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Does urbanization cause crime? Evidence from rural–urban migration in South Africa 城市化会导致犯罪吗？来自南非农村向城市迁移的证据
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103787
Nelly Exbrayat, Victor Stephane
{"title":"Does urbanization cause crime? Evidence from rural–urban migration in South Africa","authors":"Nelly Exbrayat,&nbsp;Victor Stephane","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the impact of urbanization driven by internal migration on crime in South Africa. We create a new dataset that combines yearly data on crime and urban population density at the municipality level from 2011 to 2018. We exploit exogenous variations in rural–urban migration induced by climate shocks at origin for identification. We show that higher urban population density leads to a reduction in pecuniary crime rate but has no effect on non-pecuniary crime rate. This negative effect operates through changes in population composition and a social network effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"149 ","pages":"Article 103787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Where the rubber meets the road: Pavement damage reduces traffic safety and speed 橡胶与道路相遇的地方：路面损坏会降低交通安全和速度
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103786
Margaret Bock , Alexander Cardazzi , Brad R. Humphreys
{"title":"Where the rubber meets the road: Pavement damage reduces traffic safety and speed","authors":"Margaret Bock ,&nbsp;Alexander Cardazzi ,&nbsp;Brad R. Humphreys","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road maintenance constitutes a significant component of transportation spending at all levels of government. Formulation of an efficient transportation infrastructure policy requires information about factors affecting road and traffic conditions. We generate the first causal evidence that decreasing pavement quality increases vehicle crash rates and decreases average speed. Results from parallel segment and instrumental variable models using spatially and temporally disaggregated data from Federal-Aid Highway System (FAHS) roads in California show statistically and economically significant increases in vehicle crash rates and decreases in average vehicle speed caused by road damage. These results produce a range of effect sizes that exceed those using standard road quality data. The results imply significant increases in social costs attributable to road damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"149 ","pages":"Article 103786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “The role of agents in fraudulent activities: Evidence from the housing market in Beijing” [Journal of Urban Economics, Volume 142, July 2024, 103668] “中介在欺诈活动中的作用：来自北京房地产市场的证据”的勘误表[城市经济学杂志]，第142卷，2024年7月，103668]
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103782
Sumit Agarwal , Weida Kuang , Long Wang , Yang Yang
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The role of agents in fraudulent activities: Evidence from the housing market in Beijing” [Journal of Urban Economics, Volume 142, July 2024, 103668]","authors":"Sumit Agarwal ,&nbsp;Weida Kuang ,&nbsp;Long Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"149 ","pages":"Article 103782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
You can’t sit with us: How locals and tourists compete for amenities in Paris 你不能和我们坐在一起：当地人和游客如何争夺巴黎的便利设施
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103773
Vladimir Avetian , Stefan Pauly
{"title":"You can’t sit with us: How locals and tourists compete for amenities in Paris","authors":"Vladimir Avetian ,&nbsp;Stefan Pauly","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tourism in cities fosters social interactions between people from distant cultures within limited space. But how does the influx of tourists affect locals’ satisfaction with amenities? Using data on restaurant reviews, we construct a panel of tourist presence in Paris. Based on two unanticipated drops in tourism – the November 2015 terrorist attack and the COVID-19 pandemic – we show that tourism reduces Parisians’ satisfaction with restaurants. We find that social frictions, including xenophobia towards tourists, drive our results. As tourist numbers declined, explicit complaints about tourists in reviews decreased, while other complaints remained unaffected. Locals are least satisfied with dining among tourists from countries with weak social ties to France. Tourists are not affected by the presence of other tourists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 103773"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Did cities increase skills during industrialization? Evidence from rural-urban migration 城市在工业化过程中提高了技能吗？从农村向城市迁移的证据
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103772
Jonatan Andersson , Jakob Molinder
{"title":"Did cities increase skills during industrialization? Evidence from rural-urban migration","authors":"Jonatan Andersson ,&nbsp;Jakob Molinder","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The process of industrialization is typically associated with urbanization and a large urban-rural gap in productivity and skills. To what extent were these disparities driven by the direct impact on occupational attainment of living in an urban area or the result of the positive self-selection of migrants moving to cities? In this paper, we leverage exceptional Swedish longitudinal data that allow us to estimate the impact of rural-urban migration on occupational attainment during Sweden’s industrialization from the 1880s to the 1930s using a staggered treatment difference-in-differences estimator. We attribute roughly half of the urban premium to a direct impact of living in an urban area, whereas the other half is driven by self-selection into cities. A third of the direct impact of residing in cities is explained by a static effect, reflecting the urban advantage, while the rest is the result of a dynamic effect as individuals move into higher-skilled occupations over time in urban areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 103772"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tenant rights, eviction, and rent affordability 租户权利，驱逐和租金负担能力
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103762
N. Edward Coulson , Thao Le , Victor Ortego-Marti , Lily Shen
{"title":"Tenant rights, eviction, and rent affordability","authors":"N. Edward Coulson ,&nbsp;Thao Le ,&nbsp;Victor Ortego-Marti ,&nbsp;Lily Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use state-level differences in landlord-tenant laws to estimate their impact on rental housing affordability. We construct a Tenant Rights Index (TRI) spanning 1997 to 2016 to assess its effects on eviction rates and rental market outcomes. Increased TRI correlates with higher median rent, higher rent-value ratio, and increased homelessness. To rationalize our findings, we develop a search and matching model of the rental market with free entry of both landlords and tenants, and an endogenous eviction mechanism. In our environment, more stringent eviction regulations reduce evictions and raise the relative demand for housing. However, stricter regulations also lead to higher rents and lower vacancy rates. We calibrate the model to the US rental market to quantitatively assess the mechanism in our model. An increase in eviction costs has a larger impact on the eviction rate and market tightness, with a relatively smaller effect on rents and vacancy rates. Our findings suggest that while stringent regulations may reduce evictions, they could lead to unintended consequences such as inflated house prices and heightened homelessness. Policymakers must carefully balance these potential drawbacks against the goal of tenant protection to avoid exacerbating existing housing affordability challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When does crime respond to punishment?: Evidence from drug-free school zones 什么时候犯罪对惩罚有反应？来自无毒学区的证据
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103763
Robert Gonzalez , Ranae Jabri , Sarah Komisarow
{"title":"When does crime respond to punishment?: Evidence from drug-free school zones","authors":"Robert Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Ranae Jabri ,&nbsp;Sarah Komisarow","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Economic theory suggests that crime should respond to punishment severity. However, empirical evidence on this link is ambiguous. We propose one explanation for this discrepancy: Punishments deter crime but only when the probability of detection is moderate. Using increases in punishment severity in drug-free school zones along with changes in the probability of detection resulting from a community crime-monitoring program, we demonstrate that drug-related crime drops in blocks just within the drug-free school zones, where punishments are more severe, but only if the monitoring intensity – and hence the probability of detection – is at intermediate levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why do right to carry laws increase violence? Effects on gun theft and clearance rates 为什么携带权法会增加暴力？对枪支盗窃和清除率的影响
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103761
John J. Donohue , Samuel V. Cai , Matthew V. Bondy , Philip J. Cook
{"title":"Why do right to carry laws increase violence? Effects on gun theft and clearance rates","authors":"John J. Donohue ,&nbsp;Samuel V. Cai ,&nbsp;Matthew V. Bondy ,&nbsp;Philip J. Cook","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the 1970s most state restrictions on carrying handguns in public have been eased or eliminated. Several of the early impact evaluations of these changes tended to support the belief that laws that facilitated gun carrying by private citizens deterred violent crime (while possibly increasing property crime). But more recent studies of the impacts of right to carry (RTC) laws conclude that the net effect is to increase state-level violent-crime rates relative to more restrictive regimes. This finding implies that the deterrence mechanism is swamped by other mechanisms, but there has been little evidence on which ones are important in practice. Using a novel data set of 217 large cities over 41 years, we confirm that violent crime increases following RTC adoption. We then document two mechanisms that may account for this result, finding a 50 percent increase in gun theft and a 9-18 percent reduction in violent crime clearance rates. Further analysis of city-level heterogeneity in RTC-induced effects is consistent with the hypothesis that gun theft is a likely cause of the RTC-induced increase in violent crime and more tentative evidence points to clearance as a potential driver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tax policy and the heterogeneous costs of homeownership 税收政策和房屋所有权的异质性成本
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103750
Kelly C. Bishop , Jakob Dowling , Nicolai V. Kuminoff , Alvin D. Murphy
{"title":"Tax policy and the heterogeneous costs of homeownership","authors":"Kelly C. Bishop ,&nbsp;Jakob Dowling ,&nbsp;Nicolai V. Kuminoff ,&nbsp;Alvin D. Murphy","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The real economic cost of homeownership depends on an intricate system of taxes and subsides that vary over time and across the United States. We incorporate the key features of this system into a framework for measuring the annual user cost of housing and we use it to document how housing costs and subsidies varied over time, across space, and with household demographics in 2016–2017. Then we examine how the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 subsequently reduced subsidies and increased the relative cost of housing. We report how these changes varied by geography, homeownership, race, income, and voting behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103750"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of water filtration on cholera mortality 水过滤对霍乱死亡率的影响
IF 5.7 1区 经济学
Journal of Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103752
Daniel Knutsson
{"title":"The effect of water filtration on cholera mortality","authors":"Daniel Knutsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2025.103752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how water filtration and distribution helped reduce mortality during a cholera outbreak. Using household water contract records and individual mortality data, I analyze the impact of filtered water with an event study approach. The results show that having access to filtered water at home greatly reduced the risk of death. This suggests that water filtration and distribution were key public health measures in lowering mortality from waterborne diseases in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Improvements in urban water systems could have played a major role in the decline of cholera outbreaks and mortality during this period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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