason in China and Taiwan","authors":"Tadeusz Józef Rudek","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the application of Reflexive Public Reason (RPR) and the Capturing Invisible Protocol (CIP) in addressing the complexities of energy transitions in China and Taiwan. RPR is a framework that emphasizes reflexivity, co-production and the critical role of imaginaries in shaping energy policy and managing uncertainty and risk. Through a comparative analysis of energy transitions in China and Taiwan, the study highlights sociotechnical imaginaries (STI) and civic epistemologies that guide their approaches to managing uncertainty and risk. As a result, this paper identifies two models of managing uncertainty and risk, China's flexible experimentation model and Taiwan's internally diverse civic epistemology. Building on this comparative dimension, I offer valuable insights for energy transitions around the world and the relationship between different visions of the future, risks and uncertainties, and resilience. Lessons from Chinese and Taiwanese energy transitions can be used as case studies of how resilience to the unknown in energy transitions can be approached differently. I argue that increasing awareness of the relationships between imaginaries, uncertainties, and risks by incorporating reflexivity into energy policy can help to increase resilience of energy transition. Furthermore, this paper argues for the adoption of CIP to systematically map visions, expert knowledge, and governance models. This paper contributes to the discussion on how the energy transition can be governed in different sociopolitical orders and shaped by different sociotechnical imaginaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 104091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}