International Journal of Drug Policy最新文献

{"title":"Haven't I waited long enough? The role of wait times and subjective impairment in cannabis-related driving behavior","authors":"Ayelet Har-Even ,&nbsp;Nehama Lewis ,&nbsp;Hadar Eliash-Fizik ,&nbsp;Sharon R. Sznitman","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) poses a significant public health threat. This study explores DUIC through a multifaceted lens, examining correlates of various wait times between cannabis use and driving, subjective perceptions of impairment, and differences between medical and non-medical cannabis users.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Cross-sectional data from 979 cannabis users in Israel were collected through an online survey. DUIC risk was measured using reported wait times (categorized as low, moderate, and high risk) and driving while feeling cannabis effects. Logistic and multinomial regression identified correlates of DUIC risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>23 % of the respondents drove within two hours of use (high risk), 37 % waited 3 to 6 h (moderate risk), and 40 % waited over 7 h (low risk). Multinomial regression showed that being male (RRR = 2.11, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), having a medical cannabis license (RRR = 4.14, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), more frequent cannabis and alcohol co-use (RRR = 1.18, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and more frequent cannabis use (RRR = 1.21, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were associated with moderate risk compared to low risk. Being male (RRR = 1.89, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and reporting higher cannabis use frequency (RRR = 1.70, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) was associated with high DUIC risk. Cannabis use frequency was a significant predictor of subjective DUIC (AOR = 1.26, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings highlight the need for targeted prevention efforts, particularly for male and frequent cannabis users. The complex relationship between medical cannabis use and DUIC risk warrants further investigation to inform evidence-based policies and interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives from a web survey of mainly small-scale cannabis growers in 18 countries.","authors":"Simon Lenton, Gary Potter, Davide Fortin, Ashely Granville, Jodie Grigg, Eric Sevigny, Chris Wilkins, Tom Decorte, Monica Barratt","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is emerging recognition of the risks of harmful chemical pesticides, fertilizers and 'nutrients' by cannabis growers. One group of chemicals, Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs), many of which have been banned from food crops for decades, have been found unlisted in a number of fertilizers and supplements marketed at cannabis growers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper predominately uses data from a 2020-21 convenience web survey of mainly small-scale, recent (last 5yrs) cannabis growers from 18 countries (n = 11,479). We describe their growing practices and use of chemicals and employ logistic regression to explore predictors of chemical use. We also compare chemical use in our 2020-21 sample with that from our 2012-13 data in the 3 countries (Australia, Denmark, UK) where respondents were asked about their use of growing chemicals in both surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2020-21, 26 % of recent cannabis growers reported use of chemicals. Growers who were at highest odds of using chemicals were male, older, living in urban/cities, not growing for environmental reasons, growing in order to sell, growing where they believed cannabis was legal, and growing under artificial light in soil or non-soil media. We found significant reductions in the proportions of our samples who reported using chemical fertilizers in the 3 countries where we collected data in both waves.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Growers using soil and artificial light comprised over half of all the chemical users in the sample. Efforts at informing and educating growers about the problems of chemical fertilizer, nutrient and pesticide use should include all growers including those who grow in soil under artificial light. Possible explanations for the apparent decrease in chemical use from our 2012-13 to 2020-21 samples are discussed. Stricter regulation of the legal cannabis fertilizer market is required to empower growers to reduce the toxicity of cannabis they grow, distribute and consume.</p>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":" ","pages":"104662"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National impact of a constraining regulatory framework on pregabalin dispensations in France, 2020–2022","authors":"Julia de Ternay ,&nbsp;Claire Meley ,&nbsp;Patrick Guerin ,&nbsp;Sébastien Meige ,&nbsp;Nicolas Grelaud ,&nbsp;Benjamin Rolland ,&nbsp;Mathieu Chappuy","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pregabalin is a drug approved for neuropathic pain, epilepsy and general anxiety disorder. However, pregabalin is also an increasing cause of diversion and misuse, and, for this reason, the French health authorities have decided in 2021 to classify it as a narcotic drug, requiring secured prescription pads. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of this measure on pregabalin dispensation patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from a national representative sample of 12,690 French community pharmacies, we assessed the impact of the new regulatory framework, implemented in June 2021, on the total monthly quantity of pregabalin dispensed by conducting an interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis. We built a counterfactual model to predict what would have happened without the intervention. We conducted the same analyses in the subsample of pregabalin dispensations exceeding the maximum recommended dosage of 600 mg per day. Additionally, we compared (1) the number of pregabalin dispensations (2) the co-dispensing of opioids and/or benzodiazepines one year before and one year after the regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the regulatory change, there was an immediate and significant drop of 38,475,375 mg (95 %CI [-66,931,799 mg; -10,018,951 mg] in pregabalin dispensations. This decline continued in the following months, with a decrease of 4,788,107 mg (95 %CI: [-8,888,326 mg; -687,888 mg] per month. The counterfactual model predicted that, without the intervention, there would have been no notable change in pregabalin dispensations. The ITS analyses showed no significant change in pregabalin dispensations following the new regulation for the subsample with doses exceeding 600 mg per day. Concurrently, there was a significant decrease in co-dispensing of opioids (18.4 % pre-regulation versus 11.6 % post-regulation, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and benzodiazepines (21.4 % pre-regulation versus 11.7 % post-regulation, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The constraining regulation adopted in 2021 by the French health authorities significantly curtailed total pregabalin dispensing in community pharmacies. Our findings underscore the importance of regulatory measures to limit the misuse of a prescribed medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suboptimal uptake and placement of a mandatory alcohol pregnancy warning label in Australia","authors":"Tazman Davies ,&nbsp;Paula O'Brien ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Bowden ,&nbsp;Bella Sträuli ,&nbsp;Asad Yusoff ,&nbsp;Michelle Jongenelis ,&nbsp;Alexandra Jones ,&nbsp;Aimee Brownbill ,&nbsp;Tanya Chikritzhs ,&nbsp;Julia Stafford ,&nbsp;Simone Pettigrew","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mandatory pregnancy warning labels are an important public health measure to signal the harms of drinking alcohol during pregnancy. Ensuring these labels are salient is critical to enhancing their effectiveness. On 31 July 2020, Australia mandated that alcoholic beverages labelled from 1 August 2023 display a pregnancy warning label. This study assessed uptake and placement of this warning on alcohol containers after the policy start date.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between August and November 2023, data collectors obtained images of 4026 unique alcoholic beverages available for sale across four major Australian alcohol retailers in Sydney (three physical stores and one online store). Product images were investigated to assess overall uptake of the mandatory pregnancy warning label and its placement on products (i.e., front, side, back, top, or bottom). Analyses were conducted overall and stratified across six alcohol product categories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-thirds (63 %) of products displayed the mandatory pregnancy warning label. Uptake was lowest for spirits (50 %), followed by wine (65 %), cider (79 %), premix drinks (79 %), beer (83 %), and other alcoholic beverages (e.g., sake and soju) (91 %). The mandatory pregnancy warning label was most commonly located on the back (88 %) and less commonly on the side (8 %), bottom (3 %), top (1 %), or front (0.3 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To increase uptake of the mandatory pregnancy warning label, policymakers should consider mandating that all alcoholic beverages available for sale, not just products labelled from 1 August 2023, display the warning. Existing requirements could be revised to ensure that the label is more prominently displayed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does climate change impact people who use alcohol and other drugs? A scoping review of peer reviewed literature","authors":"Sarah MacLean ,&nbsp;Julia de Nicola ,&nbsp;Kimberlea Cooper ,&nbsp;Heather Downey ,&nbsp;Jacqui Theobald ,&nbsp;Lisa de Kleyn ,&nbsp;Todd Denham ,&nbsp;Eleanor Costello ,&nbsp;Lauren Rickards","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The world has experienced devastating extreme weather events, alongside slow-onset processes including increasing temperature means, that scientists agree are manifestations of human-induced climate change. Even with radical action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, effects of climate change will become increasingly severe.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this review was to classify impacts of climate change for people who use alcohol and other drugs (AoD), as reflected in peer reviewed literature.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted to achieve this. Included studies involved a human population, a climate change related exposure, and an AoD outcome. Studies were published in English between 1998 and November 2023. Exposure events of interest included extreme heat, fires, storms, floods, droughts, and longer-term environmental changes. 8,204 studies were screened, with 82 included for data extraction and narrative analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most papers describe increased AoD use, with smaller numbers showing decreased or unchanged substance use. Some studies identify unplanned withdrawal, changed drug markets, disrupted service access, specific physiological vulnerabilities of AoD users to extreme heat, and compounding effects on mental health. We note the relative absence of peer reviewed studies investigating impacts of climate change on AoD use in low-and middle-income countries. Further, few studies consider impacts that occur because of long-term or gradual climatic shifts such as environmental changes that are detrimental to livelihoods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is crucial to document effects of a changing climate on people who use AoD so that policy and services can meet future needs. We call for research to remedy gaps identified in this review.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increases in employment over six months following Khanya: A secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer-delivered behavioral intervention for substance use and HIV medication adherence in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"Jennifer M. Belus ,&nbsp;Kristen S. Regenauer ,&nbsp;Thanh Lu ,&nbsp;Sean M. Murphy ,&nbsp;Alexandra L. Rose ,&nbsp;Yvonne Akinyi Ochieng ,&nbsp;John Joska ,&nbsp;Sybil Majokweni ,&nbsp;Lena S. Andersen ,&nbsp;Bronwyn Myers ,&nbsp;Steven A. Safren ,&nbsp;Jessica F. Magidson","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Evidence suggests that brief, skills-based behavioral interventions are effective at improving clinical outcomes related to substance use and HIV, but little data exists on whether such interventions can incidentally improve employment. We examined preliminary changes in employment over six months following <em>Khanya</em>, a brief peer-delivered behavioral intervention to reduce substance use and improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence compared to enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adults living with HIV (<em>N</em> = 61) with at least moderate substance use and ART non-adherence were recruited from a primary care clinic in Khayelitsha, South Africa, a community with high rates of unemployment. Participants were randomized 1:1 to <em>Khanya</em> versus ETAU and assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-months. Employment was categorized as unemployed, casually, or full-time employed. Multilevel modeling was used to predict log odds and probability of categorical employment status over time, by arm.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, 78.7% of the sample were unemployed, 16.4% were casually employed, and 4.9% were employed full-time. There was a significant increase in employment in both treatment arms at 3-months (<em>p</em> = 0.03) but only the <em>Khanya</em> arm demonstrated significant increases at 6-months (<em>p</em> = 0.02). At 6-months, 59% of participants in <em>Khanya</em> had any employment (from 13% at baseline), compared to 38% in ETAU (from 29% at baseline).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Study data suggest a brief behavioral intervention for substance use and ART adherence may support employment among people with HIV living in a resource-constrained community. However, future research with larger sample sizes and longer-term follow ups is needed to replicate these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03529409. Trial registered on May 18, 2018</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104632"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The criminal careers of Australian drug traffickers","authors":"Don Weatherburn ,&nbsp;Michael Farrell ,&nbsp;Wai-Yin Wan ,&nbsp;Sara Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Very few studies have examined the criminal careers of drug traffickers. Our aim in this study was to determine (a) the percentage of drug traffickers who cease involvement in crime following their first conviction for drug trafficking, (b) the factors that affect the likelihood and speed of re-offending among drug traffickers, (c) the factors that affect the rate of reoffending among drug traffickers and (d) the scale of drug trafficker involvement in crimes other than drug trafficking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We characterize the criminal careers of a sample of 30,020 cases of offenders convicted of drug trafficking in New South Wales (NSW), Australia over the 29-year period between 2000 and 2023, focussing on how drug charge, trafficker type, and drug and alcohol use affect the risk and frequency of offending. We use a combination of descriptive statistics, cure fraction regression and negative binomial regression. Our controls in the regression analyses consist of age, age of first conviction and number of prior convictions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ‘cure’ rate among males aged 30–39 who were first convicted between 19 and 35 years of age, whose principal offence is trafficking in a non-commercial quantity of heroin, who have three prior convictions and who score ‘moderate’ in terms of the LSI-R drug/alcohol scale is 31 per cent. The instantaneous risk of re-offending among ATS, heroin, cannabis and ecstasy traffickers ranges between 62 and 82 per cent higher than among cocaine traffickers. Convicted drug traffickers commit a wide variety of offences but only a small proportion are convicted of drug offences before or after their first conviction for drug trafficking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study raises two important questions for future research. The first concerns whether those involved in drug trafficking in Australia rely on it as a primary source of income or whether it is just one of several income-generating criminal activities they switch between in the course of a criminal career. The second question is why there are such marked differences in the risk, speed and frequency of offending among traffickers of different drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cannabis cultivation and use in 18 countries.","authors":"Bernd Werse, Gerrit Kamphausen, Thomas Friis Søgaard, Daniel Bear, Martin Audran, Chris Wilkins, Gary Potter, Davide Fortin, Pekka Hakkarainen, Rita Faria, Jorge Quintas, Jodie Grigg, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Monica J Barratt","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying measures to mitigate infection affected many areas of society, including the supply and use of cannabis. This paper explored how patterns of behaviour among people who cultivate cannabis were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous web survey of people who cultivated cannabis was conducted from Aug 2020 to Sep 2021, spanning 18 countries and 11 languages (N = 11,479). Descriptive statistics and mean comparison tests were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most cannabis growers reported that their practices were relatively unaffected by the COVID-related restrictions. While 35.2 % reported difficulties buying cannabis from their usual dealer, <10 % stated that access to materials needed for growing was impaired during the pandemic. Over one-quarter (28.2 %) of respondents increased their cannabis use and 21.4 % also increased cannabis cultivation (more than twice as many as those who said they were growing less or not anymore) while COVID restrictions were in place. People who lost their job or were casually employed were more likely to increase use and cultivation. Overall, the pandemic had little impact on reasons for growing, however, difficulties obtaining cannabis were mentioned as the most prevalent COVID-19-related growing motive. A small number (16 %) reported starting their growing activity during the pandemic. Italian and Portuguese growers were more likely to report shortages in supply and increases in their growing activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is the first to document an increase in cannabis cultivation activity following COVID restrictions. Increased home cultivation was not only driven by higher use as a result of home isolation, but also by disruptions of wider illegal cannabis supply. Limitations of this study include the non-representativeness of the sample as well as differences in approaches and duration of restrictions in different countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":" ","pages":"104652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“No penalties. No arrests. No jails”: Perspectives on drug decriminalization among people who inject drugs in Sydney","authors":"George Christopher Dertadian,&nbsp;Vicki Sentas","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The decriminalization of drug possession in varied forms is gaining some traction around the world. Yet prospects for people with lived and living experience of drug use to influence the direction of drug law and policy reform remains bound by stigma and exclusion. This study considers the aspirations for decriminalization of people who inject drugs through 20 semi-structured qualitative interviews with the clients of the Sydney injecting centre. What does decriminalization mean for those most criminalised by drug law and policy? The study found that participants' views of what is possible for decriminalization are mediated by the same structures and experiences of criminalization, incarceration and exclusion that has disrupted their lives. Participants anticipate the need to mobilise incremental and partial changes associated with de facto models, including fines, increased police discretion (and therefore power) and treatment orders. At the same time, participants collective imaginary also exceeds the limits of a police-controlled depenalization. We document people's claims on a future drug policy that speaks to a world without criminal drug offences, punitive controls and the exclusion of people who use drugs from the policy table.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling the overdose crisis through unionization a response to Rivera & Friedman (2024)","authors":"Abdullah Shihipar,&nbsp;Brandon D.L. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48364,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Drug Policy","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104659"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}