Pan African Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Long COVID symptoms in the COVID unit of the emergency Department of Abderrahmen Mami Hospital in Tunisia: prevalence, main symptoms, and associated factors.","authors":"Nawel Dhaouadi, Donia Souissi, Sarra Ben Yacoub, Afef Skhiri, Chahida Harizi, Radhouane Fakhfakh, Rafik Boujdaria","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.109.37221","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.109.37221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>the COVID-19 pandemic has been evolving since 2019, affecting over 536 million individuals and causing more than six million deaths. After the acute phase, the onset or persistence of symptoms grouped under the name of long COVID is reported. The variability of symptomatology makes this a relevant subject of study, since more than one million cases of COVID-19 have been reported in Tunisia. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors for long COVID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>we conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the COVID unit of the emergency department of Abderrahmane Mami Hospital in Tunisia from April 1st to August 1st, 2021. The National Institute of Health Care definition of long COVID (November 2021) was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>overall, 1,271 patients were admitted during the study period. After excluding deceased and unreachable patients by telephone, 454 were included in the analysis. The mean age was 58.6 ± 13.9 years, with a male predominance (53.7%). The prevalence of long COVID was 84.8%. The most common manifestations were breathing discomfort, asthenia, memory problems, tiredness, and arthralgia. In multivariable analysis, female sex was identified as a risk factor for long COVID (aOR: 1.732, 95% CI 1.002-2.995; p = 0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>the high prevalence of long COVID observed in our study highlights the need for post-COVID follow-up among affected patients. Our findings suggest that women had a higher risk of developing long COVID, indicating the benefit of individualized monitoring and care programs for this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and molecular profile of breast cancer: a retrospective study in Casablanca, Morocco.","authors":"Khadija Khadiri, Zineb Khadrouf, Abderrahmane Mellouki, Oumaima Bouchra, Amina Essalihi, Abdallah Naya, Majda Taoudi Benchekroun, Mehdi Karkouri","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.105.43868","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.105.43868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>breast cancer is a major public health concern in Morocco due to delayed diagnosis and treatment, largely due to its high incidence. It is the most prevalent cancer in women. This study aimed to report the epidemiological and the molecular profile of invasive breast carcinoma using surrogate immunohistochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>during 24 months from 1^st January 2020 to 31^st December 2021 at the Pathology Department of Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca, Morocco, we conducted a retrospective study comprised 1,558 breast cancer cases, including male patients. The generated data was analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software to define the epidemiological and molecular features of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>this epidemiological study reveals that the mean age of patients was 52 ± 12.27 years. The most common histological type is invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, which accounts for 90.5% (n=1,410) of cases. Regarding Ellis and Elston modified Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grade, grade III was the most common, 52.2% (n=521), followed by grade II, 44% (n=438), and grade I, 3.8% (n=38), as assessed by the SBR grade. The molecular classification results indicate that luminal B was the most common subtype at 52.2% (n=441), followed by triple-negative at 19.6% (n=166), with HER2 phenotype representing 17.4% (n=147) and luminal A at 10.8% (n=91).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>this study highlights that invasive breast carcinoma of no special type is the most common type, with grade III tumors being the most frequent. The majority of cases were luminal B, underscoring the need for targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited joint mobility syndrome: a striking clinical sign not to be missed.","authors":"Naushad Abid, Hamzah Naushad Siddiqui","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.106.47598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2025.50.106.47598","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary toxoplasmosis in the immunocompetent.","authors":"Ashwin Karnan","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.104.47258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2025.50.104.47258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leiomyoma cutis.","authors":"Aishwarya Kishor Kedar, Rohini Amar Rathod","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.103.44518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2025.50.103.44518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Epidermophyton floccosum</i>, an etiological agent of tinea pedis and tinea unguium: about two cases.","authors":"Rania Besrour, Latifa Mtibaa, Faten Rabhi, Nawel Baccouchi, Abderraouf Dhaoui, Boutheina Jemli","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.102.40580","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.102.40580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermatophytia is an infection caused by keratinophilic filamentous fungi. The distribution of dermatophytes varies by country and geographic area. Epidermophyton (E) floccosum has experienced a downward trend in recent years. It is an anthropophilic dermatophyte that causes mainly skin infections in humans. We report two observations of a tinea pedis and a tinea unguium due to E. floccosum. A 70-year-old diabetic patient was admitted to dermatology to manage leg erysipelas. The patient had scaly plantar keratoderma and intertrigo of the toe-web spaces. Mycological sampling showed at direct examination mycelial filaments. A real-time Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) allowed the identification of E. floccosum. The patient was treated with terbinafine ointment and short-term antibiotic therapy with favorable clinical course. A 70-year-old patient presented with subungual hyperkeratosis of the two big toenails, longitudinal melanonychia on the right, xanthonychia and distal onycholysis on the left. Microscopic examination of fungal colonies allowed the identification of Epidermophyton floccosum. A confirmation of the species diagnosis was carried out by real-time PCR. The patient was treated with terbinafine 250 mg daily for 6 months. Conventional techniques are, in most cases, sufficient for diagnosing superficial mycosis. However, identification is sometimes difficult, hence the importance of the contribution of molecular biology in the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating adolescence matters in Indonesia: insights and needs of students in Islamic schools.","authors":"Cennikon Pakpahan, Bella Amanda, Renny Sumino, Azlansyah Azlansyah, Christian Melka Simatupang, Lika Putri Handini, Tia Maya, Pranee Liamputtong, Andri Rezano","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.100.46168","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.100.46168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>adolescence is a critical period marked by significant physical, emotional, and social changes. In Indonesia, where cultural and religious norms play a central role in shaping societal attitudes, adolescents face unique challenges as they navigate through this developmental stage. Islamic boarding schools, or pesantren, provide a distinctive setting where adolescents receive secular and religious education. Understanding the experiences and needs of adolescents in these settings is essential for developing targeted interventions to support healthy development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>this study employed a qualitative approach, utilizing focus group discussions to explore students' perspectives in Islamic boarding schools. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 32 participants, divided into male and female groups. Data were collected through recorded interviews, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>three main themes emerged from the data: the importance of reproductive health knowledge, navigating romantic feelings and privacy, and the impact of bullying. Cultural and religious values were identified as significant influencers of adolescent behavior, highlighting the importance of integrating these values into educational interventions. They also discussed challenges related to romantic feelings, privacy boundaries, and bullying experiences within the school environment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>this study provides valuable insights into the experiences and needs of adolescents in Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. The findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive sex and reproductive education, cultural sensitivity, and targeted interventions to support adolescent well-being in these settings. Future research should explore the perspectives of parents and educators to develop more holistic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission and therapeutic modalities on condyloma acuminata in children: a case report.","authors":"Nissa Avina Pilar, Hasnikmah Mappamasing, Regitta Indira Agusni, Septiana Widyantari, Maylita Sari, Astindari Astindari, Afif Nurul Hidayati","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.101.45681","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.101.45681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents a unique instance of condyloma acuminata in a one-year-old child, which adds to the scientific literature by highlighting the potential for non-sexual transmission in pediatric patients. The child exhibited a rapidly enlarging, skin-colored lump around the anus, initially a small bump that soon resembled a cauliflower. Acetowhite testing was positive, and histopathological examination revealed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillomatosis, leading to the diagnosis of condyloma acuminata. The main therapeutic intervention involved the application of 90% trichloroacetic acid (TCA), resulting in complete lesion resolution after two treatments, with no recurrence observed over a six-month follow-up period. This case emphasizes the urgent need for special attention to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in children, considering the potential link to sexual violence. It highlights the critical, holistic role of venereology specialists, not only in providing effective and safe curative treatments but also in actively preventing further transmission and supporting vulnerable patients like children.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dolutegravir combined anti-retroviral agents as second-line drugs and virologic suppression of adults with HIV in Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti - case series.","authors":"Oluwaserimi Adewumi Ajetunmobi, Wasiu Adegbenga Ajetunmobi, Olumide Emmanuel Adewara, Olusegun Emmanuel Gabriel-Alayode, Oluwafemi Johnson Adegbamigbe, Olusegun Emmanuel Omosanya, Helen Titilayo Ilori","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.99.40350","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.99.40350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition to dolutegravir (DTG)-combined anti-retroviral therapy (ART) as a preferred option in both first- and second-line for all populations was adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to encouraging safety data for women and adolescent girls during the peri-conception period. This case series aimed at determining the viral suppression of adults with HIV on Dolutegravir combined anti-retroviral agents as second-line drugs. Four clients' viral suppression were observed from ART initiation to switching to second line and later transiting to the DTG-combined regimen and the findings was that clients A and B, who were transitioned to the DTG-combined regimen had superior viral suppression by three months when compared to clients C and D who were switched to second line. The case series supports the WHO recommendation that the DTG-based regimen is the preferred first- and second-line switch ART regimen in HIV management, in achieving faster viral load suppression than any other regimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of presumptive clinical signs of breast cancer among women attending an early detection campaign in Lomé in 2023.","authors":"Adjovi Evenunye Sodokin, Kokoe Melinda Gbadoe, Adanvo Isaac Houngnigbe, Ben Ali, Kodjo Déla Agbewornu, Tchin Darre","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.98.43237","DOIUrl":"10.11604/pamj.2025.50.98.43237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in Togo. Screening and early diagnosis campaigns are organised to limit the late use of health services. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of presumptive clinical signs of breast cancer and to identify associated factors in Lomé.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2023 in the commune of Lomé, Togo. Sampling was non-probability and voluntary. Data were collected using a digital questionnaire during the clinical examination of patients. Data were processed and analysed using R 4.3.2 software. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to identify associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a total of 151 participants took part in the study. The largest group was aged between 18 and 24. The median age of the participants was 29 years, with an interquartile range IIQ: 23 years - 41 years. The prevalence of clinical signs of breast cancer was 35.5%. A nodule in the breast was the main symptom (24.8%), followed by breast discharge (8.3%). The number of children (ORa = 1.84; p = 0.030) was significantly associated with the presence of clinical signs of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>the prevalence of presumptive clinical signs of breast cancer among women during a mass early detection campaign is high. It highlights the crucial importance of early detection through mass population campaigns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48190,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"50 ","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}