Prevention Science最新文献

{"title":"Investing in Interventions to Prevent Opioid Use Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults: Start-up Costs from NIDA's HEAL Prevention Initiative.","authors":"Margaret R Kuklinski, Brent J Gibbons, Diana M Bowser, Kathryn E McCollister, Rosanna Smart, Laura J Dunlap, Ella Shenkar, Erin E Bonar, Tyra Boomer, Mark Campbell, Lynn E Fiellin, David W Hutton, Vinod Rao, Lisa Saldana, Katherine Su, Maureen A Walton, Tansel Yilmazer","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01835-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01835-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to estimate the costs of starting up diverse interventions for preventing opioid misuse in young people aged 15 to 30. Interventions were to be delivered in the context of research trials funded under the National Institutes of Health HEAL (Helping to End Addiction Long-term®) Prevention Initiative. Start-up activities were conducted in systems and settings across the United States from 2019 to 2023. Start-up costs were estimated using activity-based costing from a provider perspective and common methods and data collection procedures across projects (n = 8). Descriptive statistics were used to understand the magnitude of and variability in start-up costs, cost drivers, and staff time. Factors explaining variability were identified from project activity descriptions. Start-up activities cost $37,541 on average, and $33,492 at the median (2020 USD). Labor drove costs (89% on average). Training, project management, and partner engagement accounted for 78% of start-up costs on average. There was considerable variability in total and activity costs. Start-up activities provide an essential foundation for successful intervention delivery and sustainability, yet the resources needed and associated costs for this phase of intervention implementation do not receive much attention. We found that interventions faced unique start-up challenges and leverage points, resulting in differences in total cost and activity cost burden. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01088542, NCT04901312, NCT04678960, NCT04617938, NCT04550715, and NCT04135703.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Structural Factors to Prevent Youth Violence Through a Multisector Collaborative Approach.","authors":"Valerie M Thompson, Jomella Watson-Thompson, Donte L Bernard, Lauratu Bah","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01845-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01845-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth violence is a significant public health concern with differential impacts on youth who reside in high-burden communities. Structural factors, including institutional practices and policies, contribute to the concentration of youth within neighborhoods where violence is more likely to occur. Across disciplines, scholars have identified structural factors that affect not only the prevalence of violence but also environmental conditions that make violence more likely. Consequently, interventions may fall short of addressing the root causes of violence, perpetuating cycles of harm rather than fostering long-term solutions. It is crucial to advance community and societal level approaches to address macro-level factors influencing youth violence. The Institute of Medicine's Framework for Collaborative Public Health Action suggests that community coalitions may contribute to preventing youth violence by facilitating multisectoral engagement across socioecological levels to promote sustainable change. Guided by this framework, the ThrYve Coalition in Kansas City convened over 40 community partners across 15 sectors to address youth violence (Watson-Thompson et al., 2020). Through a collaborative process, 87 change lever strategies (i.e., strategies to implement program, policy, practice changes) were identified to support community and systems-level improvements aligned with risk and protective factors related to youth violence. Between 2018 and 2022, the ThrYve Coalition implemented more than 199 community changes, addressing social and structural determinants related to youth violence. This study examines the collaborative process for facilitating change as part of a comprehensive community intervention to prevent youth violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summer Youth Employment Programs as a Structural Approach to Prevent Youth Violence: an Integrative Review.","authors":"Patrece L Joseph, Jonathan Jay","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01840-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01840-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing momentum to combat racial and ethnic disparities in youth violence victimization and exposure by developing structural interventions is an important shift toward addressing the root causes of disparities in youth violence. However, discussions of structural interventions sometimes overlook existing programs such as Summer Youth Employment Programs (SYEPs). We conduct an integrative review of evaluation studies on SYEPs and use the findings to re-examine the evidence and arguments for SYEPs, advancing this issue's goal of highlighting viable solutions to address youth violence. We identified 13 evaluation studies of SYEPs in Boston, Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, Cuyahoga County, OH, and Washtenaw County, MI. Findings from these evaluations suggest that SYEPs impact behavioral and sociocultural environmental determinants of youth violence across the individual, interpersonal, and community levels. No evaluations reported on societal-level determinants of youth violence. Yet, well-designed SYEPs align with key components of interventions to address disparities in youth violence: (1) they are sustainable, having been implemented in several cities and states for decades despite precarious funding; (2) as evidenced by evaluation findings, they address behavioral and sociocultural environmental domains across multiple levels of influence; and (3) they address racial and economic disparities by serving youth disproportionately affected by community violence, Black and Latine youth in economically disadvantaged communities. We argue that when these programs are made universal, they are structural interventions that address youths' lack of employment opportunities at the societal level.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Spatially Varying Associations of COVID-19 Rates with Contextual Socioeconomic, Health, and Environmental Factors under Partial Population Coverage of Vaccination: A Retrospective Ecological Study in Georgia, USA.","authors":"Jun Tu","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01849-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01849-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A good understanding of the associations of COVID-19 infection and mortality with contextual factors when vaccines were not widely available is necessary for human societies to be better prepared for future outbreaks of infectious diseases. This retrospective ecological study aimed to explore the spatially varying associations of COVID-19 incidence, death, and case fatality rates with contextual socioeconomic, health, and environmental factors during the period of partial population coverage of vaccination at county level in the state of Georgia, USA. The associations of COVID-19 rates and contextual factors were analyzed using geographically weighted regression (GWR), compared with ordinary least squares regression (OLS) analysis. OLS results showed that most factors were significantly associated with COVID-19 death rate and case fatality rate, but not incidence rate. GWR results demonstrated that the associations of all three COVID-19 rates with factors varied across space: A factor might have a significant positive, significant negative, or nonsignificant association with each rate in certain counties. Most factors for poor health outcomes were significantly associated with higher risks of COVID-19 infection and mortality in more counties compared to non-significant or inverse associations. The spatially varying associations for some contextual factors were related to the socioeconomic and urbanization characteristics of counties. Some factors also affected COVID-19 infection and mortality differently. For example, persons aged 65 and older percentage was not a significant risk factor of COVID-19 infection in most counties, but it was the most spatially consistent risk factor of COVID-19 death in Georgia; fully vaccinated percentage was a more significant indicator of reducing COVID-19 infection in rural counties compared to urban and suburban areas. This study provides useful information for public health agencies and professionals to make and implement more specific and targeted local health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Augmented Clearinghouse to Facilitate Evidence-Based Decision-Making and Social Spending: a Conceptual Framework.","authors":"Pamela R Buckley, Diana Fishbein, Neil J Wollman","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01848-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01848-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social spending refers to public or private funds aimed at helping vulnerable groups. Evidence-based decision-making supports social spending by applying existing evidence to inform funding and involves integrating relevant information from various sources, such as experimental studies and community feedback. Online clearinghouses support evidence-based decision-making by synthesizing evidence on what works, though manually updating literature is incomplete. In addition, passively summarizing evaluations is insufficient for end-users to implement preventive solutions that achieve population impacts. A responsive platform and a dissemination plan are needed to encourage the uptake of equitable and culturally relevant preventive interventions grounded in transparency and rigorous evidence of effectiveness. A two-part conceptual framework is proposed for a clearinghouse platform that integrates stepwise, interactive, AI-driven capabilities safeguarded by human touchpoints. First, clearinghouses should adopt a \"living\" review to automatically update evaluations-an approach embraced globally by organizations such as the World Health Organization, Cochrane Collaboration, and the U.N.'s Pan American Health Organization. The second component involves adding a chatbot to support assessment and implementation guidance and make recommendations on (1) the provision of all evidence-based preventive interventions (EBPIs) and their key activities, (2) EBPIs shown to achieve equitably distributed outcomes, (3) culturally relevant EBPIs that align with the values and needs of a target population, (4) implementation support, such as materials, training, and fidelity measures, and (5) delivery costs. The resulting platform will ethically expedite the translational process of identifying and scaling EBPIs, leading to a more complete, comprehensive, and accessible body of evidence on effective preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive Symptoms and Substance Use: Longitudinal Examination of Alcohol and Cannabis Coping Mechanisms in Young Adults.","authors":"Scott Graupensperger, Melissa A Janson, Anne M Fairlie, Mary E Larimer, Christine M Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01846-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01846-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression and substance use are often comorbid, but less is known about these associations in non-clinical community samples. Moreover, existing research is primarily cross-sectional or focuses on long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms and substance use. The present study examines within-person associations to estimate the extent to which monthly fluctuations in depressive symptoms relate to alcohol and cannabis use. A community sample of 778 young adults (M_age = 21.1 at baseline, 56% female) completed up to 33 monthly surveys (82.7% total response rate) scattered across a 6-year period (2015-2021). Zero-truncated regression was used to stratify associations with any use and amount of use on months that alcohol and cannabis were reported, respectively. Pertaining to alcohol use, depressive symptoms predicted lower odds of drinking alcohol on a given month; however, if young adults did drink, then depressive symptoms predicted heavier drinking (i.e., more drinks per week). For cannabis, depressive symptoms predicted both greater odds of using cannabis and heavier use in that month (i.e., greater hours high per week). Associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol/cannabis quantity indices were mediated by coping motives. Findings highlight the risks of elevated depressive symptoms for young adults, in terms of alcohol and cannabis use.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementing Program Profiles in Evidence Clearinghouses with Insights for Practice: a Qualitative Investigation of Application to Youth Mentoring Programs in CrimeSolutions.","authors":"Aisha N Griffith, Julia Pryce, David L DuBois, Timothy Brezina, Kelly E Stewart, Michael Garringer","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01841-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01841-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence-based program repositories have been designed to help practitioners in their decision-making. Most repositories supplement summaries of effectiveness evidence with information intended to assist with implementation of each included program (e.g., training costs). It is less common for guidance to be included to support translation of findings for a broader range of purposes, such as enhancing related programs already in place. To help address this gap within the area of youth mentoring, the National Mentoring Resource Center has appended \"Insights for Mentoring Practitioners\" to profiles of 47 mentoring programs included in the CrimeSolutions.gov repository of the National Institute of Justice. We qualitatively analyzed these commentaries to elucidate themes across them that can inform the development and improvement of mentoring programs. Themes included (1) ensuring alignment across program goals, design, implementation, and evaluation; (2) connecting the intervention to mentees' home, parents, and larger environment; (3) tailoring mentor engagement and support to effectively serve youth; and (4) optimizing the role of mentoring within multi-component programs. Discussion focuses on how findings inform the improvement of mentoring programs, and how content geared toward the translation of evidence to practice could enhance and improve evidence repositories.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schools' Readiness for Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education: an Overview of Theoretical Models.","authors":"Yuejiao Wu, Kerryann Walsh, Sonia L J White, Lyra L'Estrange","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01843-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01843-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schools' readiness appears an important factor influencing their implementation of violence prevention programs. This review was undertaken to identify, describe, and compare existing theoretical readiness models and their strengths and limitations, and to select an appropriate theoretical model to underpin the study of schools' readiness for child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention education. This, in turn, would guide development of a new instrument to assess schools' readiness for CSA prevention. Searches were conducted from September to December 2022 in ERIC, PsychINFO, PubMed, Science Direct, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, and handsearches were made in academic journals. We included peer-reviewed papers published in English that reported the development, testing, or use of a theoretical readiness model at an organizational level. We identified three candidate groups of theoretical models from 85 papers: the community readiness model, the multidimensional child maltreatment prevention readiness model, and organizational readiness for change theories. These models were appraised using four criteria for selecting implementation science theories and frameworks (Birken et al. 2017). We propose Weiner's (2009) organizational readiness for change as the most plausible theoretical model with both descriptive and analytical potential for assessing schools' readiness for child sexual abuse prevention education, and discuss the conceptual and empirical strengths and weaknesses of the identified models. The review has demonstrated the utility of applying criteria (Birken et al. 2017) to appraise and select theoretical readiness models in CSA prevention education and other implementation research areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Augmented Prevention Science Needs Community-Engaged Prevention Science: a Framework for Greater Accountability.","authors":"Eric Rice, Lindsay E Young","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01842-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-025-01842-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the ability to approximate human decision-making and to parse through large and complex data, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning algorithms stand to play important roles in diagnosing, treating, and preventing society's most pressing social, health, and academic challenges. However, some AI applications for these ends have resulted in biased and discriminatory outcomes, demonstrating poor accountability to the communities these technologies impact and serve. The foundational premise of this paper is that AI-augmented prevention science needs community engagement to mitigate these harms. Drawing on a decade of work conducted at the University of Southern California's Center for AI in Society, we present a model of community-engaged AI-augmented prevention science. What sets our formalization apart from previous frameworks for community-engaged AI research is its prevention science orientation. We highlight potential roles for community and AI at each stage of the prevention science life cycle, from problem conceptualization to intervention implementation, and delineate when community input can compel moments of critical retreat in that life cycle to remain accountable to community needs and values. We then illustrate how we integrated AI and community-engaged methods in our work to correct racial biases in a predictive risk algorithm used to prioritize vulnerable people experiencing homelessness for housing interventions. Our case study highlights two moments of critical retreat-informed by the values, experiences, and contextual knowledge of our community partners-that led to more equitable and inclusive outcomes. We conclude with recommendations for how to advance community-engaged approaches in AI prevention science research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preschool Expulsion Risk Factors: Teachers' Ratings of Preschoolers' Challenging Behaviors Vary by the Cooperativeness of their Parents.","authors":"Courtney A Zulauf-McCurdy, Rechele Brooks, Andrew N Meltzoff","doi":"10.1007/s11121-025-01838-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11121-025-01838-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preschool children in the United States are expelled at a rate of about 250 per day with a disproportionate number being Black children. There is a need to better understand how to prevent preschool expulsion. Using a random-assignment experiment, preschool teachers (N = 95; 92% female; 61% White) were assigned to one of eight conditions: child race (Black vs. White) <math><mo>×</mo></math> child gender (boy vs. girl) <math><mo>×</mo></math> parental cooperativity (cooperative vs. uncooperative). Teachers read two controlled vignettes: one about a child and one about that child's parents. The child vignette described the child's challenging classroom behavior (identical behavior for all children); the parent vignette described a subsequent meeting with the child's parents (half of the parents were described as uncooperative with the teacher and half as cooperative). After each vignette, teachers were asked to complete sections of the Preschool Expulsion Risk Measure (PERM) to assess two known risk factors for preschool expulsion: (a) teachers' perception of the disruptiveness of the child's classroom behavior and (b) teachers' feelings of hopelessness about changing the child's behavior. Even though the child's challenging behavior was controlled (by experimental design), teachers' construal of the child's behavior and teachers' feelings of hopelessness towards the child were significantly influenced by the descriptions of parental cooperation. Variations in results by child race and child gender are also reported. Findings indicate that teachers' perceptions of parents may be a particularly important factor to prevent children from preschool expulsion.</p>","PeriodicalId":48268,"journal":{"name":"Prevention Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}