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Minimum Wages, Wages, and Price Pass-Through: The Case of McDonald’s Restaurants 最低工资、工资和价格传递:麦当劳餐厅的案例
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1086/718190
O. Ashenfelter, Š. Jurajda
{"title":"Minimum Wages, Wages, and Price Pass-Through: The Case of McDonald’s Restaurants","authors":"O. Ashenfelter, Š. Jurajda","doi":"10.1086/718190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718190","url":null,"abstract":"Based on 2016–20 hourly wage rates of McDonald’s basic crew and Big Mac prices collected simultaneously from almost all US McDonald’s, we find that in 25% of instances of minimum wage increases, restaurants keep constant their wage premium above the increasing minimum wage. Higher minimum wages are not associated with faster adoption of touch-screen ordering, and there is near-full price pass-through of minimum wages. Minimum wage hikes lead to increases in real wages (expressed as how many Big Macs 1 hour of basic crew work can buy) that are one-fifth lower than the corresponding increases in nominal wages.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"S179 - S201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48759126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Introduction to a Special Issue in Honor of Alan B. Krueger 艾伦·克鲁格纪念特刊简介
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1086/718434
David Card, Alexandre Mas
{"title":"Introduction to a Special Issue in Honor of Alan B. Krueger","authors":"David Card, Alexandre Mas","doi":"10.1086/718434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718434","url":null,"abstract":"Alan Krueger was one of the most prolific and influential economists of his generation. While his research extended into many different areas, including environmental economics,macroeconomics, and behavioral economics, he identifiedfirst and foremost as a “labor economist.”Hewas a labor economist par excellence, always pushing the field in a new (or long overlooked) direction while maintaining the highest standards for the quality and credibility of his empirical findings. The papers in this issue, written by his students and colleagues in labor economics, pay tribute to some of his major contributions to our field. Virtually every paper builds on one or more of Alan’s ideas. Alan earned his bachelor’s degree in industrial and labor relations from Cornell in 1983. His early education included classes in labor economics and statistics that informed his work throughout his career, including a deep appreciation of the value of original data. Thiswas reflected in the surveys at the heart of many of his best-known papers—including his studies of minimum wages (Katz and Krueger 1992; Card and Krueger 1994), twins (Ashenfelter and Krueger 1994), well-being (Kahneman et al. 2004), and wage posting (Hall and Krueger 2012)—and by his founding of the Survey Research Center at Princeton in 1993. Alan’s 1987 dissertation at Harvard focused on wage determination—a topic he returned to often. The first chapter, which was his job market paper and was later published in theQuarterly Journal of Economics (Krueger 1991), is remarkable for the bold simplicity of its design. Alan proposed to","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"S1 - S15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41641446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Childcare over the Business Cycle 商业周期中的儿童保育
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1086/718189
Jessica H. Brown, C. Herbst
{"title":"Childcare over the Business Cycle","authors":"Jessica H. Brown, C. Herbst","doi":"10.1086/718189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718189","url":null,"abstract":"We estimate the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the childcare market. We find that the industry is substantially more exposed to the business cycle than other low-wage industries and responds more strongly to negative shocks than positive ones. Indeed, childcare employment requires more time to recover than the rest of the economy. Although the reduction in supply may pose difficulties for parents, we find evidence that center quality is countercyclical. When unemployment rates are higher, childcare workers have on average higher levels of education and experience, turnover rates are lower, and consumer reviews on Yelp are higher.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"S429 - S468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48939410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Artificial Intelligence and Jobs: Evidence from Online Vacancies 人工智能与就业：来自网络招聘的证据
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1086/718327
D. Acemoglu, David Autor, J. Hazell, P. Restrepo
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Jobs: Evidence from Online Vacancies","authors":"D. Acemoglu, David Autor, J. Hazell, P. Restrepo","doi":"10.1086/718327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718327","url":null,"abstract":"We study the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on labor markets using establishment-level data on the near universe of online vacancies in the United States from 2010 onward. There is rapid growth in AI-related vacancies over 2010–18 that is driven by establishments whose workers engage in tasks compatible with AI’s current capabilities. As these AI-exposed establishments adopt AI, they simultaneously reduce hiring in non-AI positions and change the skill requirements of remaining postings. While visible at the establishment level, the aggregate impacts of AI-labor substitution on employment and wage growth in more exposed occupations and industries is currently too small to be detectable.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"S293 - S340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47011317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 59
The Consequences of Letter Grades for Labor Market Outcomes and Student Behavior 字母成绩对劳动力市场结果和学生行为的影响
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-23 DOI: 10.1086/719994
B. Tan
{"title":"The Consequences of Letter Grades for Labor Market Outcomes and Student Behavior","authors":"B. Tan","doi":"10.1086/719994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719994","url":null,"abstract":"I study the consequences of letter grades serving as coarse measures of academic achievement using university administrative data that record both the letter grade and the precise mark (0–100) received for each course that a given student takes. I exploit a regression discontinuity design with marks as the running variable. I find that receiving a better grade in a single class results in USD 32 greater monthly earnings after graduation, a 1.4% increase. I also find that marginal students who receive a worse grade take significantly easier courses and earn lower grades in future semesters.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"565 - 588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49457074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Network Connections and Board Seats: Are Female Networks Less Valuable? 网络连接和董事会席位:女性网络不那么有价值吗?
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1086/719965
Emma von Essen, N. Smith
{"title":"Network Connections and Board Seats: Are Female Networks Less Valuable?","authors":"Emma von Essen, N. Smith","doi":"10.1086/719965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719965","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how sizes of professional networks affect the probability of appointment to a supervisory board and whether the effect is gendered. Using an employer-employee data set of the Danish labor market, 1995–2011, we find larger networks to associate with a higher probability of becoming a first-time director. The effect is larger for men. One explanation is that men, compared with women, have more connections to larger and listed firms and to other males—attributes that increase the appointment probability. Women who have connections to incumbent directors before being appointed director have more labor market experience than other directors.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"323 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Optimal Allocation of Seats in the Presence of Peer Effects: Evidence from a Job Training Program 存在同伴效应的座位优化分配：来自就业培训计划的证据
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1086/719968
M. Baird, J. Engberg, Isaac M Opper
{"title":"Optimal Allocation of Seats in the Presence of Peer Effects: Evidence from a Job Training Program","authors":"M. Baird, J. Engberg, Isaac M Opper","doi":"10.1086/719968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719968","url":null,"abstract":"We model optimal treatment assignment in programs with a limited number of seats and study how the presence of peer effects impacts the optimal allocation rule. We then use data from a randomized control trial to show evidence that there are large peer effects in the context of job training for disadvantaged adults in the United States. Finally, we combine the model and the empirics to show that the program would have had a much greater impact if the assignment choices had accounted for the peer effects.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"479 - 509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43397340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Labor Market Discrimination against Family Responsibilities: A Correspondence Study with Policy Change in China 劳动力市场对家庭责任的歧视:与中国政策变迁的对应研究
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1086/719966
Haoran He, S. Li, Yuling Han
{"title":"Labor Market Discrimination against Family Responsibilities: A Correspondence Study with Policy Change in China","authors":"Haoran He, S. Li, Yuling Han","doi":"10.1086/719966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719966","url":null,"abstract":"China shifted its controversial one-child policy (1979–2015) to a two-child policy in 2016. We take advantage of this unexpected policy change and the heterogeneities in the prechange environment to investigate labor market discrimination against expected family responsibilities. In a two-wave correspondence study before and after the policy change, we sent 8,848 fictitious resumes with ages 22–29 in response to online job advertisements. Their gender and only-child/siblinged status were systematically varied. We find that women—but not men—are subject to labor market discrimination for expected family responsibilities. This discrimination worsens with the increase in women’s reproductive age.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"361 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42789112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Foreign Students in College and the Supply of STEM Graduates 大学外国留学生和STEM毕业生的供应
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1086/719964
M. Anelli, Kevin Shih, K. Williams
{"title":"Foreign Students in College and the Supply of STEM Graduates","authors":"M. Anelli, Kevin Shih, K. Williams","doi":"10.1086/719964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719964","url":null,"abstract":"Do foreign students affect the likelihood that domestic students obtain a STEM degree and occupation? Using administrative student records from a US university, we exploit idiosyncratic variation in the share of foreign classmates in introductory math classes and find that foreign classmates displace domestic students from STEM majors and occupations. However, displaced students gravitate toward high-earning social science majors, so their expected earnings are not penalized. We explore several mechanisms. Results indicate that displacement is concentrated in classes where foreign classmates possess weak English language ability, suggesting that diminished in-class communication and social interactions might play an important role.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"511 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41859828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
When the Stadium Goes Silent: How Crowds Affect the Performance of Discriminated Groups 当体育场变得安静：人群如何影响被歧视群体的表现
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1086/719967
M. Caselli, Paolo Falco, Gianpiero Mattera
{"title":"When the Stadium Goes Silent: How Crowds Affect the Performance of Discriminated Groups","authors":"M. Caselli, Paolo Falco, Gianpiero Mattera","doi":"10.1086/719967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719967","url":null,"abstract":"Using a natural experiment induced by COVID-19, we test how the sudden absence of fans at football games impacts player performance in Italy. We find that African players, who are most commonly targeted by racial harassment, play better when fans are no longer at the stadium. A similar, albeit weaker, effect is detected among black players. Using official records of racist behavior by fans, we show that performance improves the most on teams that were subject to abuse before the lockdown. Our evidence suggests that racist pressure can harm discriminated groups and lower the overall quality of the game.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"431 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48154102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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