Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung最新文献_第8页

Naturalistic multimodal emotion data with deep learning can advance the theoretical understanding of emotion. 基于深度学习的自然多模态情感数据可以促进对情感的理论理解。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02068-y

Thanakorn Angkasirisan

{"title":"Naturalistic multimodal emotion data with deep learning can advance the theoretical understanding of emotion.","authors":"Thanakorn Angkasirisan","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02068-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02068-y","url":null,"abstract":"What are emotions? Despite being a century-old question, emotion scientists have yet to agree on what emotions exactly are. Emotions are diversely conceptualised as innate responses (evolutionary view), mental constructs (constructivist view), cognitive evaluations (appraisal view), or self-organising states (dynamical systems view). This enduring fragmentation likely stems from the limitations of traditional research methods, which often adopt narrow methodological approaches. Methods from artificial intelligence (AI), particularly those leveraging big data and deep learning, offer promising approaches for overcoming these limitations. By integrating data from multimodal markers of emotion, including subjective experiences, contextual factors, brain-bodily physiological signals and expressive behaviours, deep learning algorithms can uncover and map their complex relationships within multidimensional spaces. This multimodal emotion framework has the potential to provide novel, nuanced insights into long-standing questions, such as whether emotion categories are innate or learned and whether emotions exhibit coherence or degeneracy, thereby refining emotion theories. Significant challenges remain, particularly in obtaining comprehensive naturalistic multimodal emotion data, highlighting the need for advances in synchronous measurement of naturalistic multimodal emotion.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does cognitive inhibition contribute to working memory and reasoning during childhood? 认知抑制是否有助于儿童时期的工作记忆和推理？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02066-0

Yesica Sabina Aydmune, María Fernanda López-Ramón, Eliana Vanesa Zamora, Lorena Canet Juric, Isabel María Introzzi

{"title":"Does cognitive inhibition contribute to working memory and reasoning during childhood?","authors":"Yesica Sabina Aydmune, María Fernanda López-Ramón, Eliana Vanesa Zamora, Lorena Canet Juric, Isabel María Introzzi","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02066-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02066-0","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical frameworks suggest that cognitive inhibition suppresses irrelevant information in working memory, preventing overload and promoting the processing of task-relevant information. Consequently, it may also contribute to more complex skills, such as abstract reasoning, by facilitating the retention and processing of patterns and relationships. However, empirical evidence does not consistently show these relationships in early elementary school years. This study aims to examine the validity of the following theoretical proposition: cognitive inhibition is a fundamental process that influences working memory, and both contribute to abstract reasoning in children aged 6-8 years. The final sample included 293 schoolchildren from 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grades, who completed tasks measuring cognitive inhibition, working memory, and reasoning. Age was also considered in the analyses. The main results indicate that age is associated with improvements in working memory and reasoning (explaining 19% of the variance), but not with cognitive inhibition performance. Additionally, cognitive inhibition directly contributes to working memory (explaining 19% of the variance), and working memory, but not cognitive inhibition, contributes to abstract reasoning (the model explains 23% of the variance). No indirect effects were found. We discuss the importance of incorporating specific relationships between cognitive skills at different developmental stages into theoretical and practical proposals.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implications of neural integration of math and spatial experiences for math ability and math anxiety. 数学和空间体验的神经整合对数学能力和数学焦虑的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02063-3

Raeanne N Martell, Richard J Daker, H Moriah Sokolowski, Daniel Ansari, Ian M Lyons

{"title":"Implications of neural integration of math and spatial experiences for math ability and math anxiety.","authors":"Raeanne N Martell, Richard J Daker, H Moriah Sokolowski, Daniel Ansari, Ian M Lyons","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02063-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02063-3","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical and spatial abilities are positively related at both the behavioral and neural levels. Much of the evidence illuminating this relationship comes from classic laboratory-based experimental methods focused on cognitive performance despite most individuals also experiencing math and space in other contexts, such as in conversations or lectures. To broaden our understanding of math-space integration in these more commonplace situations, we used an auditory memory-encoding task with stimuli whose content evoked a range of educational and everyday settings related to math or spatial thinking. We used a multivariate approach to directly assess the extent of neural similarity between activity patterns elicited by these math and spatial stimuli. Results from whole-brain searchlight analysis revealed a highly specific positive relation between math and spatial activity patterns in bilateral anterior hippocampi. Examining individual variation in math-space similarity, we found that greater math-space similarity in bilateral anterior hippocampi was associated with poorer math skills and higher anxiety about math. Integration of neural responses to mathematical and spatial content may not always portend positive outcomes. We suggest that episodic simulation of quotidian contexts may link everyday experiences with math and spatial thinking-and the strength of this link is predictive of math in a manner that diverges from math-space associations derived from more lab-based tasks. On a methodological level, this work points to the value of considering a wider range of experimental paradigms, and of the value of combining multivariate fMRI analysis with behavioral data to better contextualize interpretations of brain data.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ERP study on multiplication and its relationship to phonological processing in children and adults. 儿童和成人乘法及其与语音加工关系的ERP研究。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02036-6

Heather G Simpson, Lisa M Henderson, Silke M Göbel

{"title":"An ERP study on multiplication and its relationship to phonological processing in children and adults.","authors":"Heather G Simpson, Lisa M Henderson, Silke M Göbel","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02036-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02036-6","url":null,"abstract":"Associations between arithmetic and reading skills suggest that these important abilities may rely, at least in part, on shared neurocognitive processes. It has been argued that retrieval of arithmetic facts may rely on phonological processing; however, very few studies have explored this association using neural indices and whether it manifests similarly in children and adults. Here we examined event related potentials (ERPs) as an indirect neural correlate of arithmetic fact retrieval, and whether variability in ERP modulation is associated with individual differences in phonological processing (verbal working memory, rate of access, and phonological awareness). Arithmetic processing was examined in two samples with different levels of arithmetic expertise: (1) young adults (n = 24; Mage = 21.8 years); and (2) children (n = 25; Mage = 11.2 years). Participants were presented with simple multiplication equations that were correct or incorrect. Significant modulations of the ERPs by correctness were found at posterior electrodes in both samples, however, in different components. In adults a modulation of the P300 was observed, while for children the N400 response was modulated. For both children and adults, the size of the ERP modulation in posterior electrodes was associated with individual differences in verbal working memory. These results highlight an important distinction between behavioral outcomes and their underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Additionally, they provide insight into how arithmetic processing evolves over the course of development.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Number, size, and space associated in a common system by distinct mechanisms. 通过不同的机制在一个共同系统中关联的数量、大小和空间。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02052-6

Bihua Cao, Zhenwei Su, Fang Yi, Fuhong Li

{"title":"Number, size, and space associated in a common system by distinct mechanisms.","authors":"Bihua Cao, Zhenwei Su, Fang Yi, Fuhong Li","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02052-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02052-6","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect demonstrates that people respond faster to small numbers with their left hand and faster to large numbers with their right hand. The size congruity effect (SCE) refers to the fact that congruent trials between numerical values and physical sizes are faster than incongruent trials. Previous studies have found that the SNARC effect and SCE are independent when magnitudes or sizes are processed explicitly. This study aimed to explore whether number, size, and space are common and distinct mechanisms using an implicit parity judgment task. The results showed that the SNARC effect, SCE, and SNARC-like effect all co-existed. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between the SNARC effect and SCE, in which the SNARC effect in the SCE-congruent condition was larger than in the SCE-incongruent condition, whereas SCE merely emerged in the SNARC-compatible trials. However, participants responded to small numbers in large size faster than to large numbers in small size with the left hand in SCE-incongruent trials, which reflected that number-space mapping (SNARC effect) was stronger than size-space mapping (SNARC-like effect). These findings provide new evidence for A Theory of Magnitude (ATOM), which suggests that number, size, and space are associated with a common generalized magnitude system through distinct mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating the distribution of numerosity and non-numerical visual magnitudes in natural scenes using computer vision. 利用计算机视觉估计自然场景中数量级和非数量级的视觉星等分布。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02064-2

Kuinan Hou, Marco Zorzi, Alberto Testolin

{"title":"Estimating the distribution of numerosity and non-numerical visual magnitudes in natural scenes using computer vision.","authors":"Kuinan Hou, Marco Zorzi, Alberto Testolin","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02064-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02064-2","url":null,"abstract":"Humans share with many animal species the ability to perceive and approximately represent the number of objects in visual scenes. This ability improves throughout childhood, suggesting that learning and development play a key role in shaping our number sense. This hypothesis is further supported by computational investigations based on deep learning, which have shown that numerosity perception can spontaneously emerge in neural networks that learn the statistical structure of images with a varying number of items. However, neural network models are usually trained using synthetic datasets that might not faithfully reflect the statistical structure of natural environments, and there is also growing interest in using more ecological visual stimuli to investigate numerosity perception in humans. In this work, we exploit recent advances in computer vision algorithms to design and implement an original pipeline that can be used to estimate the distribution of numerosity and non-numerical magnitudes in large-scale datasets containing thousands of real images depicting objects in daily life situations. We show that in natural visual scenes the frequency of appearance of different numerosities follows a power law distribution. Moreover, we show that the correlational structure for numerosity and continuous magnitudes is stable across datasets and scene types (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous object sets). We suggest that considering such \"ecological\" pattern of covariance is important to understand the influence of non-numerical visual cues on numerosity judgements.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symbolic representations of infinity: the impact of notation and numerical syntax. 无穷的符号表示：符号和数值语法的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02050-8

Ami Feder, Yair Graithzer, Michal Pinhas

引用次数: 0

Input device matters for measures of behaviour in online experiments. 输入设备对在线实验中的行为测量至关重要。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02065-1

Matthew Warburton, Carlo Campagnoli, Mark Mon-Williams, Faisal Mushtaq, J Ryan Morehead

{"title":"Input device matters for measures of behaviour in online experiments.","authors":"Matthew Warburton, Carlo Campagnoli, Mark Mon-Williams, Faisal Mushtaq, J Ryan Morehead","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02065-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02065-1","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of perception, cognition, and action increasingly rely on measures derived from the movements of a cursor to investigate how psychological processes unfold over time. This method is one of the most sensitive measures available for remote experiments conducted online, but experimenters have little control over the input device used by participants, typically a mouse or trackpad. These two devices require biomechanically distinct movements to operate, so measures extracted from cursor tracking data may differ between input devices. We investigated this in two online experiments requiring participants to execute goal-directed movements. We identify several measures that are critically influenced by the choice of input device using a kinematic decomposition of the recorded cursor trajectories. Those using a trackpad were slower to acquire targets, mainly attributable to greater times required to initiate movements and click on targets, despite showing greater peak speeds and lower variability in their movements. We believe there is a substantial risk that behavioural disparities caused by the input device used could be misidentified as differences in psychological processes. We urge researchers to collect data on input devices in online experiments and carefully consider and account for the effect they may have on their experimental data.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anchoring bias in mental arithmetic. 心算中的锚定偏差。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02035-7

Samuel Shaki, Martin H Fischer

{"title":"Anchoring bias in mental arithmetic.","authors":"Samuel Shaki, Martin H Fischer","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02035-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02035-7","url":null,"abstract":"Mental arithmetic is widely studied, both with symbolic digits and with non-symbolic dot patterns that require operand estimation. Several studies reported surprising biases in adults' performance with both formats while their direction (over/underestimation in addition/subtraction) remains controversial (operational momentum effect or OM; Prado & Knops, Prado and Knops, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, in Press., 2024). Theoretical accounts of OM make opposing predictions, thus enabling a decisive test: Using symbolic stimuli and responses, we enabled accurate operand encoding and result reporting, thus leaving mental calculation as only source of bias. Importantly, we manipulated operand order through calculation instructions (e.g., \"29 + 19\" vs. \"add 19 to 29\") to assess the crucial role of first operand size as cognitive anchor. With both auditory (Experiment 1, N = 30) and visual presentation (Experiment 2, N = 30), we observed reverse OM, i.e., overestimations in subtraction and underestimations in addition. Importantly, this instance of operation-based anchoring was independent of a second anchoring effect related to operand order: A large operand is a stronger anchor when mentioned first. Our discovery of both operation-based and order-based anchoring extends the well-known anchoring effect into mental arithmetic and eliminates several competing theories about the origin of OM.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visuospatial working memory and (free and cued) recall of survey knowledge after environment navigation. 环境导航后的视觉空间工作记忆和调查知识的（自由和提示）回忆。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02030-y

Veronica Muffato, Laura Miola, Francesca Pazzaglia, Chiara Meneghetti

{"title":"Visuospatial working memory and (free and cued) recall of survey knowledge after environment navigation.","authors":"Veronica Muffato, Laura Miola, Francesca Pazzaglia, Chiara Meneghetti","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02030-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-024-02030-y","url":null,"abstract":"Navigating environments is a fundamental ability of daily life, with survey knowledge playing a crucial role. Survey knowledge varies between individuals, and these variations may be related to individual differences in visuospatial working memory (VSWM) ability. However, other factors, such as the modalities of recall (cued vs. free recall) of survey knowledge, could interact with VSWM resources. The present study aimed to clarify whether various types of VSWM contribute to survey knowledge under specific recall modalities or regardless of how spatial information is retrieved. A sample of 74 young adults performed VSWM tasks with varying processing demands and degrees of active involvement. Then, they actively learned a virtual city path in a Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) environment, and their survey knowledge was assessed using a sketch map task in free and cued recall modalities (within-participants). Cued recall demonstrated an advantage in sketch map accuracy over free recall. VSWM with simultaneous processing and active mental imagery is associated with sketch map accuracy, but not other VSWM. Importantly, no interaction was found between VSWM and the modality of recall. Therefore, survey knowledge is primarily related to VSWM, regardless of recall modality, emphasizing the importance of VSWM ability in capturing survey knowledge after active navigation.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0