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Neoliberal economic policies as a root cause of forced migration from Arab Spring countries: the case of Syria 新自由主义经济政策是阿拉伯之春国家被迫移民的根本原因：以叙利亚为例。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70025
Dr Ahmad AL Ajlan
{"title":"Neoliberal economic policies as a root cause of forced migration from Arab Spring countries: the case of Syria","authors":"Dr Ahmad AL Ajlan","doi":"10.1111/disa.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article illustrates the impact of neoliberal economic policies on forced migration from Arab Spring countries. It highlights how these policies, based on the recommendations of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, significantly contributed to the outbreak of civil wars and subsequent refugee crises. The central argument of this analysis is that the economic reform programmes were a primary driver of the forced migration wave after 2010. Using Syria as a case study, the paper shows how the implementation of these programmes led to the erosion of the social contract that had previously ensured stability in Syria. This erosion was characterised by the marginalisation of rural areas and populations, the reduction of subsidies, and the economic and political marginalisation of the country's youth. The article calls on international financial institutions to take into consideration the nature of political regimes and the dynamics of authoritarianism to prevent turmoil, civil wars, and forced migration in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12530031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From state commodification to local reproduction of vulnerability: ethnographic insights from a Risk Zone Urban Renewal Project in Turkey 从国家商品化到脆弱性的地方再生产：来自土耳其风险区城市更新项目的民族志见解。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70024
Cansu Civelek
{"title":"From state commodification to local reproduction of vulnerability: ethnographic insights from a Risk Zone Urban Renewal Project in Turkey","authors":"Cansu Civelek","doi":"10.1111/disa.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores how vulnerability is not only defined by the state but also actively reshaped through policy implementation and lived experience. Drawing on ethnographic research in Eskişehir, Turkey, I propose an analytical distinction between the ‘commodification of vulnerability’—framing risk in technoscientific and moral terms to justify intervention—and the ‘reproduction of vulnerability’—capturing the emergent precarity produced by such action. Following the 2011 Van earthquakes, Turkey's central government advanced disaster prevention as a national imperative. In 2012, Law No. 6306 was enacted to facilitate large-scale urban transformations in the name of risk prevention. Eskişehir's Metropolitan Municipality quickly adopted the ‘Renewal Law’, initiating the Risk Zone Urban Renewal Project with the stated aim of protecting lives and property. While official definitions of vulnerability centred on the structural durability of the built environment, residents of the designated area have encountered new and unanticipated vulnerabilities, ranging from housing insecurity and prolonged legal limbo to socioeconomic instability and emotional distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Faith, community, and resilience during genocide in Gaza 加沙种族灭绝期间的信仰、社区和复原力。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70023
Bilal Hamamra, Fayez Mahamid
{"title":"Faith, community, and resilience during genocide in Gaza","authors":"Bilal Hamamra,&nbsp;Fayez Mahamid","doi":"10.1111/disa.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>‘</b>Gazacide’, following the events of 7 October 2023, has deepened trauma and exacerbated the severe dispossession and exploitation faced by Palestinians. Positive religious coping, particularly within the Islamic faith, and social support are crucial for alleviating the impacts of traumatic experiences and fostering psychological adjustment. Thirty participants, 17 females and 13 males, were recruited via snowball sampling to examine the role of these factors in Gaza. Interviews were scrutinised using thematic analysis, leading to the identification of six main themes: (i) the role of religion in providing psychological resilience; (ii) religious leaders as pillars of support; (iii) the role of social support networks in strengthening community resilience; (iv) the strain of overcrowding and displacement on social cohesion; (v) challenges of supporting vulnerable populations through religion and community; and (vi) rebuilding trust and hope amid displacement and genocide. Religious leaders and social support institutions play a vital part in promoting positive coping strategies, aiding individuals in understanding these experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics and the governance of digital data in humanitarian action 人道主义行动中数字数据的伦理和治理
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70018
Kristoffer Lidén
{"title":"Ethics and the governance of digital data in humanitarian action","authors":"Kristoffer Lidén","doi":"10.1111/disa.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given limited legal and political oversight owing to the nature of humanitarian operations, the management of digital data by humanitarian organisations is largely governed through ethical self-regulation. In this paper I assess the perils and promises of such self-governance via an analysis of the <i>IASC Operational Guidance on Data Responsibility in Humanitarian Action</i>. By drawing on empirical literatures on the problems and practices that this guidance seeks to address, I argue that adopting its principles and procedures is no guarantee of ethical conduct. The reason is that interpretation of the principles is not agreed upon, and their practical implementation is constrained by conflicting commitments and the lacking capacity of organisations. On this basis, I consider the risk of ‘ethics washing’ resulting from failure to uphold ethical standards without acknowledging it. This leads to a discussion of whether ethical self-regulation should be replaced with more legal regulation and political control to avoid this danger.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevention or relief? Voters' support for disaster policies 预防还是缓解？选民对灾难政策的支持。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70016
H. Hana Kim, James Cragun, Peter DeScioli
{"title":"Prevention or relief? Voters' support for disaster policies","authors":"H. Hana Kim,&nbsp;James Cragun,&nbsp;Peter DeScioli","doi":"10.1111/disa.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Researchers have argued that preventing disasters is more efficient than providing relief. Yet, previous scholarship has found that voters in the United States reward politicians more for relief than for prevention policies. It is unclear, however, whether they truly favour relief policies or if they are simply more aware of them. In this article we report on an experiment in which American participants read about a fictional community facing a threat of flood and then rated their support for a disaster policy. Across conditions, we manipulated whether the policy is for relief or prevention, and whether the citizens are cooperative or uncooperative with respect to government policies. We found that participants did not support relief more than prevention; in fact, they favoured prevention when citizens were uncooperative. In addition, participants were less supportive of relief for uncooperative as compared to cooperative citizens, while cooperativeness did not affect support for the prevention policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From ‘aidland’ to ‘homeland’: what the lived experiences of Ukrainian crisis leaders indicate about humanitarian response 从“aidland”到“homeland”：乌克兰危机领导人的生活经历对人道主义应对的启示。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70017
Max Kelly, Maree Pardy, Dr Phoebe Downing
{"title":"From ‘aidland’ to ‘homeland’: what the lived experiences of Ukrainian crisis leaders indicate about humanitarian response","authors":"Max Kelly,&nbsp;Maree Pardy,&nbsp;Dr Phoebe Downing","doi":"10.1111/disa.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reform of the international humanitarian system has stagnated, and commitment to localise power and resources has not eventuated. This research, specifically on the Ukraine humanitarian response, draws on anthropology's exploration of aidnographies, focusing on the oft-overlooked role of aid workers; however, it offers an explicitly place-based, grounded approach to Ukrainian crisis leaders' and responders' lived realities, decentring international ‘aidlanders’. We deploy the concept of ‘homeland’ as an explicit counterpoint to ‘aidland’ to portray the dilemmas, tensions, and contradictions of the international system from below. The study employs an actor-oriented qualitative approach to examine the experiences of Ukrainian humanitarians. Semi-structured interviews with 32 such individuals provide situated, contextual, time-bound, and frequently deeply personal stories. Our respondents demonstrate the potential for international guests to adopt a ‘homeland’ sensibility, foregrounding a need to locate policy, procedures, actions, and decision-making within an equitable, fair, and place-based setting, responsive rather than controlling, and embedded in relevant contextual priorities, knowledge, and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Integrated Community Disaster and Climate Resilience Model for rural communities in Zimbabwe 津巴布韦农村社区灾害和气候适应能力综合模型。
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70015
Louis Nyahunda, Livhuwani David Nemakonde, Sizwile Khoza
{"title":"An Integrated Community Disaster and Climate Resilience Model for rural communities in Zimbabwe","authors":"Louis Nyahunda,&nbsp;Livhuwani David Nemakonde,&nbsp;Sizwile Khoza","doi":"10.1111/disa.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the importance of integrating disaster and climate resilience into Zimbabwe's rural communities, resulting ultimately in a model that reflects both their priorities and needs. The Integrated Community Disaster and Climate Resilience Model (ICDCRM) was developed by engaging with community members, traditional leaders, and disaster risk reduction and climate change practitioners using the constructivist grounded theory approach. A total of 33 participants shared views in focus-group discussions and semi-structured interviews—concurrent data collection and analysis were performed with the aid of Atlas.ti (2018) software. This study affirms that disaster and climate resilience strategies can be integrated into at-risk communities to enhance their responses to climate change and disasters. These phenomena pose interlinked risks; hence, strategies to prepare for and respond to them should be coherent and synergistic. The ICDCRM reveals that integrated disaster and climate resilience can create sustainable pathways to effective coordination of strategies and efficient management of risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A post-social question 后社会问题
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70007
Juliano Fiori
{"title":"A post-social question","authors":"Juliano Fiori","doi":"10.1111/disa.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Debates about ‘the trouble with aid’ are nothing new. But while these have usually focused on technical, financial or political concerns, the central challenge to the aid industry today is social. If the modern enterprise of aid was a systemic response to ‘the social question’ (the fallout of capitalist property relations in a class society), it is now faced with ‘the post-social question’ (the fallout of the social fragmentation brought about by the persistence of these property relations). As the withdrawal of aid from dependent recipients intensifies their hardship, a different politics of human life, grounded in radical needs, is now the necessary basis for a substantive contestation of the social transformations casting today's catastrophic horizon.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unbearable lightness of humanitarian reform: Reflections on calls for change in the sector 人道主义改革的难以承受之轻：对该领域变革呼声的思考
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70006
Sherine El Taraboulsi-McCarthy DPhil
{"title":"The unbearable lightness of humanitarian reform: Reflections on calls for change in the sector","authors":"Sherine El Taraboulsi-McCarthy DPhil","doi":"10.1111/disa.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite significant rhetoric around reform, the humanitarian sector predominantly focuses on maintaining established structures with minimal actual change. The calls for reform are categorised into technocratic and participatory approaches. Technocratic reforms aim at increasing operational efficiency, whereas participatory efforts prioritise empowering local communities. However, both approaches fail to address the broader political and economic contexts and often overlook the needs and voices of local actors. Meaningful reform should focus on principled, context-specific international and local collaboration, which prioritises both lifesaving support, principled advocacy, and defence of international humanitarian law.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a temporal theory of refugee crisis response: ‘passing the baton’ across sectors 关于难民危机应对的时间理论：跨部门“传递接力棒”
IF 2.6 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1111/disa.70014
Eric Martin
{"title":"Towards a temporal theory of refugee crisis response: ‘passing the baton’ across sectors","authors":"Eric Martin","doi":"10.1111/disa.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores partnering <i>over</i> and <i>across</i> time in refugee response situations where stakeholders, needs, beneficiaries, and the nature of the crisis change. It is based on interviews and fieldwork in various European settings from the 1990s to 2023. All of that work targeted different research questions related to the coordination of refugee assistance. For this study, all of these interviews were recoded with a focus on change over time. The findings indicate that the coordination of refugee assistance entails the significant aspect of ‘handing off’, as one set of stakeholders cedes its efforts to the next. Duties and responses flow from informal, unorganised volunteers, to local emergency relief players and international non-governmental organisations, and eventually to longer-term local, municipal, or state entities. The article presents an important dimension of cross-sectoral coordination, but not at a single point in time, or multiple points of interaction, suggesting a general flow from one set of players to the next.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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