{"title":"The relationship of Islamic Sharia with the prior legal systems","authors":"Abdul Khaliq Haqqani Heravi","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.32","url":null,"abstract":"In explaining the relationship between divine laws, the presumption of variance and equality of nullity, and the existence of common and distinct rulings, it is a fixed assumption that in its interpretation, common rulings exist due to the unified legislator (Sharia) and the differences are not due to the plurality of divine laws or abrogation of laws. Rather, the reality is that Sharia is a unified truth, and the evolutionary process of legislating rulings has led to certain differences within it. One might question what the commonalities of Islam with past divine laws are and why prophethood concluded with the advent of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)? It seems that in all divine and Abrahamic religions, there is a section known as legislation or practical rulings, or in Islamic terminology, it is called jurisprudence (Fiqh). In this research, a library research method is employed. Essentially, there is no difference in the essence of religious laws; all religions invite humans to the worship of the One God and negate polytheism. They encourage people to engage in favorable actions while refraining from unfavorable deeds and thoughts. Any differences observed are due to the capacity of humans in each era. For example, all humans need food to survive, but for an infant, the only suitable food is milk, whereas for a twenty-year-old, other foods are appropriate. Similarly, in religions, the ruling is in a similar manner. In Judaism, there is a book of laws and rulings, and Jewish law is quite extensive. In Christianity, the law does not exist in the sense that it does in Judaism or Islam because Paul removed the law from Christianity. They have modified their rulings and practices through the awareness of their ecclesiastical authorities, such as the Pope and the church hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The convergence and divergence of the United States and the European Union have influenced the state-building process in Afghanistan over the past two decades.","authors":"Alireza Kargar","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.30","url":null,"abstract":"The history of Afghanistan can be seen as lacking fundamental and structural governments, although rulers under the title of the state governed the country in the recent century. However, the absence of accountable governments led the country to remain in perpetual conflict and chronic violence. After 2001, when a new chapter in Afghanistan's political history began, the United States and the European Union had direct and indirect involvement in all Afghan affairs. Misunderstanding the necessity and importance of Afghanistan's cultural, historical structures, and underdevelopment in governance contributed significantly to the challenge of state-building. The main question is: how has the convergence and divergence between the United States and the European Union influenced the state-building process in Afghanistan over the past two decades?
 Apparently, the European Union and the United States did not fundamentally differ in their definition of governance issues. However, they had differences in their approaches and methods to achieve their goals, which had a negative impact on the state-building process in Afghanistan. This study utilized analytical-descriptive methods and collected information from library resources, articles, and journals. The findings indicate that over the past two decades, the European Union and the United States did not differ in supporting a strong government in Afghanistan. However, they had differences in their approaches and methods to achieve their goals, leading to the failure of state-building efforts.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Right to Choose in the Legal Systems of Afghanistan and Iran with a Focus on Islamic Jurisprudence","authors":"Yahya Mojadadi, Freshteh Salehi","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.33","url":null,"abstract":"The right of choice is not defined in the law; however, it can be stated that when the subject of a transaction is more than one item and at most three items, and the customer has the right to choose one of these items, this choice is recognized as the right of choice. The period for the right of choice is three days, and the holder of the right of choice must select one item among the maximum of three items as the subject of the transaction. The fundamental question is whether the right of choice falls under the category of cases that grant the right of rescission to the opposing party, and what is its position in the legal systems of Iran and Afghanistan?
 The recognition of the position, source, and nature of the inclusion of this right in contracts in the legal system of Afghanistan and its elucidation in the legal system of Iran, considering that this institution has not been explicitly accepted in the legal system of Iran, are the main objectives of this research.
 The findings of this study indicate that there is no explicit textual basis for the right of choice in the Quran and Hadith, and it is solely derived from the jurisprudential interpretations of Hanafi and Maliki scholars. This institution bears many similarities with the recognized institution of conditional obligations in international law. Although the right of choice is not explicitly stipulated in the legal system of Iran, it can be established in contracts under certain conditions using some provisions of the Iranian Civil Code. It appears that the right of choice can be accommodated within contracts by invoking Article 216 of the Civil Code, where the principle of the supremacy of will is well-recognized. This research follows an analytical and descriptive approach and relies on library research and documentary analysis.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Faith on Social Life","authors":"Naser Ahmad Heravi","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.34","url":null,"abstract":"In Islam, faith is the yardstick and foundation for everything. All of a person's actions, beliefs, interpersonal and social interactions, conduct, and ethics depend on their faith. If a person's faith is righteous, their actions are righteous and comply with the laws of religion. Conversely, if someone's faith is flawed, their actions yield no favorable results and do not lead to their salvation.
 On this fundamental principle, faith is intertwined with human existence and determines their fate. Happiness and adversity in a person's life are pursued based on it. When the innate call and profound intuition within a person comprehend the essence of faith and its spiritual significance, they connect with it.
 Through faith and submission to the Almighty, a person gains abundant benefits. By discovering their purpose of creation and following the guidance and perseverance on the path of truth, they surpass their desires and inclinations. By transcending their ego and selfish desires, they attain mental tranquility and the serenity of life.
 Faith places all of an individual's social interactions under its control and significantly influences the process of shaping the social norms of society. Faith awakens an individual's conscience, making them responsible. It makes them compassionate, kind, and self-sacrificing towards their fellow beings. It instills inner strength and empowerment in people. A believer becomes an active participant in the cycle of production, contributing positively to society.
 Moreover, faith shapes a society where its members collaborate, uphold one another, and strive together towards the peak of virtues, dignity, and pride, echoing the slogan: \"Hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and do not separate.\" They endeavor towards their own well-being and righteousness, rescuing their society from injustice, tyranny, and unknown rights.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utilizing Social Media for Preventing Substance Abuse","authors":"Mohammad Masudi, Basir Ahmad Hasin","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.35","url":null,"abstract":"Drug addiction not only poses serious and dangerous physical and mental health hazards but also leads to numerous social and economic challenges. These challenges include an increase in drug-related crimes such as theft and robbery, unemployment, poverty, and the squandering of significant national resources. Today, addiction has emerged as a widespread phenomenon, severely threatening our societies. To confront this grave issue effectively and mitigate its adverse effects and consequences, it is imperative to resort to innovative tools. Among the most crucial tools that can be effectively utilized in prevention and combating drug abuse is the intelligent and efficient use of mass media, especially ubiquitous social and internet-based platforms.
 Without proper planning to establish an appropriate connection through media, prevention and anti-drug messages will not reach the viewers, listeners, and readers. Media professionals will also be unable to induce significant changes in the perspectives and beliefs of their audience. The functions of awareness, education, entertainment, advertising, participation, and social mobilization through media and virtual platforms illuminate the necessity of these tools in achieving preventive and responsive goals against substance abuse.
 Therefore, the objective of this meticulously conducted research is to study the preventive role and functionality of traditional, new, and social media in the context of substance abuse.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The method of ensuring security in the three schools of thought: Islam, Realism, and Liberalism","authors":"Mirza Hussain Fazeli","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.31","url":null,"abstract":"The question that this article aims to answer is how the process of achieving security based on the principles of Islamic political jurisprudence is attainable and how it stands out in comparison to the methods of obtaining security in other schools of thought. Various schools of thought have their distinct approaches in ensuring security. This article endeavors to elucidate the superiority of the security methods from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence compared to liberalism and realism. The research hypothesis posits that \"Islamic principles exhibit superiority in the process of ensuring security compared to the other two schools.\" The research methodology employed in this study is descriptive-analytical.
 In the realm of ensuring security, different schools of thought employ their unique strategies, ranging from coercion and power to persuasion, based on diverse approaches. In the context of democratic approaches, the emphasis is on persuasion. However, within the liberal school of thought, a dual policy is observed. They employ persuasion against liberals and coercion against non-liberal states.
 The issue of security methods from the perspective of the chosen school of thought delves into various strategies, spanning from \"coercion\" and \"power\" to \"persuasion\" based on different approaches. In the realm of democracy, persuasion is generally emphasized. However, within the liberal school of thought, a dual policy is evident. They employ the component of \"persuasion\" against liberals, and the element of \"coercion\" against non-liberal countries.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Significance and Strategies for Environmental Conservation in the Light of Islamic Teachings","authors":"Basir Ahmad Nadi","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.36","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental protection is considered a fundamental aspect of Islamic faith. Islam views any assistance in cleaning and preserving the environment as ongoing charity (sadaqah jariyah) and an act of civic responsibility. Quranic verses, Hadiths (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad), religious guidelines, and jurisprudential rulings all emphasize the necessity, significance, position, and benefits of environmental conservation. This topic has gained prominence in contemporary political and healthcare discussions globally, with its protection being an international priority. Measures taken to safeguard it are aimed at ensuring a healthy environment where humans reside, free from harm. It appears that Islam regards the environment as a divine gift and has provided numerous rules, regulations, and religious guidelines for its preservation. Has Islam considered rules, regulations, and guidelines for the conservation of the environment and living organisms? This article aims to answer this question and others alike by examining the sacred texts of the Quran and the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad.
 This article attempts to analyze Islamic texts to determine the level of attention Islam, as a universal religion, has given to issues essential to human society, including environmental conservation. It discusses the excessively high regard Islam has for the environment and outlines useful Sharia solutions for maintaining a clean environment, which is one of the fundamental needs of a pure, healthy, and ideal society. The article employs an analytical approach and utilizes translations of Quranic verses from the Tafsir Noor by Mostafa Khormadell and translations of Hadiths primarily from the book Al-Lu'lu' wal-Marjan by Abu Bakr Hasan Zadeh.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Importance of Preventive Measures against Epidemic Diseases from the Perspective of Islamic Law","authors":"Mohammad Mansour Moheb","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.37","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the importance of preventive measures against epidemic diseases from the perspective of Islamic law. It first clarifies the concept of preventive measures and then delves into their significance and strategies based on Islamic law. The text emphasizes preserving human health and safety from deadly diseases, highlighting the importance of cleanliness and environmental hygiene, including maintaining personal hygiene, wearing clean clothes, medical isolation, and environmental cleanliness.
 According to the teachings of Islamic sacred law, it can be said that the best preventive measures are guided by medical advice in Islamic law. Adhering to these measures consistently helps humans remain protected from widespread diseases such as COVID-19, Ebola, and others. Strategies such as medical treatment and the use of authorized medicines, quarantine, and medical isolation (avoiding social interactions when afflicted with diseases) are some of the most effective preventive measures, emphasized and recommended by Islamic teachings. Failure to comply with these measures is considered contrary to religious dictates and endangers human life. Since safeguarding human life is considered one of the primary objectives of Islamic law, everyone is obligated to adhere to preventive measures based on both religious teachings and medical guidelines. By following these measures, individuals can protect their communities from devastating epidemic diseases.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Higher Education and Training in Entrepreneurial Development in Afghanistan","authors":"Mohammad Naveer","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v8i3.38","url":null,"abstract":"Education and training stand as pivotal factors in the growth and development of entrepreneurship, capturing global attention. Various studies have demonstrated that entrepreneurial traits are predominantly acquired rather than inherited, underscoring the current emphasis on entrepreneurship education. Today, entrepreneurial education has become one of the most crucial and widespread activities within educational institutions, especially universities, worldwide. Given the substantial impact of entrepreneurship on economic and social development, governments invest considerable efforts in providing entrepreneurial education to their populace. In recent years, Afghanistan has witnessed significant endeavors by institutions and universities, establishing entrepreneurial centers and conducting various educational programs for students.
 This article, based on qualitative data and employing a descriptive research method, endeavors to explore the significant role and influence of higher education and training in entrepreneurial development within the country. The research aims to shed light on the intersection of education and entrepreneurship, addressing topics such as the definition of entrepreneurship, the importance and necessity of entrepreneurship education, research objectives, questions, and hypotheses, the goals of entrepreneurial education, the need for entrepreneurship courses in universities, universities' objectives in promoting entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial characteristics of universities, social and cultural indicators of entrepreneurship at the university level. Finally, the study concludes with findings and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"بررسی رابطه مدیریت دانش و توانمندسازی نیروی انسانی در مؤسسات تحصیلات عالی ولایت هرات","authors":"عزیزالله صامت","doi":"10.61438/jsrqj.v7i2.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61438/jsrqj.v7i2.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"ماهیت تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی میباشد و ازدو روش کتابخانهای و میدانی برای انجام تحقیق استفاده گردیده است. ابتدابه انجام مطالعات کتابخانهای وبرسی مستندات پرداخته شده است. حاصل این مرحله طراحی مدل مفهومی تحقیق و سؤالات تحقیق بود. سپس سؤالات تحقیق از طریق توزیع پرسشنامه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. جامعه هدف دانشگاهها و مؤسسات تحصیلات عالی خصوصی ولایت هرات در کشور افغانستان میباشد که با توجه به معیارات نمونهگیری یک نمونه 29 نفری بصورت تصادفی انتخاب گردیدند و به پرسشنامه پاسخ ارائه نمودند. در بخش ادبیات تحقیق به بیان رابطه مدیریت دانش وتوانمندسازی نیروی انسانی از لحاظ تیوریکی و مدل مفهومی تحقیق پرداخته شده است که نمایانگر رابطه انکارناپذیر این دو متغیر با همدیگر بود. با سنجش کمی در تجزیه و تحلیل معلوم گردید که در محیط پژوهش این تحقیق 67.38% مدیریت دانش استقراریافته است. گرچه این فیصدی زیادهم مقبول نیست؛ اما درین سازمانهای نو تولد شده غنیمتی است بس بزرگ که این فیصدی استقرار مدیریت دانش مؤلفههای یک فرد توانمند را طور اوسط در حدود 72% حمایت کرده است.
","PeriodicalId":479332,"journal":{"name":"Jami Scientific Research Quarterly Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135154757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}