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Journal of Labor Economics最新文献

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Putting the Husband Through: The Role of Credit Constraints in the Timing of Marriage and Spousal Education 让丈夫渡过难关:信用约束在结婚时机和配偶教育中的作用
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1086/719689
Murat F. Iyigun, J. Lafortune
{"title":"Putting the Husband Through: The Role of Credit Constraints in the Timing of Marriage and Spousal Education","authors":"Murat F. Iyigun, J. Lafortune","doi":"10.1086/719689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719689","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, age at first marriage was lowest and the education gap between husbands and wives was highest during the 1950s. The conventional explanation for such a negative correlation is that early marriage leads to earlier and higher fertility, which in turn prevents women from acquiring education. Here, we propose that early marriages enabled couples to overcome credit constraints in education. A model that includes this motive and mechanism can replicate not only the marriage and education patterns observed in the middle of the century in the United States but also the overall trends over the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"245 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43374210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Borrowing Constraints and the Dynamics of Return and Repeat Migration 借贷约束和回归与重复迁移的动态
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1086/719687
Joseph-Simon Goerlach
{"title":"Borrowing Constraints and the Dynamics of Return and Repeat Migration","authors":"Joseph-Simon Goerlach","doi":"10.1086/719687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719687","url":null,"abstract":"As wages in migrant-sending countries catch up with those in destinations, migrants adjust on several margins, including their duration of stay, the number of migrations they undertake, and the amount saved while abroad. This paper combines Mexican and US data to estimate a dynamic model of consumption, emigration, and remigration, accounting for financial constraints. An increase in Mexican household earnings shortens migration duration but raises the number of trips per migrant. For lower-income migrants, a rise in Mexican wages leads to a more than proportional effect on consumption expenditure in Mexico, arising from repatriated savings.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"205 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44233405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Minimum Wage, Self-Employment, and the Online Gig Economy 最低工资、自主创业和在线零工经济
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1086/719690
B. Glasner
{"title":"The Minimum Wage, Self-Employment, and the Online Gig Economy","authors":"B. Glasner","doi":"10.1086/719690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719690","url":null,"abstract":"This paper estimates the effect of minimum wage increases on work that is not covered by minimum wage laws. I find that minimum wage increases in the early 2000s resulted in small reductions in engagement in traditional self-employment. Following the development of the online gig economy in the 2010s, a 10% increase in the minimum wage increased the number of nonemployer establishments classified as transportation and warehousing services by approximately 2.7%. The counties most likely to exhibit a positive relationship between the minimum wage and participation in uncovered work are those with low labor market concentration and active Uber marketplaces.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"103 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42346798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Education Transmission and Network Formation 教育传播与网络形成
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-18 DOI: 10.1086/718981
Vincent Boucher, Carlo L. Del Bello, Fabrizio Panebianco, T. Verdier, Y. Zenou
{"title":"Education Transmission and Network Formation","authors":"Vincent Boucher, Carlo L. Del Bello, Fabrizio Panebianco, T. Verdier, Y. Zenou","doi":"10.1086/718981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718981","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a model of intergenerational transmission of education wherein children belong to either highly educated or low-educated families. Children choose the intensity of their social activities, while parents decide how much educational effort to exert. Using Add Health data, we find that, on average, children’s homophily acts as a complement to the educational effort of highly educated parents but as a substitute for the educational effort of low-educated parents. We also find that policies that subsidize kids’ socialization efforts can backfire for low-educated students because they tend to increase their interactions with other low-educated students.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"129 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47120065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Explaining Recent Trends in US School Segregation 解释美国学校种族隔离的最新趋势
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-18 DOI: 10.1086/718975
Gregorio Caetano, Vikram Maheshri
{"title":"Explaining Recent Trends in US School Segregation","authors":"Gregorio Caetano, Vikram Maheshri","doi":"10.1086/718975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718975","url":null,"abstract":"From 2002 to 2018, the fraction of minority-segregated public schools in the United States roughly doubled, but the fraction of White-segregated schools decreased at an even faster rate. Endogenous segregation fueled by parents choosing schools on the basis of their racial compositions can in principle dwarf all other determinants of segregation over time because of social multiplier effects. However, we find that demographic change from Hispanic immigration has been the biggest driver of these trends. These findings are particularly pronounced in urban areas, which experienced the largest changes in segregation and are where policy makers are most concerned about the pernicious effects of segregation.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"175 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
School Finance Equalization Increases Intergenerational Mobility 学校财政均衡增加代际流动
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-18 DOI: 10.1086/718980
Barbara Biasi
{"title":"School Finance Equalization Increases Intergenerational Mobility","authors":"Barbara Biasi","doi":"10.1086/718980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718980","url":null,"abstract":"This paper estimates the causal effect of equalizing revenues across school districts on students’ intergenerational mobility. I exploit cohort differences in exposure to equalization generated by state-level reforms. To address the endogeneity of postreform revenues due to household sorting after a reform, I use a simulated-instruments approach that uses newly collected data on states’ funding formulas to simulate revenues without sorting. I find that equalization has a large effect on the mobility of low-income students. Reductions in input gaps between low-income and high-income districts are likely channels behind this effect.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"1 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49019820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Wage Posting or Wage Bargaining? A Test Using Dual Jobholders 工资公布还是工资谈判?使用双重职位的测试
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1086/718321
Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Raffaele Saggio, Stephen A. Woodbury
{"title":"Wage Posting or Wage Bargaining? A Test Using Dual Jobholders","authors":"Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Raffaele Saggio, Stephen A. Woodbury","doi":"10.1086/718321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718321","url":null,"abstract":"We employ a revealed preference test to distinguish between wage posting and wage bargaining. Using a sample of dual jobholders in Washington State, we estimate the sensitivity of wages and separation rates to wage shocks in a secondary job. In lower parts of the wage distribution, improvements in the outside option lead to higher separations rates but not to higher wages, consistent with wage posting. In the highest wage quartile, improved outside options translate to higher wages but not higher separation rates, consistent with bargaining. In the aggregate, bargaining appears to be a limited determinant of wage setting.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"S469 - S493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42893784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
A Different Land of Opportunity: The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the Early Twentieth-Century United States 一片不同的机遇之地：20世纪初美国代际流动的地理位置
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1086/718595
Hui Ren Tan
{"title":"A Different Land of Opportunity: The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the Early Twentieth-Century United States","authors":"Hui Ren Tan","doi":"10.1086/718595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718595","url":null,"abstract":"Has the geography of intergenerational mobility in the United States changed over time? Constructing a large historical linked sample, I show that upward mobility in the early twentieth century was greater for those who grew up in the coastal and industrial regions, in contrast to more recent times, where mobility is higher among persons who were raised in the middle of the country. The historical patterns are not driven by imperfections in record linkage or measurement error in economic status.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"77 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Reconciling Occupational Mobility in the Current Population Survey 调和现时人口调查中的职业流动
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1086/718563
Christian vom Lehn, Cache Ellsworth, Zachary Kroff
{"title":"Reconciling Occupational Mobility in the Current Population Survey","authors":"Christian vom Lehn, Cache Ellsworth, Zachary Kroff","doi":"10.1086/718563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718563","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring occupational mobility from the Current Population Survey using retrospective or longitudinal methods generates substantially different outcomes, in both levels and trends. Using a generalized method of moments technique, we estimate the level of occupational mobility and the measurement error in both of these measures for 1981–2018. We estimate that occupational mobility has been trending down, particularly since 2000, consistent with retrospective measures of occupational mobility. However, estimated mobility is 2–3 percentage points or 60%–70% higher than retrospective measures. Measurement error in longitudinal measures is large and has been worsening over time.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"1005 - 1051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45149278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Understanding the Effects of Workfare Policies on Child Human Capital 了解福利政策对儿童人力资本的影响
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1086/718564
Jorge Rodríguez
{"title":"Understanding the Effects of Workfare Policies on Child Human Capital","authors":"Jorge Rodríguez","doi":"10.1086/718564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718564","url":null,"abstract":"Workfare can impact child development by inducing parents to spend less time at home. I study the mechanisms by which workfare policies affect children using the New Hope workfare experiment. The program randomly assigned individuals to a policy bundle including income and childcare subsidies conditional on full-time work. For families with young children, the program had positive effects on child academic performance and classroom behavior. Counterfactual experiments from a dynamic discrete choice model indicate that most of the effect of New Hope on young children is explained by parents enrolling their children in center-based childcare.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"39 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48161260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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