DisastersPub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1111/disa.12682
Anne Décobert
{"title":"Healthcare, solidarity, and moral community in Myanmar's humanitarian crisis and revolution","authors":"Anne Décobert","doi":"10.1111/disa.12682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12682","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drawing on in-depth qualitative research, this article explores how the experiences and practices of health workers responding to humanitarian crises can foster new forms of solidarity, moral community, and state–society relations in situations of conflict, structural violence, and disputed governance. Focusing on partnerships formed between ethnic minority and former government health workers since Myanmar's coup of 2021, it shows how shared experiences of suffering, and relationships of care forged to address it, foster more inclusive and equitable notions of moral community. Community-level health partnerships are key not just for crisis response, but also for challenging divisive and exclusionary forms of citizenship, service delivery, and governance, and for building more just and emancipatory models of civic identity, social welfare, and state–society relations—health workers being potential agents of revolutionary change. International aid must support community-led social welfare mechanisms that build solidarity and social justice ‘from below’ in contexts of structural violence and disputed governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1111/disa.12683
Jarle Eid, Ilan Kelman, Kjersti B. Valdersnes, Roar Espevik, Guttorm Brattebø, Anita L. Hansen, Laila Shahzad, Gianluca Pescaroli
{"title":"COVID-19 impacts on emergency responder resilience in Bergen and London","authors":"Jarle Eid, Ilan Kelman, Kjersti B. Valdersnes, Roar Espevik, Guttorm Brattebø, Anita L. Hansen, Laila Shahzad, Gianluca Pescaroli","doi":"10.1111/disa.12683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12683","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study qualitatively compares how 18 experienced emergency responders from the fire services in Bergen, Norway, and London, United Kingdom, maintained and adapted their organisation's work, routines, and leadership practices to maintain operational capacity, preparedness, and resilience during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic from 2020-23. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with nine experienced emergency responders in London and nine in Bergen, enquiring how the pandemic affected their work, their needs for maintaining operational preparedness going forward, and their COVID-19 experiences. Four themes emerged, related to their emotional experiences, how to maintain readiness, continuing to serve the community, and professionalism and learning. The discussion of these themes highlights the need for flexibility in planning, rather than comprehensive plans, and leadership that understands emergency responders' requirements. Drawing on the unique aspects of this study, a two-country comparison and the focus on experienced emergency responders, recommendations are offered for individual and organisational resilience, and the interface between them.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1111/disa.12678
Eija Meriläinen
{"title":"Nature–society relations in disaster governance frameworks","authors":"Eija Meriläinen","doi":"10.1111/disa.12678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies how the relations between nature and society are constructed in disaster governance frameworks. Dominant disaster governance frameworks present nature and society as separate realms, and the organisation of society is increasingly seen as the key cause of hazards and disasters. Disaster impacts are similarly framed around adverse societal consequences, while other-than-human nature is merely the background across which disasters unfold, as property lost, or a means of disaster governance. Although the centrality of human impacts is troubled when biodiversity or a disaster flagship species is threatened, neither situation challenges the nature–society dualism embedded in dominant disaster governance frameworks. The attention and resources of disaster governance target the societal side of nature–society dualism. This study finds, though, that in peripheries characterised by remoteness from centres of power, a sparse human population, and large spaces of other-than-human nature, the vulnerabilities facing humans and other-than-human nature risk being ungoverned.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What does it mean to conduct ethical research after disasters? A case study of the 3.11 disaster in Japan","authors":"Sudeepa Abeysinghe, Kaori Honda, Claire Leppold, Allison Lloyd Williams, Akihiko Ozaki, Aya Goto","doi":"10.1111/disa.12681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12681","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The 3.11 disaster in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, is a useful case study through which to interrogate research ethics. This region has been the site of a high degree of research interest, which sometimes presented a source of stress to local communities. This study examines researcher perspectives on the ethics of post-disaster health research. Qualitative interviews were conducted with these informants, who noted that recovering communities experienced significant over-research, particularly in the form of survey fatigue, which was seen to influence viewpoints concerning both recovery and agency. Efforts to integrate better into community needs reoriented reflexive research towards ‘post-normal’ forms of working. Simultaneously, researchers had to navigate funding and reward structures that prioritised the swift production of results. Focusing on community engagement and feedback, and managing this ethical complexity, were seen as essential forms of ethical practice to mitigate the negative impacts that the influx of research activity can have on a recovering community.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1111/disa.12680
Irene Petraroli, Akiha Nagahama, Roger C. Baars, Kiyomine Terumoto
{"title":"Ready for the worst: awaiting disaster in ageing rural Japan","authors":"Irene Petraroli, Akiha Nagahama, Roger C. Baars, Kiyomine Terumoto","doi":"10.1111/disa.12680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12680","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inami, a small seaside town in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, is getting ready for the next Nankai Trough earthquake, which is expected to involve multiple events of magnitude 7.0+ on the maximum seismic intensity scale, causing landslides and tsunamis. This paper is concerned with the capabilities and challenges of an elderly community in this highly prepared rural town. The results show that the continued mainstreaming of disaster preparedness practices has led to widespread awareness of evacuation sites and basic knowledge of disaster evacuation needs. Arguably, however, insufficient support is provided to the elderly as current procedures often do not consider how their reduced mobility, physical strength, and psychological discomfort might impact on evacuation itself and life at the shelters. This paper contributes to the literature on disaster and vulnerability by critically assessing and expanding on perceptions of ageing and disasters in rural areas vis-à-vis the traditional depiction of the elderly as ‘vulnerable and helpless’.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1111/disa.12679
Bram J. Jansen
{"title":"The humanitarian border as a violence-producing environment: revisiting aid and anti-migration protests on Lesvos, Greece","authors":"Bram J. Jansen","doi":"10.1111/disa.12679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12679","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Violent clashes erupted on the Greek island of Lesvos in early 2020, during which aid groups, volunteers, and activists were threatened and attacked. Aid actors and media sources attributed these events to far-right, nationalist, and xenophobic mobilisation; however, this risks ignoring more structural factors and local perspectives on asylum policies and practices. This paper suggests that a more critical approach is necessary to understand why people mobilised against aid on Lesvos, and it explores how this antagonism can be seen as intrinsic to the ‘humanitarian border’ as it materialised on the island. Aid groups, volunteers, and activists became integral to this, spawning stories of how they were sustaining the migration dynamic. How these stories coincided with far-right mobilisation is not straightforward, and nuancing how local concern and protest and far-right anti-immigration sympathies relate is imperative to comprehending hostility to aid groups and may contribute to fostering better relations with communities in refugee-hosting areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1111/disa.12673
Rebecca Entress, Xi Huang, Abdul-Akeem Sadiq
{"title":"Exploring the relationship between hurricanes and online sex trafficking advertisements: using Hurricane Laura as a case study","authors":"Rebecca Entress, Xi Huang, Abdul-Akeem Sadiq","doi":"10.1111/disa.12673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research suggests that sex traffickers may take advantage of vulnerable populations in the aftermath of disasters caused by natural hazards. Despite the amplification of vulnerabilities in the wake of such events and the increased likelihood of sex traffickers exploiting them, there is limited empirical evidence to show such a connection. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to answer the following research question: what is the relationship between hurricanes and online advertisements potentially linked to sex trafficking? Hurricane Laura (a Category 4 hurricane that occurred between 20 and 29 August 2020) serves as a case study and data are scraped from Escort Index, an aggregator of popular multi-service adult entertainment platforms in the United States. The results show a significant negative relationship between Hurricane Laura and the number of online sex advertisements potentially linked to human trafficking. The study offers three alternative explanations for this finding and concludes by outlining additional areas of research on this important topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1111/disa.12677
Richard Fosu, Eleanor Gordon
{"title":"The gendered politics of the ‘local turn’ in peacebuilding: Acholi traditional justice and gender in post-conflict Uganda","authors":"Richard Fosu, Eleanor Gordon","doi":"10.1111/disa.12677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12677","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typically, advancing localised approaches to peacebuilding has evaded critical reflection on the power dynamics and harms that can arise. This paper considers the gender dynamics and gendered harms that can manifest themselves when adopting an uncritical approach to localisation in peacebuilding. To do so, it examines the use of <i>mato oput</i> (drinking the bitter root) in post-conflict northern Uganda, as an example of a localised approach to post-conflict transitional justice, to investigate these dynamics and harms. It draws from interviews and focus-group discussions that were conducted in northern Uganda between 2020 and 2022 and engages with critical international relations scholarship on the ‘local turn’ in peacebuilding and the gendered nature of conflict and peace. The paper argues that in patriarchal societies, advancing localisation may entail a return to the traditional or customary order that reaffirms and reifies oppressive gender power relations and helps to consolidate gender inequalities, including unequal access to both security and justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1111/disa.12676
Scott Robinson, Junghwa Choi, Clinton McNair
{"title":"Boolean trust in levels of government: the case of household emergency preparedness","authors":"Scott Robinson, Junghwa Choi, Clinton McNair","doi":"10.1111/disa.12676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12676","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unexpected and often severe weather has taxed community capacities. Convincing households to prepare by developing emergency plans, keeping necessary supplies, and investing in home upgrades, to name a few, has been a focus of many public campaigns related to extreme weather. Essentially, these programmes are exercises in persuasion. What, then, characterises such a campaign that is likely to be successful in this act of persuasion? Recent work has found that household preparedness may be related to trust in government, as a key emergency information provider, although the evidence is mixed. In this article, we argue that the mixed evidence scholars have found may come from the measurement of trust in government. Our statistical analysis shows that increases in minimum trust in levels of government decreases household preparedness for tornadoes. The finding highlights the importance of augmenting and restoring social trust (in addition to trust in government) to produce better emergency management outcomes in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DisastersPub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1111/disa.12675
Dayabati Roy
{"title":"Disaster, appropriation, and displacement in the Indian Sundarbans","authors":"Dayabati Roy","doi":"10.1111/disa.12675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12675","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How do we understand a disaster? How do we interpret the aftermath of a disaster, anyway? This article draws on my ethnographic fieldwork to understand what constitutes a disaster and how preexisting social conditions shaped events in the wake of Cyclone Aila in South Asia in May 2009. The people who received relief following this disaster engaged in discrimination, something that has become palpable through the frame of disaster. At the same instant, multiple forms of power at different levels materialised; aware of the dynamics of the crisis, actors have strategically used the disaster to strengthen their positions in the name of ‘building back better’. I show how these phenomena are linked with the consequences of disaster. The paper explains how people's attitudes towards the state and vice versa shape patterns of land use and forms of resource extraction, thereby intensifying resource-related hazards in the hinterlands of the Indian Sundarbans.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}