Prevention Science最新文献

{"title":"Inflammation, Metabolic Status and Mental Health as Potential Mediators of the Association Between Socioeconomic Deprivation and Frailty.","authors":"Ben Niu, Yi-Qi Ji, Fei-Yan Deng, Shu-Feng Lei, Lin Bo","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01967-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01967-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frailty, a state of heightened vulnerability to stressors, is prevalent in older adults and imposes substantial health and economic burdens. While socioeconomic deprivation (measured by the Townsend Deprivation Index, TDI) is linked to adverse health outcomes, its specific associative relationship with frailty and the putative mediating roles of chronic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and mental health remain unclear. In this cross-sectional study of 264,475 middle-aged and older UK Biobank participants, frailty was assessed using the Fried phenotype criteria. Multinomial logistic regression examined TDI-frailty associations, and multiple mediation analyses (pathways: deprivation → mediators → frailty) evaluated effects of inflammatory (CRP), metabolic (vitamin D), and mental health markers, adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related covariates. Higher TDI scores were significantly associated with increased odds of pre-frail (OR = 1.060, P < 0.001) and frail (OR = 1.182, P < 0.001) status, with a stronger male association (OR = 4.680, P < 0.001) and dose-dependent gradient across quartiles. Collectively, mediators explained ~ 10% of the association, with depression (6.72%) and vitamin D (4.59%) being the strongest contributors. These findings highlight deprivation as a robust associative frailty predictor, particularly in males, and suggest targeted interventions may reduce risk in deprived populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening School Readiness for All: Impacts of New York City's Pre-K for All Professional Learning on Teacher Practice and Children's School Readiness.","authors":"Rachel M Abenavoli, Jessica A Siegel, Ashleigh I Aviles, Jeffrey Kitrosser, Adrienne Dominguez, Berta Bartoli, Jessica T Young, Jisoo Kim, Rebecca Davis, Kate Rockey, Helen Barahal, Josh Wallack, Elise Cappella, Pamela Morris-Perez","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01963-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01963-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research-practice partnerships (RPPs) can be an effective strategy for bridging disconnects among research, policy, and practice, as they present unique opportunities for rigorous research that produces clear, actionable findings that can directly inform the work of governmental agencies on high-priority topics. This paper describes two interconnected randomized controlled trials conducted by a decade-long RPP between researchers at New York University (NYU) and New York City Public Schools (NYCPS) policy leaders in the Division of Early Childhood Education (DECE), starting at the launch of New York City's universal pre-K system. This RPP navigated opportunities and challenges for conducting rigorous research to evaluate professional learning (PL) for pre-K teachers assigned to \"Explore,\" a math-focused PL approach (Study 1) or \"Create,\" an arts-focused PL approach (Study 2). In each study, we examined impacts on classroom practice and quality (using observation data collected by NYCPS) and children's school readiness (using direct assessment data collected by NYU), relative to content-agnostic PL serving as a business-as-usual control. Results indicated that Explore did not have significant impacts (relative to control), likely because of low levels of implementation. In contrast, Create had several significant and substantively meaningful positive impacts (relative to control) on teacher practice, quality, and children's learning. Overall, our findings suggest that PL implemented by a large district at scale can have positive impacts when the PL model is robust, when PL has clear targets or focus, and when participation in PL is sufficient. We discuss how findings generated by our RPP have informed DECE's work, as well as challenges encountered conducting the research and utilizing findings, particularly during a mayoral transition. The study was pre-registered with Open Science Framework in July 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement with a Text Message Booster to Extend a School-Based Teen Dating Violence Prevention Program.","authors":"Shannon Guillot-Wright, Leila Wood, Morgan E PettyJohn, Melanie Thiel, Michele Ybarra, Elizabeth Baumler, Jeff R Temple","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01965-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11121-026-01965-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teen dating violence (TDV) is a prevalent public health problem with significant consequences for mental, physical, and social well-being. School-based programs have demonstrated modest but reliable effects on TDV-related outcomes; however, skills introduced in early adolescence may be less applicable as youth age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This project was embedded within a larger randomized controlled trial conducted in spring 2018, in which students were randomized to receive either the Fourth R relationship-based intervention or a standard school health education curriculum. Five years after the intervention, a subset of adolescents originally assigned to the Fourth R condition (n = 666) were randomized to receive an 8-week text message booster focused on healthy relationships, safety, and help-seeking. Engagement metrics (e.g., enrollment, opt-outs, interactive responses) were automatically recorded via Mobile Commons, the secure platform used to deliver all messages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 666 youth randomized to the booster, 283 enrolled (42.5%) and 54 messages were delivered. Among enrolled youth, 140 (49.5%; 21.0% of randomized) interacted with at least one message (e.g., took the quiz). Forty interactions occurred only in response to the initial message (i.e., reply GO to start); the resulting 100 youth (35.3% of enrolled; 15.0% of randomized) demonstrated meaningful engagement. Depth of engagement varied: 36 interacted once, 16 twice, 14 three times, 10 four times, and 24 five or more times.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate moderate uptake, with meaningful interaction among a subset of enrolled participants in a low-cost, scalable text message booster designed to extend the Fourth R curriculum into late adolescence. Lessons learned highlight the importance of timing, recruitment strategies, and tailoring content to developmental transitions. Future work should assess behavioral outcomes and explore adaptive or personalized booster models to strengthen long-term TDV prevention effects.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT02909673.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Communication Between PrEP-Eligible Latino Men: an Egocentric Analysis of Dyadic Characteristics and Behaviors.","authors":"Lilliana Vilchez, Edda Rodriguez, Ana Bravo, Lacey Despres, John Skvoretz, Stephen Fallon, Mariano Kanamori","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01962-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01962-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To examine the sexual networks of PrEP-eligible Latino men to assess how homophily and dyadic characteristics and behaviors relate to PrEP communication among sexual partners. From February 2022 to August 2023, we used tailored methodologies to engage and recruit PrEP-eligible Latino men in South Florida. A three-wave Respondent Driven Sampling strategy (RDS) was used to recruit first and second order friends, completing networks of up to 13 individuals. A two-level logistic regression model was used to assess individual and dyadic level variables in relation to PrEP outcomes of interest. Four hundred eighty-eight participants (egos) reported 1065 sexual partners (alters), primarily perceived as Latino and casual partners. Emotional closeness was associated with increased odds of PrEP-related conversations and PrEP status disclosure, at the ego and alter level. Consistent condom use was associated with decreased odds of PrEP conversations. At the alter level, odds of PrEP status disclosure were lower when consistent condom use and main partner status were reported by the ego. Among PrEP-eligible Latino men, PrEP communication and disclosure of PrEP use are related to the dyadic characteristics and behaviors between sexual partners. Discussing PrEP with sexual partners may influence individual awareness and willingness to use PrEP. In the development of future HIV prevention programs for Latino men, prevention strategies must integrate the unique differences in sexual partnership characteristics and behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Smartphone-Based Mindfulness Intervention on Momentary Stress Among First Responders: a Micro-Randomized Trial.","authors":"Tiffany Tran, Sun-Kyung Lee, Susanne Lee, Amberlee Martin, Abigail H Gewirtz","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01957-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01957-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>First responders face extreme workplace stressors that can increase symptoms of distress. While mindfulness-based interventions are well-established for stress management, their time-intensive formats may pose barriers for those with long shifts and unpredictable schedules. Smartphone-delivered mindfulness interventions offer a flexible alternative. This study used a micro-randomized controlled trial design to test the effectiveness of two smartphone-delivered mindfulness interventions in reducing momentary stress and stress reactivity to a self-reported stressor. The two interventions included: (1) a text message reminder to engage in a mindfulness practice (brief message) and (2) a prompt to complete an app-based guided mindfulness practice (MYAPT.MIND). Participants were 75 first responders (M = 38.9, SD = 6.8) who completed ecological momentary assessments twice a day (EMA 1 and EMA 2) and received 1 of 3 conditions daily (i.e., no-intervention, brief message, or MYAPT.MIND) between EMA 1 and EMA 2 for 30 days. Multilevel modeling was used to estimate the proximal effects of the daily intervention assignments and to test whether the interventions dampened the impact of stressor exposures on momentary stress at EMA 2. Results indicated no direct effect of interventions on momentary stress. However, participants who were assigned to MYAPT.MIND reported smaller increases in momentary stress following a stressor exposure than for the brief message or control groups. These findings highlight the potential of app-based mindfulness interventions as a \"just-in-time\" tool for acute stress management.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Father Involvement and Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors: a Moderated Mediation Model of Adolescent Social Competence and Peer Influence.","authors":"Bereket Merkine Gebresilase, Chuanxia Zhang, Aamer Aldbyani, Yohannes Bisa Biramo, Zebdewos Zekarias Elka, Esayas Teshome Taddese","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01964-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01964-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behaviors are among the most prevalent mental health challenges worldwide, yet the factors associated with these behaviors remain under-explored in many contexts, including Ethiopia. Father involvement is an important but often overlooked correlate of adolescent social competence and behavioral outcomes. This study examines the associations between father involvement and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behaviors, focusing on the potential mediating role of adolescent social competence and the moderating role of peer pressure in these relationships. Data were collected from 516 adolescents (mean age = 14.77 ± 0.71; 52.52% male, 47.48% female) in grades 9-12, along with their fathers. A moderated mediation analysis using regression-based path analysis (Hayes' PROCESS Model 15) was conducted to test the hypothesized conditional process model. Adolescent social competence partially explained the association between father involvement and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behaviors (indirect effect =  - 0.31, 95% CI [- 0.388, - 0.212]). Additionally, peer pressure moderated both the direct association between father involvement and behavioral outcomes (interaction β =  - 0.03, p < .05) and the second stage of the indirect pathway (interaction β = 0.03, p < .05). The protective associations of father involvement and social competence were approximately 22-27% weaker in high peer-pressure environments compared to low peer-pressure contexts. These findings identify patterns of association consistent with theoretical models highlighting the interplay of family and peer factors in adolescent mental health. However, given the cross-sectional design, causal conclusions cannot be drawn.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Emotion Regulation Difficulties: a Cross-National, Cross-Sectional Study of Strengths-Based Psychological Predictors of Self-Injury Among University Students.","authors":"Julia Petrovic, Nancy L Heath, Penelope A Hasking, Imke Baetens, Chloe A Hamza, Elizabeth E Lloyd-Richardson, Stephen P Lewis","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01958-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01958-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the etiology of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been largely deficit-focused, with emotion dysregulation frequently underscored as a common predictor of NSSI. Meanwhile, strengths-based models have been less frequently employed. This cross-sectional study explored the direct and indirect (through emotion regulation difficulties) potentially protective effects of strengths-based psychological variables (i.e., mindfulness, self-compassion, optimism, and resilience) on the likelihood of reporting past-year NSSI in a cross-national sample of university students (N = 861) residing in Belgium (n = 320), Canada (n = 136), and Australia (n = 406). The fit of the logistic mediation model did not differ when country was included, suggesting that the model was broadly applicable across all three contexts. Greater mindfulness, self-compassion, optimism, and resilience were all indirectly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting past-year NSSI through better emotion regulation. Notably, greater self-compassion and optimism were also directly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting past-year NSSI. Findings lend preliminary cross-national support for the possible protective roles of strengths-based psychological variables in relation to NSSI and for the mediating role of emotion regulation in these relations. Results also underscore the distinct contributions of self-compassion and optimism in relation to past-year NSSI, independent of those explained by emotion regulation, shedding light on a strengths-based etiological model that extends beyond emotion regulation difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the NIH Research Methods Resources Website.","authors":"David M Murray, Jonathan C Moyer","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01955-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01955-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Research Methods Resources (RMR) section of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) website provides information on design, analysis, and sample size for designs used in NIH-supported clinical trials including randomized controlled trials, individually randomized group-treatment trials, parallel group- or cluster-randomized trials, group- or cluster-stepped wedge trials, and group regression discontinuity designs. The material provided for each design includes background information, links to webinars and training opportunities, a list of frequently asked questions and answers, the relevant CONSORT or TREND statement, key references for the designs and for state of the practice reviews, methods for sample size and power, and common errors. Sample size calculators are readily available for randomized controlled trials, but not for the other four designs; as a result, the RMR website provides a sample size calculator for each, set up as a tutorial in 8-9 steps. Each step includes text and references that can be explored if the user is new to the calculator or left largely hidden if the user is familiar with the calculator. Each sample size calculator provides worked examples for variations for the design including those based on a simple difference vs a net difference, or on a cross-sectional design vs a cohort design. The worked examples are available for download as an.pdf document and present the formulae used for the calculations. The calculators can be used to estimate sample size requirements for a new trial or to confirm a calculation made by others. The sample size calculators are illustrated with three examples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Stop Sexual Harassment: a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Hilde Slaatten, V Paul Poteat, Bente Storm Mowatt Haugland, Ragnhild Bjørknes, Kyrre Breivik","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01960-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-026-01960-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual and gendered harassment is prevalent among adolescents and associated with health outcomes. Evidence from randomized controlled trials of school-based interventions addressing such harassment outside dating contexts among students under 16 years is limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Stop Sexual Harassment (SSH) program in secondary schools. The cluster-randomized controlled superiority trial was conducted in 41 Norwegian lower secondary schools. Participants were 2236 students aged 13-15 years. Schools were randomized 1:1 to SSH or a delayed-access control using centralized, computer-generated, pair-matched randomization at the school level. The intervention comprised a digital teacher-training course and eight structured classroom lessons delivered during regular school hours; control schools continued their usual practice and were offered SSH after follow-up. Primary outcomes were self-reported sexual and gendered harassment victimization and perpetration measured with eight prespecified subscales at baseline and 2 months after baseline. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle using three-level mixed-effects models with baseline adjustment. Exploratory per-protocol analyses examined students with sufficient intervention exposure. Twenty schools (1046 students) were allocated to SSH and 21 schools (1190 students) to control. All randomized students were included in the primary analyses. More than half of the participants had missing outcome data; this was addressed using multiple imputation. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for any primary outcome at post-intervention; effect sizes were small and close to zero. In conclusion, this cluster-randomized trial found no evidence that SSH reduced sexual and gendered harassment compared with a delayed-access control condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competence and Coping in the Family Group Cognitive Behavioral (FGCB) Preventive Intervention: a Moderated Mediation Model in Youth at Risk for Depression.","authors":"Abigail E Pine, Rex Forehand, Bruce E Compas","doi":"10.1007/s11121-026-01956-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11121-026-01956-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents exposed to parental depression are at increased risk of developing internalizing and externalizing disorders. The Family Group Cognitive Behavioral (FGCB) intervention (Compas et al., 2015) is an evidence-based prevention program designed to reduce this risk by enhancing youth coping skills. However, it remains unclear which youth benefit most from this intervention. Competence, an indicator of youth resilience, may help identify those most likely to respond. This randomized controlled trial examined whether baseline youth competence moderated the effect of FGCB on coping at 6-month follow-up and whether improved coping subsequently mediated reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms at 12 months. Participants included 180 youth (ages 9-15; M = 11.46 years, SD = 2.00) and their parents with a history of depression, randomly assigned to either the FGCB intervention or a written information control condition. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that FGCB significantly improved coping only among youth with average to high levels of competence. In turn, coping predicted lower internalizing symptoms. Findings highlight competence as a key factor shaping intervention response and emphasize the need for tailored prevention efforts to support at-risk youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}