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Insights from social-ecological systems thinking for understanding and preventing famine 社会生态系统思维对理解和预防饥荒的启示。
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12621
Matt Fortnam, Peter Hailey
{"title":"Insights from social-ecological systems thinking for understanding and preventing famine","authors":"Matt Fortnam,&nbsp;Peter Hailey","doi":"10.1111/disa.12621","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12621","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The risk of famine is rising in many countries today. Bold changes to famine information and response systems are urgently needed to improve capacities to prevent famine. To this end, the paper identifies six insights from social-ecological systems (SES) thinking for understanding and preventing famine. It argues that a state of famine emerges from human–environment interdependencies, complex causality, and non-linear system dynamics, shaped by history and context. The likelihood of famine can be reduced by strengthening resilience to the diverse stresses and shocks that drive destitution, food insecurity, undernutrition, morbidity, and mortality. SES thinking offers new opportunities to understand the dynamics of famine, diagnose lesser-known drivers, pinpoint new metrics, ascertain leverage points for intervention, and develop conceptual frameworks to inform policy. SES concepts and methods could also support the development of practical analytical tools to guide decisionmakers on how, where, and when to intervene most effectively and efficiently to strengthen resilience to the drivers of famine.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The dynamic space of aid relations in protracted internal displacement: the case of Sri Lanka's northern Muslims 长期境内流离失所情况下援助关系的动态空间：斯里兰卡北部穆斯林的案例。
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12623
Cathrine Brun, Mohideen Mohamed Alikhan, Danesh Jayatilaka, Eva Chalkiadaki, Marta Bivand Erdal
{"title":"The dynamic space of aid relations in protracted internal displacement: the case of Sri Lanka's northern Muslims","authors":"Cathrine Brun,&nbsp;Mohideen Mohamed Alikhan,&nbsp;Danesh Jayatilaka,&nbsp;Eva Chalkiadaki,&nbsp;Marta Bivand Erdal","doi":"10.1111/disa.12623","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12623","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aid relations in protracted displacement comprise a diversity of actors with different influence and involvement over time. Building on the case of Sri Lanka's northern Muslim's expulsion from the north of the country in 1990, this paper investigates the dynamic space of aid relations in their drawn-out internal displacement. The study draws on 38 key informant interviews and 10 focus-group discussions, conducted in Sri Lanka (Jaffna, Mannar, Puttalam, and Colombo) in 2022. The paper contributes new knowledge of the local dynamics of assistance in protracted displacement, by analysing the roles of a wide set of actors within this dynamic space of aid relations over time. The analysis incorporates angles and voices often overlooked in mainstream humanitarian studies, including internally displaced persons, hosts, and Middle Eastern aid funders. The study argues that a long-term perspective and a variety of voices provide foundations for more productive engagement with localisation in humanitarian action in protracted displacement crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A retrospective of deaths related to migration along the southeasternmost land borders of Europe: an update encompassing the years 2015–22 欧洲东南部陆地边界与移民有关的死亡回顾：2015-2022 年的最新情况。
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12620
Sophia R. Mavroudas, Pavlos Pavlidis, Maria-Valeria Karakasi
{"title":"A retrospective of deaths related to migration along the southeasternmost land borders of Europe: an update encompassing the years 2015–22","authors":"Sophia R. Mavroudas,&nbsp;Pavlos Pavlidis,&nbsp;Maria-Valeria Karakasi","doi":"10.1111/disa.12620","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12620","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents an update of forensic accounting of the numbers and demographics of migrants found deceased in the Evros region of Greece in the years from 2015–22. Compared to data from 2000–14, this update reflects the mounting number of border-related deaths in the region, as well as the changing demographic trends associated with the migrants who perish crossing the Greek-Turkish border. Specifically, the paper documents a broadening of locations from which migrants originate, the increasing diversity of migrant death locations, and a shift in the leading causes of death. It contains important forensic accounting of the unique humanitarian crisis occurring along the Greek-Turkish land border while also providing an additional context for the global migration crisis. The data presented here offer insights into other forensic stakeholders impacted by the global migration crisis, with respect to what factors contribute to and detract from identification rates, and can help stakeholders make informed policy decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12620","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Between ‘flight’ and ‘fight’: does civilian resistance against rebels work? 在 "逃离 "与 "战斗 "之间：平民抵抗叛军有用吗？
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12619
Urban Reichhold
{"title":"Between ‘flight’ and ‘fight’: does civilian resistance against rebels work?","authors":"Urban Reichhold","doi":"10.1111/disa.12619","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12619","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the dynamics of nonviolent action in situations of armed conflict has been labelled as the ‘new frontier’ in resistance studies. This paper assesses the growing body of literature on civilian resistance against rebel groups. Drawn from a systematic review of academic articles, book chapters, and policy documents, examples of civilian resistance are ordered in three distinct categories of unarmed action: deception; dissent; and defiance. This classification provides the conceptual framework to tackle the main research question: does civilian resistance against rebels work to protect unarmed populations from violence and harm? By scrutinising the effectiveness of civilian resistance, the paper seeks to provide a necessary corrective to the dominant view expressed in the literature, which, as argued, is overly optimistic regarding the prospects of wringing substantial concessions from armed groups via nonviolent action. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy implications, focusing on normative challenges facing external actors eager to support civilian resisters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reproductive justice in the Colombian armed conflict 哥伦比亚武装冲突中的生殖正义
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12618
Signe Svallfors
{"title":"Reproductive justice in the Colombian armed conflict","authors":"Signe Svallfors","doi":"10.1111/disa.12618","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12618","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the impacts of armed conflict on women's sexual and reproductive health in Colombia, building on a reproductive justice perspective to analyse original interviews with stakeholders in healthcare, women's rights, and peacebuilding. The analysis reveals that war affects women's sexual and reproductive health in three ways, through violent politicisation, collateral damage, and intersectional dimensions. First, multiple armed actors have used women's health as an instrument in politically motivated strategies to increase their power, assigning political meaning to sexuality and reproduction within the context of war. Second, women's health has also suffered from secondary damage of conflict resulting from a decay in healthcare service provision and an unmet need for healthcare services among those affected by sexual and reproductive violence. Third, marginalised women have been particularly affected by a discriminatory nexus of poverty, ethnicity, and geographic inequality. The paper concludes with a reflection on the opportunities for reproductive justice in Colombia.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138714912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conflict, COVID-19, and crisis response: shifting from ‘pivoting’ to preparedness 冲突、COVID-19 和危机应对：从支点转向准备
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12615
Eleanor Gordon PhD
{"title":"Conflict, COVID-19, and crisis response: shifting from ‘pivoting’ to preparedness","authors":"Eleanor Gordon PhD","doi":"10.1111/disa.12615","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper assesses the extent to which the COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic directed the attention and resources of the international community away from peacebuilding, and the potential impact of this on conflict-affected environments. It draws from a global survey, interviews, and conversations with peacebuilding practitioners, publicly available information on peacebuilding funding, and real-time data on conflict events from the Armed Conflict Location &amp; Event Data Project. The paper argues that resources and attention have ‘pivoted’ away from peacebuilding to tackle the threat presented by COVID-19, and that this can—but does not always—adversely affect conflict dynamics. It contends that this pivoting belies the interconnectedness of crises, leads to ‘forgotten crises’ and escalating threats, and exposes deficiencies in peacebuilding funding and, more broadly, preparedness and crisis response. Crises do, however, provide opportunities for reflection and change, including how to address these deficiencies and, in so doing, advance more efficient, effective, and ethical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138714906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Motivations, activities, timing, and employee engagement: three approaches to business involvement in disasters 动机、活动、时机和员工参与：企业参与灾难的三种方法
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12617
Irit Alony, Debbie Haski-Leventhal, Akriti Mehra
{"title":"Motivations, activities, timing, and employee engagement: three approaches to business involvement in disasters","authors":"Irit Alony,&nbsp;Debbie Haski-Leventhal,&nbsp;Akriti Mehra","doi":"10.1111/disa.12617","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The alarming rise in occurrences of disasters, along with the positive development of corporate social responsibility (CSR), has led to the growing need for and involvement of businesses in disaster relief. However, this involvement differs greatly across organisations, and the fragmented research that exists has not offered an understanding of these differences and how they affect disaster relief. This study provides a comprehensive model of companies' involvement in disaster relief by integrating two disaster relief frameworks (activities and timing) into two CSR frameworks (motivation and employee engagement). The result is the MATE Model of four inextricably linked dimensions (motivation, activities, timing, and employee engagement), examined in a qualitative study with 57 interviewees across 34 organisations in Australia. The resulting Corporate Involvement in Disasters Model details the four MATE dimensions and categorises three approaches to corporate involvement in disaster relief: reactive, relational, and comprehensive. This model details a roadmap for effective business involvement in disaster relief.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138685072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
We returned home empty-handed: COVID-19, care, and contested citizenship of Naga migrant workers in northeast India 我们空手而归：印度东北部那加族移徙工人的 COVID-19、关爱和有争议的公民身份
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12616
Anne Décobert, Akumsungla Aier, Michael Breen, Sashipokim Jamir, Pangernungba Kechu, Dolly Kikon, Matthew Gmalifo Mabefam
{"title":"We returned home empty-handed: COVID-19, care, and contested citizenship of Naga migrant workers in northeast India","authors":"Anne Décobert,&nbsp;Akumsungla Aier,&nbsp;Michael Breen,&nbsp;Sashipokim Jamir,&nbsp;Pangernungba Kechu,&nbsp;Dolly Kikon,&nbsp;Matthew Gmalifo Mabefam","doi":"10.1111/disa.12616","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>COVID-19 highlighted interconnections between matters of identity and citizenship, vulnerability, and inclusion in/exclusion from systems of care in times of crisis. Migrant workers from Nagaland state, northeast India, were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic's socioeconomic consequences. The public health emergency brought into question who is ‘Indian’ and the citizenship rights attached to that identity, heightening migrants' exclusion from central structures. Communitarian responses in Nagaland enhanced resilience in the face of often inadequate government responses; however, COVID-19 also exposed structural inequalities within and between Naga communities. This study shows that identity-based citizenship regimes and multi-nation federalism interact to increase minorities' exclusion during crises, and that crises can strengthen both divisions and solidarity at the local level in multi-nation federal systems. Inclusion in and exclusion from systems of care are shaped by and can reshape notions of identity and citizenship, underlining the need for inclusive sociopolitical systems to mitigate crises in multi-nation federal states.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138685216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acknowledgement of reviewers 感谢审稿人
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12613
{"title":"Acknowledgement of reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/disa.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139400188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating the conditions of vulnerability experienced by migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala, India 调查印度喀拉拉邦新冠肺炎大流行期间移民工人的脆弱状况。
IF 3.2 3区 管理学
Disasters Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12614
Peter McGowran, Mishal A. Mathews, Hannah Johns, Mary C. Harasym, Emmanuel Raju, Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson
{"title":"Investigating the conditions of vulnerability experienced by migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala, India","authors":"Peter McGowran,&nbsp;Mishal A. Mathews,&nbsp;Hannah Johns,&nbsp;Mary C. Harasym,&nbsp;Emmanuel Raju,&nbsp;Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson","doi":"10.1111/disa.12614","DOIUrl":"10.1111/disa.12614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyses findings of the ‘PROWELLMIGRANTS’<sup>2</sup> project, which qualitatively investigated COVID-19 impacts on migrants’ well-being and mental health in Kerala, India. It draws on a novel conceptual framework that combines assemblage-thinking with theories of social contracts in disasters. The paper first explores how past development processes and contemporary migration policies in Kerala, and India more widely, generated conditions of vulnerability for migrant workers in Kerala prior to the pandemic. Next it shows that Government of Kerala interventions, in some cases supported by the central Government of India, temporarily addressed these vulnerabilities during the pandemic. In acknowledging the helpful response of the Kerala government, we problematise its stance on migrant workers during ‘normal’ times and speculate that permanently addressing these conditions of vulnerability would be a more logical approach. We acknowledge this involves overcoming many wider barriers. Thus, the paper also contains national-level policy implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48088,"journal":{"name":"Disasters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/disa.12614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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