{"title":"Artificial influencers, artificial designs? A systematic review of experimental research on virtual influencers","authors":"Sofie Vranken , Jaroslava Kaňková , Jörg Matthes","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid evolutions in AI technology, a new type of influencer has emerged in the social media landscape – virtual influencers (VIs). These digitally created individuals have proven highly effective in promoting products, brands, opinions, and behaviors. So far, research has already shed light on the unique characteristics and effects of VIs. However, we lack a systematic discussion about experimental designs, which is a key design to understand the effectiveness of VIs. In a preregistered systematic review of <em>N</em> = 157 experiments, we examine how such studies are designed, the effects they measure, and the main moderating and mediating variables involved. Most studies test disclosure effects rather than the core persuasive features of virtual influencers, raising concerns about ecological validity. We discuss methodological implications and suggest directions for more ecologically valid experimental designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102327"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stigmatization of mpox and the MSM community on Twitter: A computational approach to exploring the negative emotions expressed through stigmatizing language","authors":"Christopher Calabrese , Sushma Kumble , Xudong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by mpox, which may impact experiences of stigma and reinforce harmful stereotypes. Based on the theoretical propositions of the model of stigma communication (MSC), we investigate the stigmatizing language and emotions expressed on Twitter (N = 1,285,691) through emotion classification and semantic network analyses. Results indicate that fear was the most common stigma-related emotion present (39%), followed by anger (8%) and disgust (3%). While posts expressing fear focused on the disease itself, posts expressing anger and disgust primarily targeted the gay community. Findings reveal the significance of understanding how negative emotions expressed online can amplify stigma against minoritized communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using TikTok as a Search Engine: Affordances, Perceived Credibility, and Evaluative Actions","authors":"Pham Phuong Uyen Diep , Huu Dat Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on 494 survey responses (<em>N</em> = 494), we draw on the uses and gratifications (U&G) framework and affordance theory to examine TikTok users’ information-searching behaviors on the platform, as well as technical affordances that motivate these behaviors. Results demonstrate that, as a search engine, TikTok is perceived as less valuable than traditional search engines (e.g., Google) in terms of convenience, reassurance, independence, privacy, and functionality. Meanwhile, evaluative actions primarily focus on checking others’ comments and video elements rather than checking other official outside sources. Live-streaming and algorithm-driven recommendations significantly impact users’ perceived credibility of information found on TikTok and their sense of social presence. Algorithm-based recommendations also play a crucial role in shaping users’ trust in content and their verification behaviors. Contrary to expectations, meta-voicing (i.e., users’ engagement via the comment section and reactions) does not predict social presence, which hints at the need to refine existing affordance frameworks for short-form video platforms. Social presence and perceived source credibility, in turn, significantly predict information-seeking behaviors. Interestingly, higher perceived credibility leads to more evaluative actions being taken to reassess information found on TikTok. Empirically, the findings have implications for information literacy initiatives, platform design, and algorithmic transparency to understand users’ searching behaviors and how they evaluate information credibility on social media platforms. Theoretical implications of the findings, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research, are further discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Achieving your best self: How socio-economic variation and cultural values shape digital beauty trends","authors":"Yao SONG , Qiyuan ZHOU , Wenyi LI , Yuqing LIU","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selfie editing is a widespread practice in digital self-presentation, particularly on East Asian social media, where beauty ideals are shaped by cultural, economic, and global influences. This study examines how individuals modify their appearance in response to local beauty and broader digital norms, analyzing posts and metadata from Rednote. Focusing on posts featuring pre- and post-editing comparisons, we collected a dataset comprising over 80,000 selfies and quantified key facial modifications and their associations with socioeconomic variations. Our findings indicate that edits frequently emphasize baby schema traits, such as enlarged eyes and softened facial contours, reinforcing their role in digital beauty standards. Furthermore, a persistent preference for lighter skin tones reflects enduring cultural ideals in Chinese beauty norms. Notably, the intensity of these edits is inversely correlated with regional economic development, suggesting that identity construction, social capital and expectation, and global beauty influences shape editing behaviors. This study contributes to the understanding of digital self-presentation by illustrating how global beauty ideals, particularly baby schema, are selectively adapted within specific cultural and economic contexts. These findings have implications for social media platforms, digital marketing strategies, and media practices, offering valuable insights into the evolving landscape of beauty standards in online spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102325"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadcasting, lurking, and connection: A longitudinal panel study of fear of missing out, social media engagement, and problematic social media use","authors":"Cheng Chen , Xiao Zhang , Dennis Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fear of missing out (FoMO) has consistently been associated with problematic social media use in cross-sectional survey studies. Given that problematic social media use is not formed overnight, it remains unclear whether FoMO influences the development and escalation of problematic social media use over time. In addition, as FoMO often drives social media engagement, and certain types of engagement can lead to problematic use, this study examines whether different types of social media engagement—broadcasting, lurking, and connection—mediate the relationship between FoMO and problematic use. Using two-wave panel survey data (<em>N</em> = 447) from Hong Kong, we find that FoMO is positively related to problematic social media use in cross-sectional data, but it does not predict problematic behavior once it is established at Time 1. In addition, both social media broadcasting and connection positively mediate the relationship between FoMO and problematic use, even after controlling for prior levels of problematic use. In contrast, lurking mediates the relationship between FoMO and problematic social media use concurrently but not longitudinally. Theoretical implication for applying the Theory of Uses and Gratifications to understand the relationship between FoMO and unintended media use outcomes and practical implication for preventing FoMO-driven problematic social media use are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arif Perdana , W. Eric Lee , Chu Yeong Lim , Gary Pan , Poh-Sun Seow
{"title":"Effects of ethics and culture on one’s trust in cryptocurrencies: an inter-country configurational analysis","authors":"Arif Perdana , W. Eric Lee , Chu Yeong Lim , Gary Pan , Poh-Sun Seow","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characteristics of cryptocurrencies, such as decentralization, fluctuation, and anonymity, have often raised ethical concerns about their impact on privacy, cybersecurity, prosperity, and liberty. With an increased awareness of the potential consequences, it is essential to address how, in the face of ethical challenges, and together with one’s unique cultural values, various influences may affect the issue of trust toward cryptocurrencies. From an inter-country perspective, this study examines how ethical elements and cultural dimensions can interact to influence trust. In particular, we examine the ethical and cultural aspects of trust formation among cryptocurrencies’ users in the three predominant countries of Germany, China, and the United States. We use configurational analysis to investigate the relationships among ethics, culture, and trust in cryptocurrencies across these countries. The results of this study contribute to a greater global understanding of how different configurations of ethics and culture can influence one’s trust in cryptocurrencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What factors determine international television flows on over-the-top platforms? A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis approach","authors":"Dan Ro , Boram Kwon , Eujin Lee , Hyunmi Baek","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid evolution of Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms has redefined the dynamics of international cultural exchange and reshaped traditional media environments. This study explores the complex interplay of economic and cultural factors that influence the transnational flow of TV programs in the OTT era. Building upon existing perspectives, which explain international media flow, cultural imperialism, and cultural proximity, this study employs the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) methodology to uncover how these factors combine to shape recent media flows. Unlike previous studies that treated economic and cultural factors independently, this research examines their complex interactions to provide a more holistic understanding of their combined influence. This study analyzed data on the daily top 10 Netflix TV show streaming rankings in 75 countries from 1 January 2021 to 4 June 2023. The fsQCA analysis revealed three major patterns: 1) cases of high Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the production country, and close geographical distances between nations; 2) cases centered on linguistic similarity, that exhibit close geographical and cultural distances; and 3) cases of high GDP in the production country, linguistic similarities, and close cultural distances. These findings reveal that economic and cultural factors do not operate independently; instead, they interact in complex ways to shape global media flows providing a more holistic understanding of their influence by highlighting the importance of factor combinations in understanding cultural exchange. This research also offers empirical insights for OTT operators on optimizing content strategies and contributes to the broader understanding of international media management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"So close yet so far: Digital wounds from parental phubbing on adolescent digital self-harm","authors":"Honglei Gu , Yuhang Hu , Yufang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of digital technology has profoundly reshaped individual mental health, with issues such as digital self-harm and digital neglect emerging as unique psychological risks of the digital era. As a form of digital neglect within the family, the potential role of parental phubbing in triggering adolescent digital self-harm has yet to be fully explored. Based on compensatory internet use theory and demands-resources theory, this study explored the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent digital self-harm, as well as the mediating role of smartphone addiction and the moderating role of self-concept clarity. A total of 757 Chinese adolescents (52.2 % girls; <em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 14.40 years) anonymously completed the Parental Phubbing Scale, Digital Self-Harm Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, and Self-Concept Clarity Scale. The results indicated that parental phubbing significantly predicted adolescent digital self-harm, and smartphone addiction mediated this association. The mediating effect of smartphone addiction was significant only at low levels of self-concept clarity. These findings not only reveal the potential threats that parental phubbing poses to adolescent mental health in the digital age, but also provide a dual-system intervention framework from both family and individual perspectives for addressing adolescent digital self-harm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102314"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haixin Mu , Anfan Chen , Wanjiang Jacob Zhang , Qiyue Zhang , Maggie Mengqing Zhang , Shuning Lu , Hai Liang
{"title":"Authenticity perceived, authenticity performed: how inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated location-based information influences user engagement on Weibo","authors":"Haixin Mu , Anfan Chen , Wanjiang Jacob Zhang , Qiyue Zhang , Maggie Mengqing Zhang , Shuning Lu , Hai Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unanticipated other-generated information has posed challenges for online impression management. However, the consequences of inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated information (e.g., the difference between self-declared location and Internet Protocol addresses-based locations) are largely overlooked in prior research. Drawing on two authenticity facets—authenticity perceived by the audience and authenticity performed by the presenters—we argue that outcomes of inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated information depend on the presenter’s audience size. We specifically focus on the consequence of user engagement, a pivotal metric with significant implications in the digital landscape. Leveraging a natural experiment setting on Weibo, we analyzed 329 bloggers who provided overseas content and their 55,852 posts over four months. We employed a difference-in-differences design and our two-way fixed effect model revealed that inconsistency between the location-based self-generated and other-generated information influenced user engagement differently across presenter types. Engagement decreased for bloggers with fewer followers, in alignment with how audiences perceive the authenticity of the presenter. Conversely, engagement increased for individuals with a larger following. Additional analyses indicate that this increase among those with a substantial following could be linked to their self-presentation tactics and the attraction of new audiences, underscoring the presenters’ capability of performing authenticity. Our findings offer insights into the understanding of authenticity in computer-mediated communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuai Zhang , Yuxing Qian , Zhizhen Yao , Zhenni Ni , Yang Zhang
{"title":"From approach to avoidance: How AI agent cognitive and affective empathy elicits the uncanny valley effect","authors":"Shuai Zhang , Yuxing Qian , Zhizhen Yao , Zhenni Ni , Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tele.2025.102313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The empathy expressed by AI agents is crucial in human-AI interactions, especially within mental health contexts. However, the mechanisms underlying users’ responses to cognitive and affective empathy from AI agents are not well understood. This study examines the theoretical mechanisms and boundary conditions that determine how AI empathy influences users’ approach-avoidance intentions. Drawing on the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm and the uncanny valley effect (UVE), we propose a moderated dual mediation model. This model is empirically tested using two experimental studies. The results reveal distinct pathways by which cognitive and affective empathy affect approach-avoidance intentions. Specifically, cognitive empathy primarily influences approach-avoidance intentions via perceived novelty, whereas affective empathy exerts its effect through perceived warmth. Additionally, perceived warmth and eeriness together mediate the impact of affective empathy on approach-avoidance intentions. Notably, mindful AI agents strengthen the effect of affective empathy on the UVE but diminish the influence of cognitive empathy on approach-avoidance intentions, relative to mindless agents. These findings provide important insights for AI designers and companies seeking to develop empathetic, user-centered conversational agents for mental health applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48257,"journal":{"name":"Telematics and Informatics","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102313"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}