Social Development最新文献_第6页

Trusting others who vary in consistency between their personal standards and behavior: Differences by age, gender, and honesty trust beliefs 信任那些在个人标准和行为上不一致的人:年龄、性别和诚实信任信仰的差异

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12717

Ken J. Rotenberg, Becky MacDonald‐Taylor, Rebecca Holland

{"title":"Trusting others who vary in consistency between their personal standards and behavior: Differences by age, gender, and honesty trust beliefs","authors":"Ken J. Rotenberg, Becky MacDonald‐Taylor, Rebecca Holland","doi":"10.1111/sode.12717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12717","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Three studies examined age, gender, and trust belief differences in using the consistency principle to judge the trustworthiness of persons who varied in the consistency between their personal standards and behavior. The participants were 78 adults ( Mage = 22 years) in Study 1, 160 children from four age groups (6‐7, 8–9, 10–11, and 12–13, year‐olds) in Study 2, and 46 10–11‐year‐olds in Study 3 ( N = 284). Approximately equal numbers of predominately White males and females participated. They judged the trustworthiness of persons who demonstrated consistency or inconsistency between their personal standards and behavior. It was found that adults, 12–13‐year‐olds, 10–11‐year‐olds, and 10–11‐year‐olds with high honesty trust beliefs in others judged the inconsistent persons as less trustworthy than consistent persons. Those participant samples judged inconsistent persons as untrustworthy and consistent persons as trustworthy. Male adults and 12–13‐year‐olds judged consistent persons as more trustworthy than their female counterparts. There are age trends, gender differences, and differences in honesty trust beliefs in the use of consistency principle to judge the trustworthiness of persons varying in the consistency between their personal standards and behavior.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender essentialism predicts prejudice against gender nonconformity in two cultural contexts 性别本质主义预测了两种文化背景下对性别不一致的偏见

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12720

Rachel D. Fine, Kristina R. Olson, Selin Gülgöz, Rachel Horton, Susan A. Gelman

{"title":"Gender essentialism predicts prejudice against gender nonconformity in two cultural contexts","authors":"Rachel D. Fine, Kristina R. Olson, Selin Gülgöz, Rachel Horton, Susan A. Gelman","doi":"10.1111/sode.12720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12720","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gender‐nonconforming children face a substantial amount of prejudice, making it important to investigate potential contributing factors. In a correlational study of 253 U.S. Midwestern and Pacific Northwestern 6‐ to 10‐year‐old gender‐conforming children (Age M = 7.95, SD = 1.43; 54% girl, 46% boy; 77% White), we examined how gender essentialism (beliefs that gender is biological, discrete, informative, and immutable) and gender identity essentialism (beliefs that gender identity is immutable) relate to prejudice against gender‐nonconforming children. We also examined whether these associations varied by the child's cultural context (rural, non‐diverse, conservative vs. urban, more diverse, liberal). We found a positive correlation between gender essentialism and prejudice, in both cultural contexts. Additionally, children from the more rural context endorsed more essentialism and expressed more prejudice than did their counterparts from the more urban context. However, we found no differences in children's gender identity essentialism by cultural context and no association with prejudice.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations between pet relationship quality and socio‐emotional functioning in early adolescence 青少年早期宠物关系质量与社会情感功能的纵向关联

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12718

Megan K. Mueller, Kristina S. Callina, Amanda M. Richer, Linda Charmaraman

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between pet relationship quality and socio‐emotional functioning in early adolescence","authors":"Megan K. Mueller, Kristina S. Callina, Amanda M. Richer, Linda Charmaraman","doi":"10.1111/sode.12718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12718","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Adolescence is a key developmental period for socio‐emotional skills, and companion animal relationships may be one potential source of emotional support and resilience during this time. This study used longitudinal data from 940 pet‐owning adolescents, collected over four‐time points, from youth in the Northeastern United States. We assessed whether pet relationship quality (indexed by relationship satisfaction, companionship, and emotional disclosure) predicted trajectories of loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. Results indicated that high satisfaction with a pet relationship was associated with more favorable trajectories, but companionship (i.e., regarding the frequency of interacting with the pet) was not related significantly to socio‐emotional functioning. High levels of disclosure to a pet were linked with less favorable trajectories for loneliness and depression, but not related to social anxiety. These results suggest that a pet relationship can, in some cases, be associated positively with socio‐emotional development, but that there is significant complexity in these associations. Families, educators, and practitioners should take a nuanced approach to understanding individual adolescent‐pet relationships as a contextual asset for specific youth.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Development 社会发展

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12616

引用次数: 0

Family separation from military service and children's externalizing symptoms: Exploring moderation by non‐military spouse employment, family financial stress, marital quality, and the parenting alliance 家庭与兵役分离和儿童外化症状:探索非军人配偶就业、家庭经济压力、婚姻质量和养育联盟的调节作用

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12713

Sabrina M. Richardson, Jacqueline C. Pflieger, Elizabeth Hisle‐Gorman, Ernestine C. Briggs, John A. Fairbank, Valerie A. Stander

{"title":"Family separation from military service and children's externalizing symptoms: Exploring moderation by non‐military spouse employment, family financial stress, marital quality, and the parenting alliance","authors":"Sabrina M. Richardson, Jacqueline C. Pflieger, Elizabeth Hisle‐Gorman, Ernestine C. Briggs, John A. Fairbank, Valerie A. Stander","doi":"10.1111/sode.12713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12713","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Military separation is a well‐documented vulnerability point for service members, yet little is known regarding how children fare across this transition. The current study examined 909 military‐connected children from the Millennium Cohort Family Study (Wave 1 M age = 3.88 years, SD = .095) across a 3‐year period to explore whether separation predicted child externalizing symptoms over and above Wave 1 externalizing levels, by comparing separated versus not separated military families over time. We also explored if non‐military spouse employment, financial stress, marital quality, or parenting alliance moderated the relation of separation with child externalizing. Data were collected via a parent‐reported online questionnaire and administrative military records. Results showed that separation was unrelated to externalizing. However, moderation analyses suggested that for those who separated, non‐military spouses’ employment prior to separation was related to less externalizing, whereas the parenting alliance was related to less externalizing only for families who remained in the military. Recommendations include assistance with spouse employment prior to military separation and parenting support throughout military service.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136212823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early childhood predictors of early school‐age academic skills and resilience among children living in poverty 贫困儿童早期学龄学习技能和适应能力的早期儿童预测因素

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12715

Daniel Ewon Choe, Santiago Barreda, Chardée A. Galán, Frances Gardner, Melvin N. Wilson, Thomas J. Dishion, Daniel S. Shaw

{"title":"Early childhood predictors of early school‐age academic skills and resilience among children living in poverty","authors":"Daniel Ewon Choe, Santiago Barreda, Chardée A. Galán, Frances Gardner, Melvin N. Wilson, Thomas J. Dishion, Daniel S. Shaw","doi":"10.1111/sode.12715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12715","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This longitudinal study of low‐income families tested neighborhood‐, family‐, and child‐centered promotive factors in early childhood, responses to an early family intervention, and their interactions as predictors of school‐entry levels of and early school‐age gains in academic skills. Using a racially‐diverse, low‐income sample ( n = 527) from a randomized controlled trial of the Family Check‐Up (FCU) intervention and Bayesian multilevel regression modeling, we tested whether neighborhood cohesion, positive mother–child engagement, and child self‐regulation in early childhood (ages 2–5 years) and their interactions with FCU group assignment predicted the intercept and slope of academic skills across child age 5, 7.5, and 8.5 years. Higher positive mother–child engagement and child self‐regulation predicted higher academic skills at school entry. An interaction between the FCU intervention and positive mother–child engagement predicted gains in academic skills compared to national norms. The findings suggest the FCU intervention leveraged positive mother–child engagement in early childhood to promote academic skills, offering a potential avenue from which to prevent income achievement gaps before school entry.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135899984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Children's and adolescents’ evaluations of wealth‐related STEM inequality 儿童和青少年对与财富相关的STEM不平等的评价

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12710

Luke McGuire, Christina Marlow, Adam J. Hoffman, Angelina Joy, Fidelia Law, Adam Hartstone‐Rose, Adam Rutland, Mark Winterbottom, Frances Balkwill, Karen P. Burns, Laurence Butler, Grace Fields, Kelly Lynn Mulvey

{"title":"Children's and adolescents’ evaluations of wealth‐related STEM inequality","authors":"Luke McGuire, Christina Marlow, Adam J. Hoffman, Angelina Joy, Fidelia Law, Adam Hartstone‐Rose, Adam Rutland, Mark Winterbottom, Frances Balkwill, Karen P. Burns, Laurence Butler, Grace Fields, Kelly Lynn Mulvey","doi":"10.1111/sode.12710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12710","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are rife with inequalities and under‐representation that have their roots in childhood. While researchers have focused on gender and race/ethnicity as two key dimensions of inequality, less attention has been paid to wealth. To this end, and drawing from the Social Reasoning Development approach, we examined children's and adolescents’ perceptions of STEM ability and access to opportunities as a function of wealth, as well as their desire to rectify such inequalities. Participants ( n = 234: early childhood, n = 70, mean age = 6.33, SD = .79; middle childhood, n = 92, mean age = 8.90, SD = .83 and early adolescence, n = 62, mean age = 12.00; SD = 1.16) in the U.K. (64% White British) and U.S. (40% White/European American) read about two characters, one high‐wealth and one low‐wealth. In early childhood, participants reported that the high‐wealth character would have greater STEM ability and were just as likely to invite either character to take part in a STEM opportunity. By middle childhood, participants were more likely to report equal STEM abilities for both characters and to seek to rectify inequalities by inviting the low‐wealth character to take part in a STEM opportunity. However, older participants reported that peers would still prefer to invite the high‐wealth character. These findings also varied by ethnic group status, with minority status participants rectifying inequalities at a younger age than majority status participants. Together these findings document that children are aware of STEM inequalities based on wealth and, with age, will increasingly seek to rectify these inequalities.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Domain‐general or specific: How is children's understanding of deception socialized? 领域-一般或特定:儿童对欺骗的理解是如何社会化的?

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12712

Jedediah W. P. Allen, Demet Kara

{"title":"Domain‐general or specific: How is children's understanding of deception socialized?","authors":"Jedediah W. P. Allen, Demet Kara","doi":"10.1111/sode.12712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12712","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current study investigated parenting influences on children's understanding of lie‐telling in eight different social situations. These social situations clustered into two broad categories that have been assumed in the literature: first, self‐oriented lies that were generally told to benefit the self (e.g., to avoid punishment or gain status); and second, socio‐culturally‐oriented lies that were told for more social reasons (e.g., to create positive affect, maintain modesty or politeness). Two types of parenting variables were also measured. The first concerned more general parenting practices and have been studied in the literature; while the second was about more specific parental deceptive behaviors like lying to your child for their compliance. Participants included 141 Turkish parent‐child dyads aged 7, 9, and 11. All children judged the self‐oriented and the socio‐cultural lies as inappropriate but more so for the self‐oriented ones; further, the socio‐cultural lies were judged less negatively with age. While general parenting practices did not predict children's judgments, for parental deceptive practices, there were strong negative relationships between parents’ use of threatening lies (e.g., “come with me or I'll leave you here”) and children's judgments for both self‐ and socio‐cultural lie types. The two main conclusions are that specific parental deceptive practices are more relevant than general parenting for understanding children's judgments about lie‐telling situations. Second, the assumed categorization of lies into “self‐” and “social‐” seems generally valid when using a plurality of situations. Finally, some issues related to the morality of lie‐telling are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48203,"journal":{"name":"Social Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How bad is it to eat an intelligent chicken? Children's judgments of eating animals are less ‘self‐serving’ than adults 吃一只聪明的鸡有多糟糕?与成年人相比，孩子们对吃动物的判断不那么“自私”

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12709

Heather Henseler Kozachenko, Jared Piazza

引用次数: 0

Reputation and prosocial lies in development 信誉和亲社会在于发展

4区心理学

Social Development Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12711

Cynthia Xinran Guo, Philippe Rochat

引用次数: 0