{"title":"Revisiting the two-factor model of ethnic-racial and U.S. identity exploration among Hispanic college students.","authors":"Alan Meca, Bethany Cruz, Isabella Cruz, Zenetta Hinojosa, Michelle Nguyễn, Melinda Gonzales-Backen","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000810","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Establishing a positive ethnic-racial identity (ERI) and U.S. identity (USI) is an important cultural asset capable of promoting positive adjustment. Although exploration has been identified as the fundamental process underlying ERI and USI development, existing research has largely utilized a unidimensional conceptualization. The present study sought to replicate Syed et al.'s (2013) findings, which differentiated between two forms of ERI exploration, search (i.e., reflection/talking to others) and participation (i.e., involvement in events/experiences), and extend to USI. Moreover, we sought to examine the unique associations between ERI and USI exploration with resolution and negative affect.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample included 416 Hispanic/Latine college students (83.7% female; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 20.57 years) recruited from a psychology department participant pool at a public Hispanic-serving institution in South Florida in 2017. Participants completed the online survey at their convenience in exchange for course credit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings provided support for the differentiation between ERI and USI search and participation, which were uniquely and differentially associated with resolution and negative affect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the need to move beyond unidimensional conceptualizations of exploration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chanel Meyers, Jenny Kim, Gretchen Nihill, Marcus Cumberbatch
{"title":"The impact of racial diversity within college campuses for students of color.","authors":"Chanel Meyers, Jenny Kim, Gretchen Nihill, Marcus Cumberbatch","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000806","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Student populations in higher education are rapidly increasing in diversity. Despite their access to higher education, students of color still face numerous structural and interpersonal barriers to their success within these institutions. Plethora of research suggests that more racially diverse groups improve climate and performance within institutions; however, it is less clear whether it matters where this diversity is represented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We experimentally tested whether racial diversity on college campuses would shape important student-related outcomes, such as sense of belonging, interests in the institution, and their perceptions of the institution's commitment to diversity. Importantly, we examine whether these effects of racial diversity differ when this representation is presented in student versus faculty populations on campus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across two studies, we find that racially diverse campuses lead to more belonging, college interest, and honest perceptions of an institution's commitment to diversity, which are crucial for students to both enter and succeed within institutions of higher learning. However, we detect no differences whether this diversity is represented within students versus faculty. Critically, we find no differences in these effects among students of color and White students.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that greater racial diversity on college campuses is essential to fostering positive student-related outcomes, not only for students of color but also for all students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiffany Yip, Zhenqiang Zhao, Kyle Lorenzo, Enrique Dimagiba, Jinjin Yan, Nidia Ruedas-Gracia, Heining Cham, David Chae, Mona El Sheikh
{"title":"Multilevel associations between discrimination and sleep health among ethnically and racially minoritized students during the college transition: Coping as a mediator.","authors":"Tiffany Yip, Zhenqiang Zhao, Kyle Lorenzo, Enrique Dimagiba, Jinjin Yan, Nidia Ruedas-Gracia, Heining Cham, David Chae, Mona El Sheikh","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000805","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ethnically and racially minoritized college students encounter various forms of discrimination, which disrupt sleep health. However, the mechanisms linking daily and chronic discrimination and sleep are less clear. This study investigated coping responses as a mediator linking discrimination and sleep at both the daily and chronic levels.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The analytic sample includes 482 ethnically and racially minoritized first-year college students (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 18.4 years, <i>SD</i> = 0.45; 77% female; 24% Asian or Asian American; 15% Black, African American or West Indian; 25% Hispanic or Latinx; 35% multiracial; and 1% other) at a predominantly White institution in the northeastern United States. Everyday discrimination, ethnic and racial discrimination, coping responses to stressful events, and sleep were measured with self-reported, 14-day daily diary surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from multilevel mediation analysis showed that rumination fully mediated the within person-level associations between both everyday discrimination and ethnic and racial discrimination and sleep onset latency. Rumination also mediated the between person-level associations between everyday discrimination and ethnic and racial discrimination and sleep health (i.e., sleep duration, sleep quality, respectively). Although discrimination was associated with problem solving, problem solving was not associated with sleep within or across participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discrimination is a daily and chronic social stressor that is associated with impaired sleep health. This study shows that this association is explained by ruminative arousal. Leveraging these novel findings to promote sleep health among ethnically and racially minoritized college students during the college transition, implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13186116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acculturation latent profiles as moderators of the relations between racial and gender barriers and outcome expectations among Latinx engineering undergraduates.","authors":"Jinkoo Lee, Lisa Y Flores","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Latinx engineering undergraduate students often face racial and gender barriers that shape their career expectations. Guided by Berry's acculturation framework, this study tested whether latent cultural orientation profiles moderate these relationships.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 821 Latinx engineering undergraduate students (48% women; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 20.1, <i>SD</i> = 1.7). Latent profile analysis identified four profiles: bicultural, moderately bicultural, assimilated, and separated. A latent mixture regression model tested whether profiles moderated prospective associations between Time 1 barriers and Time 2 engineering outcome expectations, controlling for baseline expectations and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Profiles significantly moderated the effect of gender barriers, Wald χ²(3) = 10.25, <i>p</i> = .017. Only the assimilated group (Class 3) showed a significant positive slope (<i>b</i> = 0.27, <i>p</i> = .042). In contrast, other groups showed nonsignificant slopes. No overall moderation emerged for racial barriers, Wald χ²(3) = 6.91, <i>p</i> = .075, though the separated group (Class 4) showed a significant negative slope (<i>b</i> = -0.66, <i>p</i> = .048), indicating vulnerability to racial barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight the importance of considering cultural orientation profiles when examining how barriers influence Latinx students' career development. Whereas gender barriers may serve as a motivational challenge for assimilated students, racial barriers may undermine expectations for separated students. Psychologists and education professionals should tailor interventions to account for these cultural differences to better support Latinx engineering students' persistence and advancement in the field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiet D Huynh, Kimberly Balsam, Roberto L Abreu, Em Matsuno, Yamile Molina, Dannie N Haakinson, Tiffany T Tran, Skyler D Jackson
{"title":"Development and validation of the LGBTQ+ People of Color Microaggressions Scale-2 (LGBTQ+ PCMS-2).","authors":"Kiet D Huynh, Kimberly Balsam, Roberto L Abreu, Em Matsuno, Yamile Molina, Dannie N Haakinson, Tiffany T Tran, Skyler D Jackson","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000773","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study introduces the LGBTQ+ People of Color Microaggressions Scale-2 (LGBTQ+ PCMS-2), a multidimensional measure of intersectional microaggressions for LGBTQ+ people of color.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The scale was developed using a mixed methods approach that included a qualitative phase (<i>N</i> = 12) to develop the scale items and a quantitative phase (<i>N</i> = 605) to validate the items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychometric analyses showed that the LGBTQ+ PCMS-2 comprises seven subscales. Results supported this scale's structural, convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LGBTQ+ PCMS-2 can better account for mental health problems when tested against the current leading measure of intersectional microaggressions. Three key strengths of the LGBTQ+ PCMS-2 include the following: (a) It is the only intersectional microaggressions measure currently available to include all three forms of microaggressions faced by LGBTQ+ people of color (racism, heterosexism, and cissexism), (b) it introduces three novel domains of intersectional microaggressions, and (c) it has evidence supporting its wide applicability for LGBTQ+ people of color with diverse racial/ethnic identities, sexual identities, gender identities, and ages. The additions of these features make the LGBTQ+ PCMS-2 the most comprehensive and widely applicable measure of intersectional microaggressions to date. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Queer and/or transgender and Black, Indigenous, and other people of color activism and posttraumatic growth: Examining a moderated mediation model.","authors":"Dawn M Szymanski, Vardaan Dua, James D Goates","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we examined the relations between involvement in queer and/or transgender and Black, Indigenous, and other people of color (QTBIPOC) activism and posttraumatic growth (PTG). We also examined the mediating roles of community connection, meaning in life, and problem-solving coping in this link. Further, we examined if experiences of discrimination from other lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) and Black, Indigenous, and other people of color persons might moderate/weaken these relations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We recruited 206 QTBIPOC individuals primarily through social media ads and research announcements sent to QTBIPOC-related groups and listservs. Participants (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 33 years; 49% transgender; 34% Black, 22% Asian, 21% multiracial, 14% Latine, 6% Native American) completed an online cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the bivariate level, we found that more involvement in QTBIPOC activism was related to greater PTG (<i>r</i> = .20). We also found that QTBIPOC activism was indirectly related to PTG through more meaning in life and problem-solving coping (but not QTBIPOC, LGBTQ+, nor Black, Indigenous, and other people of color community connection). Finally, we found that the indirect effect of QTBIPOC activism on PTG via meaning in life was stronger for those experiencing high levels of racism within the LGBTQ+ community but only in the model without covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that active coping at both the collective and individual level, meaning in life, and racism within the LGBTQ+ community are important in understanding QTBIPOC psychological growth associated with identity-based insidious trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua G Parmenter, Kiet D Huynh, Monica A Ghabrial, Skyler D Jackson, Aldo Barrita, M Paz Galupo
{"title":"The Queer and Trans Black, Indigenous, and People of Color resilience measure: Psychometric development and validation.","authors":"Joshua G Parmenter, Kiet D Huynh, Monica A Ghabrial, Skyler D Jackson, Aldo Barrita, M Paz Galupo","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000802","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Existing intersectional research and measures have largely focused on Queer and Trans Black, Indigenous, and People of Color's (QT-BIPOC) experiences of intersectional oppression rather than their strengths and resilience. Current conceptualizations of resilience often rely on individualistic, White, and cisheteronormative perspectives that fail to capture the complex, collective, and identity-affirming forms of resilience and resistance among QT-BIPOC. Our study developed and validated the Queer and Trans Black, Indigenous, and People of Color Resilience Measure (QT-BIPOC RM) to address important gaps, expand resilience conceptualizations, and aid in furthering intersectional resilience research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighty-three items were generated for the QT-BIPOC RM utilizing a community-centered and multistage approach (e.g., grounding items in qualitative data, expert feedback, cognitive interviews with QT-BIPOC). We tested the factor structure, measurement invariance, and various forms of validity using an online sample of QT-BIPOC (<i>N</i> = 676).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings illustrated that the QT-BIPOC RM scale has sound psychometric properties. Factor analysis showed a three-factor structure that included Inner Strength and Self-Love, Resistance and Self-Preservation, and Mutuality and Collective Healing. Measurement invariance and various types of validity were also supported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The QT-BIPOC RM scale is introduced as a novel measure of resilience and resistance for QT-BIPOC. Our measure redefines resilience by challenging Eurocentric, individualistic frameworks and highlighting how QT-BIPOC resist intersectional oppression through self-preservation, collective healing, and the creation of empowering identity-based narratives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaesha Durazi, Puja Patel, Frances M Lobo, Rashmita S Mistry, Richard M Lee, Virginia W Huynh
{"title":"Racial-ethnic socialization in South Asian American families: A mixed methods exploration of parental influences.","authors":"Amaesha Durazi, Puja Patel, Frances M Lobo, Rashmita S Mistry, Richard M Lee, Virginia W Huynh","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000801","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Research on racial-ethnic socialization (RES) in Asian American families is growing, yet South Asian families and younger children remain understudied. Additionally, parents' race-related beliefs and RES decision making have been overlooked. Although model minority internalization (MMI) beliefs have been linked to developmental outcomes among Asian American youth and adults, their role in RES is not well understood. This partial mixed methods study examined how South Asian American parents' racial-ethnic identity, racial discrimination experiences, and MMI endorsement relate to their RES practices and explored parents' reasons for addressing or avoiding racism.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>South Asian American parents (<i>N</i> = 119; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 37.89, <i>SD</i> = 5.58) with children aged 6-12 completed an online survey; a subset (<i>n</i> = 13) participated in interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Path analyses showed that racial-ethnic identity and MMI were positively associated with cultural socialization, whereas discrimination experiences and beliefs in Asian Americans' unrestricted mobility were linked to racial socialization. Qualitative findings highlight the complexity of RES and the various factors shaping parents' approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that MMI may promote cultural maintenance by reinforcing \"positive\" Asian stereotypes and that some South Asian parents prepare their children for racism by minimizing its significance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula Marie Powe, Amber Tan, Thea Crossett, Aki Jamal Durham, Sarah Pedersen
{"title":"Black dad shine: A concept mapping approach to identify qualities that facilitate the adaptation and success of Black fathers.","authors":"Paula Marie Powe, Amber Tan, Thea Crossett, Aki Jamal Durham, Sarah Pedersen","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000797","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Black fathers in America play crucial roles in the development of their children, but face systemic and structural inequities that strain their fatherhood role and negatively affect their well-being and family experiences. Research on Black fatherhood has traditionally been reactive, deficit-based, and conducted without input from Black fathers themselves, with fatherhood services and policies following suit.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study utilized concept mapping, a community-based participatory research method, to assess what Black fathers in America need to adapt and succeed in their fatherhood role despite the sociopolitical context in which they live.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Black community advisory board participants (<i>n</i> = 9) brainstormed 60 unique items and grouped them into six unique clusters: gatekeeper-less resources, tools of relational engagement, receptivity to influence, sustained mentorship and accountability growth, positive internal mindset, and purposeful leadership.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By centering the voices of Black fathers and those who support them, this study provides a framework for future programmatic and advocacy efforts to foster the positive adaptation and success of Black fathers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13048282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yara Mekawi, Lauren M Hall, Margaret Powers, Shequanna Belizaire, Natalie N Watson-Singleton
{"title":"Does exposure to race-related stress lead to attention biases? Examining the moderating roles of anxiety and racial identity among Black adults.","authors":"Yara Mekawi, Lauren M Hall, Margaret Powers, Shequanna Belizaire, Natalie N Watson-Singleton","doi":"10.1037/cdp0000742","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cdp0000742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Racism plays a deleterious role in Black Americans' mental health, yet little is known about the mechanisms through which racism may confer risk to mental health outcomes. One hypothesized yet untested mechanism through which racism may lead to negative mental health is increased attention bias to threat. Even less is known about individual difference factors that may exacerbate or ameliorate racism's effects, such as anxiety or racial identity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To address this gap in the literature, 214 Black adults were recruited online for an experimental study. Participants were randomly assigned to one (out of two) stress conditions: experimental, where they reflected on a racism experience (<i>n</i> = 102), or control, where they reflected on a nonracism stressor (<i>n</i> = 112). They also completed measures of general anxiety and racial centrality. Attention bias to threat was assessed using a dot-probe task, which compares reaction time to threat (i.e., angry) versus neutral faces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although there was no overarching effect of racism exposure on general or Black-specific attention bias, there was a significant effect of racism on attention bias toward White angry faces such that those in the racism condition demonstrated lower bias than those in the control stress condition (<i>t</i> = -2.06, <i>p</i> = .04). Importantly, the effect of the racism manipulation depended on participants' level of anxiety and racial centrality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These unexpected results suggest that exposure to racism may lead to an avoidant attentional bias away from White threatening faces but that this process may be contingent on trait anxiety and racial centrality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48151,"journal":{"name":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"327-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}