Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献

{"title":"“I knew if I did that, they'd catch me again”: Changes in deterrability over the criminal career","authors":"Lynne M. Vieraitis ,&nbsp;Rashaan A. DeShay","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through the lens of deterrence, we use data from in-depth interviews with formerly incarcerated men to explore how their experiences with formal sanctions influenced their assessments of the risks of further offending over the course of their criminal careers. Specifically, we look at how deterrability changed during their lifetimes and influenced the intermittent patterns of offending. We found that they discussed moving among the three phases of deterrability: (1) deterrable but not deterred, (2) not deterrable and not deterred, and (3) deterrable and deterred. For most of the participants, these phases were fluid throughout their criminal careers. We argue that understanding the situational and contextual factors associated with deterrability informs our understanding of intermittency in offending.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-person and remote video visitation and reentry outcomes among those released during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Susan McNeeley","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Prison visitation has been linked to positive aspects of reentry, including employment and desistance. However, few studies have examined how remote video visitation is related to these outcomes. Furthermore, changes to visitation during the COVID-19 pandemic created a unique opportunity to study how visitation relates to reentry.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using administrative data from 2000 individuals released from Minnesota state prisons in 2021 after being incarcerated at least one year, this study tests whether in-person and video visitation during the final year of incarceration are associated with reentry outcomes such as recidivism and employment. Multi-group propensity score methods were used to reduce observable selection bias between those receiving different types of visits.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The number of in-person and video visits received during the final year of incarceration were negatively related to two measures of recidivism (reconviction and reincarceration for a new felony). In-person visitation was also associated with lower rearrest and better employment outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Corrections agencies should continue to facilitate and encourage visits with friends and family, both in-person and virtually. Remote video visits are a useful supplement for in-person visits, especially when there are operational limits to in-person visitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary confinement, parole, and criminalization","authors":"Claudia N. Anderson ,&nbsp;Jonathan Ben-Menachem ,&nbsp;Samuel Donahue ,&nbsp;Jessica T. Simes ,&nbsp;Bruce Western","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore the criminogenic effects of incarceration, a burgeoning research literature aims to estimate the impact of solitary confinement on recidivism. While solitary confinement has been found to be associated with re-incarceration, it also reduces the likelihood of parole. Parole, in turn, has the criminalizing effect of increasing re-incarceration net of criminal offending. Accurately estimating the criminogenic effect of solitary confinement thus involves accounting for parole status. Using prison administrative data for 2007 to 2020, we conduct a survival analysis to estimate the association between solitary confinement and reincarceration, accounting for parole status and other covariates. Survival analysis shows that the risk of reincarceration is about 6 % higher for those in solitary confinement, once parole is accounted for. Reincarceration rates are 15 to 25 % higher for those held in solitary confinement for 90 days or longer. In this observational analysis, unobserved and nonrandom selection into solitary confinement may account for the estimated effects, but results are robust to controls for a large set of covariates and data subsets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microcosms of violence among street gang members: Social contagion, propensity to violence, and gang embeddedness","authors":"Yanick Charette ,&nbsp;Ilvy Goossens","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gang members face a paradox: while they may join a gang for protection from violence, they are actually more likely to be victimized than non-gang members. Although it is known that gang affiliation increases the risk of violence perpetration and victimization, little is understood about the factors within gangs that influence these risks. This study examines the relationship between violent perpetration and victimization within the context of gang networks. Using 20 years of police data, we mapped the incidents of violent victimization and perpetration among 1587 Haitian street gang members and their affiliates in Montreal, Canada. Our results show that violence occurs in clusters within these groups and that victimization and perpetration are more likely to happen in the same locations within the network. Regression models revealed that victimization was strongly related to: (1) having committed violence, (2) having more violent perpetrators in one's entourage, and (3) having more victims in one's entourage. These three effects were interdependent, creating a mutual aggravation effect: members who had perpetrated high levels of violence, high levels of victimization in their network, and who had violent peers were 15 times more victimized than members who were not directly or indirectly involved in violence. The structure of peer relationships was also important. Denser networks provided some protection against victimization, but this was dependent on members' own level of violence. Violent perpetrators did not benefit from the protection offered by a close-knit network. Our findings show that violence within gangs is not equally distributed and is concentrated in certain areas of the network. Perpetration and victimization are linked, and the local density of the network can reduce the impact of violence in the network. Thus, the idea that gangs can provide protection may not be as paradoxical as it seems. In tightly knit groups, and for members not directly involved in violence, gang affiliation did not increase violence risk. This understanding may improve targeted interventions to prevent both the experience and commission of violence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drunk and dangerous? Exploring the tenuous links among drunk driving, alcohol arrests, and firearm violence in an urban context","authors":"Chris Melde ,&nbsp;Giovanni Circo ,&nbsp;April Zeoli ,&nbsp;Scott Wolfe ,&nbsp;Richard C. Sadler ,&nbsp;Stephen Oliphant ,&nbsp;Matthew Almanza ,&nbsp;Mallory O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research and policy discussions have focused on prohibiting individuals with repeat alcohol-related offenses from purchasing or possessing firearms. To expand on this work, we use linked administrative data from a cohort sample (<em>n</em> = 36,274) of Milwaukee, Wisconsin residents to assess the association between arrests for alcohol-related offenses and later involvement in gun violence as either a shooting suspect or victim. Findings suggest arrests for operating a vehicle while intoxicated and other alcohol-related offenses were associated with increased risk of firearm-related violence only in models that did not account for other forms of offending, while no association was observed after controlling for non-violent or violent arrest histories. Our findings suggest that alcohol-related offenses do not act as an efficient marker of future firearm violence risk in Milwaukee. Policies that restrict firearm purchase or possession based on alcohol-related offenses may therefore do little to address gun violence in urban contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An item response theory approach to punitive attitudes","authors":"Nicolas Trajtenberg ,&nbsp;Pablo Ezquerra","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concerns about how punitive attitudes are measured are long-standing in the academic literature. However, empirical research in this area has often overlooked variations in the difficulty of punitive items and differences in individual dispositions. To address these challenges, this paper explores the measurement of punitive attitudes through the application of Item Response Theory to a representative sample of Uruguayan citizens. By addressing the limitations of Classical Test Theory in criminological research, we provide a more nuanced understanding of punitive attitudes, distinguishing the difficulty of survey items from respondents' underlying traits. Our analysis highlights significant variation in item difficulty and discrimination, showing that assuming that all punitive measures reflect equivalent levels of punitiveness is problematic. Our findings identify gaps in the measurement of individuals with higher levels of punitiveness and suggest that frequently used survey items may fail to capture the full spectrum of punitive attitudes. This research emphasizes the need to refine survey instruments to enhance the validity and reliability of scales of punitive attitudes, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of public opinion regarding crime and punishment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A neighborhood analysis of U.S homicide clearances in 50 cities: Examining race and disadvantage across neighborhood types","authors":"Richard Stansfield ,&nbsp;Karen F. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>America's homicide clearance rate has dropped to a new low, clearing only 52 % of homicides according to the 2020 Uniform Crime Report system. This is the lowest clearance rate on record. While homicide clearance rates receive considerable attention, community-based approaches are far more limited. In this research we examine neighborhood level homicide clearance rates using a large sample of census tracts (<em>n</em> = 15,557) with the goal of capturing the variation in homicide clearances across community characteristics and racial groups. We are particularly interested in understanding how race and structural features of communities may influence homicide clearances overall. Results reveal that higher economic disadvantages and the size of the Black population are associated with lower clearances in predominantly Black, mixed minority and integrated neighborhoods. Additionally, immigration concentration is associated with a lower rate of clearance in predominantly Black and integrated neighborhoods. Trajectory analysis reveals that predominantly Hispanic neighborhoods are also more likely to be characterized by high and rising numbers of unsolved homicides over the past decade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intersection of formal labeling and child maltreatment in young adult offending","authors":"Anne C. Wingert,&nbsp;Peter S. Lehmann,&nbsp;Andia M. Azimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Corresponding with the expectations of labeling theory, much scholarship has observed that justice system contact and exclusionary school punishments can have long-term criminogenic consequences. However, limited work has examined family-related factors that might moderate the effects of formal labeling events. Specifically, exposure to abuse and neglect during childhood represents a key risk factor for offending, but it also is theoretically plausible that child maltreatment can operate as an informal label that further amplifies the crime-producing effects of official interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (<em>N</em> = 14,078) to assess (1) the independent effects of formal labeling in adolescence and child maltreatment on self-reported offending in young adulthood and (2) whether child maltreatment moderates the effects of formal labels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We find that arrest, juvenile court adjudication, expulsion from school, and child maltreatment are independently and positively related to young adult offending. Additionally, the effects of arrest and adjudication, but not school discipline, are strengthened by exposure to child maltreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Through the lens of labeling theory, the results suggest that child maltreatment may operate as a type of informal labeling mechanism that aggravates the disadvantages associated with justice system contact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks considerations when resentencing juvenile homicide offenders: Unresolved science, policy and law issues post-Jones v. Mississippi","authors":"José B. Ashford ,&nbsp;Luigi Maria Solivetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The resentencing of juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs) remains a contentious issue after the <em>Jones v. Mississippi</em> decision. This research investigates whether pre-<em>Montgomery</em> long-term life sentences validly differentiate between JHOs with and without irreparable corruption. It also examines the influence of life sentence type, racial/ethnic minority status, and their interactions on serious and violent prison infractions.</div></div><div><h3>Principal findings</h3><div>The findings reveal non-significant and small observed differences in absolute rates of prison incorrigibility between JHOs sentenced to juvenile life without parole (JLWOP) and juvenile life with parole (JLWP), challenging the assumption that JLWOP sentences accurately reflect higher levels of prison depravity than JLWP sentenced JHOs. Further, neither type of life sentence nor minority status, individually or interactively influence rates of violent or serious prison infractions among juvenile lifers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results introduce concerns about the validity of prosecutorial arguments opposing the resentencing of pre-<em>Montgomery</em> JLWOP inmates in Arizona.</div><div>Additionally, they highlight prioritizing behavioral evidence gathered during imprisonment, over the “reasonable feasibility” of employing predictive judgments of irreparable corruption at sentencing, underscoring the need for a hybrid sentencing framework allowing for assessments of irreparable corruption after the completion of a desert phase of a JLWP sentence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hunting in the digital jungle: Exploring cyberstalking with higher order moderation in situational action theory","authors":"Saeed Kabiri","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Situational Action Theory (SAT) in understanding cyberstalking behavior. Using a random sampling method, data were collected from 454 students and analyzed through SmartPLS version 4.1 to assess the theoretical propositions. The findings indicate that the key components of SAT—personal morality, self-control, situational morality, and deterrence—are significantly associated with cyberstalking behavior. Additionally, crime propensity was found to moderate the relationship between criminogenic exposure and cyberstalking. Moreover, personal morality emerged as a higher-order moderator, influencing the moderating role of self-control in the relationships between situational morality and cyberstalking, as well as deterrence and cyberstalking. These results provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between individual characteristics and situational factors in the context of cyberstalking, contributing to the ongoing discourse on its theoretical and practical implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}