Martín Besfamille , Diego A. Jorrat , Osmel Manzano , Bernardo F. Quiroga , Pablo Sanguinetti
{"title":"How do subnational governments react to shocks to different revenue sources? Evidence from hydrocarbon-producing provinces in Argentina","authors":"Martín Besfamille , Diego A. Jorrat , Osmel Manzano , Bernardo F. Quiroga , Pablo Sanguinetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2023.103558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the fiscal regime that prevailed in Argentina from 1988 to 2003, we estimate the effects of changes in intergovernmental transfers and hydrocarbon royalties on provincial public consumption and debt. Whenever intergovernmental transfers increase, all provinces primarily increase public consumption and, to a lesser extent, decrease their debt. However, when hydrocarbon-producing provinces experienced an increase in royalties, they saved the entire increase. We provide evidence that the exhaustible nature of royalties may explain this saving reaction in hydrocarbon-producing provinces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103558"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49870800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JUE Insight: The impact of the school admission restriction policy on the housing market in Shanghai","authors":"Kangzhe Ding, Ryo Itoh","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2023.103568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the influence of a regulation of informal school choice on the housing market in Shanghai to estimate the significance of loopholes in the school district system. The policy limited the priority for enrollment in a public elementary schools given to house owners in the school's district so that each housing property is given only one priority every five years; hence, informal acquisition of priorities through frequent resale of houses is limited. From the dataset of individual housing prices in Shanghai, we show that house price<span> within the school districts of good schools increases after the policy. In contrast, house price decreases in areas that are neighboring the school but outside its school district because they are called “babysitting communities” and provide houses to live in for households who resell their houses earlier than graduation of their children. We also implement event study analysis to estimate time-varying influences of the policy, to show that the significant price increase occurs immediately after the policy implementation and shrinks a little in the short run.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103568"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49870801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel M.B. Atkins , Pablo Hernández-Lagos , Cristian Jara-Figueroa , Robert Seamans
{"title":"JUE Insight: What is the impact of opportunity zones on job postings?","authors":"Rachel M.B. Atkins , Pablo Hernández-Lagos , Cristian Jara-Figueroa , Robert Seamans","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the effect of Opportunity Zones (OZs) on job postings using data comprising the near-universe of U.S. online job postings. The OZs program grants tax breaks for investment in designated distressed communities, nominated by each state’s governor based on multiple factors. We use propensity score matching to account for those factors and a difference-in-differences model over the matched sample to estimate the effect of the program. We find limited evidence of any effect of OZs on job postings on average, although we do find small positive effects in urban areas, in areas with above median Black population, and in some states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103545"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49273940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The long shadow of local decline: Birthplace economic adversity and long-term individual outcomes in the UK","authors":"Andrew McNeil , Davide Luca , Neil Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Does growing up in a high-economic adversity area matter for individual economic, cultural, and political views? Despite a significant focus upon the effect of birthplace on economic outcomes, there is less evidence on how local economic conditions at birth shape individual attitudes over the long-term. This paper links the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) from English and Welsh respondents with historic localised information on unemployment, our measure of economic adversity. Our results, which control for composition effects, family background, and sorting of people across places, show that being born into a high-unemployment Local Authority has a significant, long-term impact on individuals. Birthplace matters beyond economic outcomes, as being born into a Local Authority of high unemployment makes individuals believe in more government intervention in jobs, less progressive on gender issues, and less likely to support the Conservative Party.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103571"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42935923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JUE Insight: Immigrants, social transfers for education, and spatial interactions","authors":"Massimiliano Ferraresi","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2021.103423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2021.103423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper exploits the increase in immigrants from new European member states to test for the presence of strategic interactions in the municipal allocation of social transfers targeted at education services. The results of this analysis, conducted on all Italian municipalities over the 2003–2015 period, point to the presence of spatial interactions between neighbouring municipalities and indicate that this mimicking is more pronounced in municipalities guided by mayors who can be re-elected, in electoral years compared to other years of the term, in municipalities where a higher share of low-income households live, and in municipalities characterized by low levels of social and civic capital.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103423"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49870803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cities and productivity: Evidence from 16 Latin American and Caribbean countries","authors":"Luis E. Quintero , Mark Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2023.103573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the roles of agglomeration economies and human capital externalities in accounting for productivity variations across sub-national areas in 16 Latin American and Caribbean countries. We estimate positive elasticities of productivity with respect to density. While heterogeneity exists across countries, the estimated agglomeration elasticities for the region are comparable to those estimated in the literature for high-income countries. Including human capital measures reduces the estimated agglomeration elasticities for several countries in our sample. We also find that human capital externalities play a stronger role in explaining spatial productivity differentials than agglomeration economies in the region. By providing comparable estimates of the strength of agglomeration economies and human capital externalities for many non-high-income countries, the paper considerably expands knowledge on the determinants of urban productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103573"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49870860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catarina Branco , Dirk C. Dohse , João Pereira dos Santos , José Tavares
{"title":"Nobody’s gonna slow me down? The effects of a transportation cost shock on firm performance and behavior","authors":"Catarina Branco , Dirk C. Dohse , João Pereira dos Santos , José Tavares","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the firm-level responses to a substantial increase in transportation costs in the wake of a quasi-experiment that introduced tolls in a subset of Portuguese highways. Exploiting a unique dataset encompassing the universe of Portuguese private firms, we find that the introduction of tolls caused a substantial decrease in turnover (<span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>10.2</mn></mrow></math></span>%) and productivity (<span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4.3</mn></mrow></math></span>%) in treated firms <em>vis-à-vis</em> firms in the comparison group. In response to the tolls, firms substantially cut employment-related expenses and purchases of other inputs. Labor costs were reduced by both employment cuts and a decrease in average wages. While firms did not increase inventory, there is some evidence for increased firm exit, in particular by firms in tradables sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 103569"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41648957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highways and segregation","authors":"Avichal Mahajan","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the impact of the Interstate Highway System, constructed between 1950 and 1990 in the United States (US), on racial segregation. To provide causal estimates, I use the 1947 plan of the Interstate Highway System, a variant of the 1947 plan that connects city center pairs in this plan through shortest-distance and exploration routes in the 16th-19th century, as the instruments for actual highways built. Empirical results from census tracts in the US show that the construction of highways led to sorting along racial lines. I find strong evidence of heterogeneous effects based on the initial black population. I do not find any impact of highways on neighborhoods which have a lower share of initial black population. However, there is an increase in the share of the black population for neighborhoods located in close proximity to highways, and which have a higher share of the initial black population. This increase is driven by the white population moving out and black population moving into these neighborhoods. I demonstrate that whites that moved out of neighborhoods, now commute to work, made possible due to access provided by highways. These residents were on average better educated and had a higher income than the residents moving into the neighborhoods. The reasons for this movement are disamenities emanating from highways, and racial preferences for social interactions. Finally, I show that this relationship between highways and segregation is also observed at the aggregate level. Empirical estimates indicate that one new highway passing through the central city leads to 0.02 units increase in the dissimilarity index for the metropolitan area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 103574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094119023000438/pdfft?md5=103f3c070976279af07f604a8e5ec842&pid=1-s2.0-S0094119023000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49192069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of minimum income on homelessness: Evidence from France","authors":"Gedeão Locks , Josselin Thuilliez","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In France, childless adults younger than 25 face hard-to-meet eligibility conditions to enroll in the minimum income program. The restrictive requirements generate a “jump” in the number of recipients at ages around 25. We use a Regression Discontinuity (RD) design to assess the impact of the French minimum income program (RSA) on users of accommodation and meal distribution services. We find that the RSA benefit reduces the homelessness rate by 20% among young adults aged 22 to 27. This result is driven by new RSA recipients who have started paying partial rent to third parties, and the probability of becoming a regular tenant increases after age 26. We simulate the effects of lowering the program’s minimum age eligibility on the probability of being homeless. Our findings suggest that in programs directed at homeless individuals, around 60% of expenditures are offset by savings in social assistance costs to the homeless.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 103547"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48246235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of return migration on employment and wages in Mexican cities","authors":"Dario Diodato , Ricardo Hausmann , Frank Neffke","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jue.2023.103557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How does return migration from the US to Mexico affect local workers? Return migrants increase the local labor supply, potentially hurting local workers. However, having been exposed to a more advanced U.S. economy, they may also carry human capital that benefits non-migrants. Using an instrument based on involuntary return migration, we find that, whereas workers who share returnees’ occupations experience a fall in wages, workers in other occupations see their wages rise. These effects are, however, transitory and restricted to the city-industry receiving the returnees. In contrast, returnees permanently alter a city’s long-run industrial composition, by raising employment levels in the local industries that hire them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Economics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 103557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44391669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}