Violence and Victims最新文献

{"title":"Direct and Witnessed Bias-Based Harassment Exposures Among Adolescents: Associations With Functioning and the Influence of Protective Factors.","authors":"Melissa K Holt, Gabriel J Merrin, Olivia Wyatt, Jennifer Greif Green, Gianluca Gini, Phil Fogelman","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0027","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth who experience bias-based harassment report more adverse functioning than those who report peer victimization not targeted at identity. Yet, there has been little research aimed at understanding how different forms of bias-based harassment influence well-being. The current study adds to the existing research through its comprehensive assessment of adolescents' direct and witnessed bias-based harassment exposures and examination of how exposures are associated with mental health and grades. We also evaluated three protective factors (adult support at school, peer support, and school belonging) for their associations with functioning after taking into account bias-based harassment exposures. Participants were 7,402 high school adolescents in the Northeast (<i>M</i> _age = 15.41 years, <i>SD</i> = 1.08). Results revealed differential associations with mental health and grades based on bias-based harassment types and highlighted the importance of support and belonging.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"701-723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Symptoms and Substance Use After Recent Sexual Assault Based on Sexual Orientation.","authors":"Selime R Salim, Emily L Tilstra-Ferrell, Katherine Mai, Alyssa Rheingold, Amanda K Gilmore, Christine K Hahn","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study examined differences in acute stress and depression symptoms, alcohol use, and drug use between sexual minority and heterosexual survivors in the weeks following a sexual assault. The sample included 26 sexual minority and 66 heterosexual survivors (<i>N</i> = 92, 94.4% cisgender women, 51.1% White, and 31.5% Black) who completed screening during a follow-up mental health service after receiving a sexual assault medical forensic examination. Group differences on brief mental health and substance use screening measures were examined using χ² tests and <i>t</i> tests. Sexual minority survivors reported higher acute stress symptoms and were more likely to report drug use in the past 2 weeks, but no differences in depression symptoms and alcohol use were found. Results highlight the need for increased research on sexual minority survivors' unique experiences and needs following recent sexual assault.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"740-755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modes of Dating Violence in Young Adults Within Pakistani Culture: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.","authors":"Sadaf Rehman, Sadia Saleem, Sayyeda Taskeen Zahra, Ayesha Jabeen","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0132","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Pakistani cultural context, dating violence is a pervasive issue that poses significant risks to mental health. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences and expressions of young adults who have faced dating violence, with a focus on informing counseling and early intervention. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis of semistructured interviews with 10 young adults (5 men and 5 women) aged 18-25 years, we identified superordinate themes of psychological, emotional, and physical modes of dating violence. Subordinate themes revealed a range of controlling and manipulating, stalking and surveillance, intimidating, isolation, communication gap, exploiting emotional dependency, ridiculing, lowering self-esteem and identity erosion, emotional distancing and neglect, humiliation and degradation, devaluation and defame, physical assault and injury, property damage, coercing or attempting sexual contact, and restraining and confinement. Our findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive intervention of dating violence in Pakistan including the integration of psychological support and emotional counseling, where societal pressure, family expectations, and gender roles exacerbate the abuse. This study contributes significantly to the understanding of dating violence in Pakistan and underscores the importance of tailored interventions to mitigate its devastating effects on mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"756-776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Individuals With Poor Sleep Quality More Aggressive Among Adolescents? The Relationship Between Poor Sleep Quality and Aggressive Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Family Cohesion and Affect.","authors":"Shunying Zhao, Hongchen Luo, Bing Xie, Jian Luo, Yifan Yang","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0171","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With growing concern about aggressive behavior among adolescents, there is ongoing debate regarding the link between poor sleep quality and aggression. The present study examines the relationship between poor sleep quality and aggressive behavior in adolescents, with a particular focus on family cohesion and affect (i.e., both negative and positive affect) as underlying mechanisms. A sample of Chinese adolescents (<i>N</i> = 528, <i>M</i> _age = 14.12, <i>SD</i> _age = 1.14, 45.8% female) participated in the study. The results indicated that poor sleep quality was positively associated with aggressive behavior. Family cohesion and both types of affect partially and serially mediated the relationship between poor sleep quality and aggressive behavior. These findings underscore the importance of targeting sleep quality in interventions aimed at adolescents. Improving sleep quality may help to enhance adolescents' mental and emotional well-being, promote healthier family relationships, and reduce aggressive behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"683-700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Victimization of Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Narrative Review of Prevalence Rates, Adverse Outcomes, Protective Factors, and Suggestions for Future Research.","authors":"Cassandra Flick","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0081","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Victimization is a common but unfortunate reality, with sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals at an increased risk of various forms of victimization compared with the heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. This disproportionate victimization of SGMs increases the likelihood that these individuals will experience adverse mental, physical, and educational outcomes. Some scholars have explored potential protective factors, specific to SGMs, that may be associated with a decreased risk of victimization and/or subsequent adverse outcomes. The present article provides readers with a narrative review of the relevant literature on these topics by examining prevalence rates of SGM victimization, common adverse consequences experienced by SGMs, and empirically examined protective factors for SGMs that show some evidence of effectiveness. The article ends with a discussion of suggestions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"817-839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlethal Violent Victimization and Vision and/or Hearing Loss: An Examination of 2016-2021 National Crime Victimization Surveys.","authors":"Heather F McClintock, Luis Enrique Espinoza, Amanda M Hinson-Enslin","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0078","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with disabilities are nearly four times as likely to be victims of nonlethal violent crimes than individuals without disabilities. This study evaluated the relationship between vision and/or hearing loss and nonlethal violent victimization (NLVV), reporting of NLVV crimes to the police, and medical care for injury from NLVV. Data were analyzed from the 2016-2021 National Crime Victimization Survey. Logistic regression analyses found that individuals with sensory disabilities experienced more crime episodes but were less likely to report incidents to the police than individuals without sensory disabilities. Individuals with vision loss only or both sensory disabilities were less likely to receive medical care than individuals without sensory disabilities. Tailored programs are needed to reduce the burden of NLVV among individuals with vision and/or hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"777-792"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Fear: Women's Perceptions of Safety and Vulnerability in the Urban Landscape of Sambalpur, India.","authors":"Rashmi Rai, Ambarish Kumar Rai","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0194","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vulnerability is the perception of being exposed and susceptible to potential harm or adversity. This study underscores the critical role of individual women's perceived vulnerability in shaping their sense of safety and risk of victimization within the urban landscape. Focusing on women aged 15-49 years in Sambalpur city and its surrounding areas, the research draws on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, analyzed through a phenomenological lens. Findings reveal that women's perceptions of physical vulnerability, sociopsychological harm associated with sexual crimes, apprehension about demands for sexual favors, and direct or vicarious experiences of victimization profoundly shape their fears and perceived risk of crime in the city. Recognizing and addressing these dimensions is vital to fostering urban spaces where women can move freely and confidently, without the shadow of fear or anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"793-807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive Narrative Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A 1-Week Intervention.","authors":"Michelle L Miller, Marissa J Ward, Danie J Meyer","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0057","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with some of the poorest mental and physical health outcomes. There is often high dropout from treatment for PTSD, especially among those who have experienced chronic or multiple traumatic events. One increasingly popular PTSD treatment delivery model targeting treatment retention is intensive treatment delivery. Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is an exposure-based PTSD treatment designed to address multiple trauma exposures, but NET has not been systematically delivered in an intensive brief format. The current study aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of intensively delivered NET to a highly traumatized sample (HI-NET). A trauma-exposed clinical sample (<i>N</i> = 8; range of lifetime traumatic events: 5-15; 100% endorsed history of interpersonal violence; mean age = 46; 87% White) participated in daily NET sessions for 1 week. Participants completed self-report measures assessing PTSD, depressive, and dissociation symptoms as well as trauma-related cognitions at baseline, 1 week posttreatment, and 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up time points. HI-NET was feasible, with all participants attending all sessions. Participants reported high levels of acceptability and satisfaction. Participants showed significant reductions in PTSD symptoms (≥12 points on the PTSD Checklist for <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5</i> [PCL-5]) from baseline (<i>M</i> = 49.00, <i>SD</i> = 16.34) through 6-month assessment (<i>M</i> = 24.29, <i>SD</i> = 16.89, <i>g</i> = 1.88). Depressive symptoms, the frequency and intensity of dissociative symptoms, and dysfunctional trauma-related cognitions all significantly decreased alongside PTSD symptoms. This is the first investigation of an intensive delivery of NET, an evidence-based treatment for PTSD that can target multiple traumatic events. After only six sessions delivered to a highly traumatized sample, there was a significant decrease in PTSD symptoms that remained decreased over time. HI-NET is feasible, acceptable, and efficacious, yet larger clinical trials with more diverse samples are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"664-682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of College Women and Men on Types and Risks of Sexual Assault.","authors":"Kimberly A Tyler","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0126","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the prevalence rates for different sexual assault types, particularly among college men. This study compared the frequency and type of sexual assault for 783 college women and men and examined whether risk factors differed by sexual assault type. Twenty-eight percent of men and 45% of women experienced one or more types of sexual assault in the past year. Heavy drinking and greater posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were significant correlates of incapacitated sexual assault for men, whereas Greek affiliation, heavy drinking, and greater PTSD symptoms were significant for women. For coercive sexual assault, greater PTSD symptoms were significant for men, while Greek affiliation, heavy drinking, and greater PTSD symptoms were significant for women. Both college women and men are at risk for different types of sexual assault.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":"40 5","pages":"724-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Depression Predict Violent Behavior? A Review of the Methods and Results of Longitudinal Studies.","authors":"Michael K Ostrowsky","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression and violent behavior are serious concerns around the world. The aim of this article is to review the methods and results of longitudinal research on whether depression predicts violent behavior. Six databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Criminal Justice Database, Sociology Database, Gale, and JSTOR) were searched using the search terms \"longitudinal\" and \"depress*\" and \"violen*.\" A total of 36 articles were included in this review. The key finding to emerge from this review is that research on whether depression predicts violent behavior has yielded mixed results. More specifically, 11 studies found that depression predicts violence, 12 studies discovered that depression does not predict violence, and 13 studies offered mixed evidence. This review offers several possible explanations for the inconsistent results, as well as numerous suggestions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}