Criminology & Public Policy最新文献

{"title":"A picture worth a thousand words: The effect of murals on crime","authors":"Maya Moritz","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70046","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary Drawing on the tenets of situational crime prevention, several place‐based interventions are both effective in reducing crime and relatively inexpensive. The installation of large exterior murals also fits within the situational crime prevention framework. In Philadelphia, the staggered implementation of mural arts lends itself to a quasi‐experimental design, using spatial and temporal variation to test how murals affect crime. Employing this method, I find significant crime decreases on street segments after mural painting begins, concentrated in nighttime property crime, which falls by approximately 23% (about 0.06 fewer incidents per street segment per quarter) in a heterogeneity‐robust staggered difference‐in‐differences analysis. This estimate is similar under a traditional two‐way fixed effects approach and when the comparison group is matched to mural streets on prior crime. I also detect suggestive yet sizeable crime displacement to adjoining blocks, along with suggestive variation in significance by mural location. Policy Implications The findings support funding arts programs to address local crime complaints alongside the current goals of public art investment. The concentration of effects in a single crime category and the displacement of crime to adjoining blocks suggest the need for a more wholesale blight remediation strategy that extends beyond the single use of mural arts. Future research should examine which features of larger areas drive crime reduction and displacement, test whether effects vary by artwork characteristics, and use randomized placement to rule out other concurrent neighborhood interventions.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advocates for Community Transformation: Using the civil justice system to tackle drug houses and empower residents","authors":"Clair V. Uding, Richard Adeyemi, Evangeline Heppenstall, Priscilla Kleven","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70044","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary Traditionally, the criminal justice system has been responsible for addressing crime, but civil law can also play an important role in reducing crime problems. Drawing on the principles of situational crime prevention, this study examines an innovative approach to tackling drug houses in Dallas, TX. The program supports resident‐led enforcement of nuisance abatement laws to hold property owners accountable for crime occurring at their properties. Between 2021 and 2024, the program successfully resolved 48 nuisance properties, primarily single‐family homes associated with narcotics and violent crime, through remedies consisting of tenant eviction, property rehabilitation, or demolition. Using annual crime incident data from 2017 to 2025, this study evaluates changes in crime at treated nuisance properties ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 48) and within a 0.1‐mi radius compared with post hoc comparison properties ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 55). A staggered difference‐in‐differences design using the Callaway and Sant'Anna estimator was employed to account for variation in treatment timing across properties. Results indicate that the program produced significant reductions in crime at treated properties and in the surrounding area following intervention, with minimal evidence of differential pre‐intervention trends. Survey data from participating residents further provide insights into perceived improvements in neighborhood safety and community cohesion following program implementation. Policy Implications The program is the first that we know of that equips residents to fight crime on their street using the civil justice system. By using nuisance abatement laws to address narcotics activity at properties that affect public safety and health, the program aims to target the drugs and crime associated with single residences, disrupting crime and modifying the environment of the street, and empowering residents to prevent future crime.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing effective crime prevention policies: Editors’ introduction","authors":"William D. Moreto, Anthony A. Braga","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70048","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary This editorial introduction is for the special issue, “Designing Effective Crime Prevention Policies: Recognizing Ronald V. Clarke's Contributions to Criminology and Crime Science.” The guest editors, William D. Moreto and Anthony A. Braga, provide a summary of Ronald Clarke's outstanding career and significant contributions to criminology, crime science, and public policy. The guest editors also deliver individual tributes to Clarke highlighting his impact on their careers and provide an overview of the contributions in the special issue. Policy Implications In this editorial introduction, the guest editors discuss Clarke's enduring impact on crime prevention policy and academic‐practitioner partnerships.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do targeted, place‐based educational campaigns influence citizen engagement and violent crime? A quasi‐experiment of the alert conscience technique of situational crime prevention","authors":"Eric L. Piza, Claire Harkins, Katherine P. Hazen","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70045","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary Between 2021 and 2024, the Mecklenburg County (NC) Department of Public Health's Office of Violence Prevention launched two targeted media campaigns in response to high rates of community violence. The first used geofencing: virtual geographic boundaries that deliver targeted advertisements to mobile devices. The second used clean graffiti, in which anti‐violence messages were power‐washed onto sidewalks. This study applies a staggered difference‐in‐differences design to estimate the campaigns’ effect on 311 calls (as a proxy for citizen engagement) and violent crime incidents, conditioned on observed covariates that may introduce confounding effects. Overall campaign exposure was associated with statistically significant increases in overall 311 calls and request‐related 311 calls. Neither campaign, when assessed separately, produced significant effects. No models showed overall impacts on violent crime. Policy Implications Despite their popularity, crime prevention media campaigns have been less frequently evaluated than other situational crime prevention (SCP) techniques. As a result, the knowledge base on the alert conscience technique is much less developed than that on techniques such as target hardening, formal surveillance, natural surveillance, and place management. In the current study, while 311 calls significantly increased, the media campaigns did not reduce violent crime. This suggests that the alert conscience technique of SCP may be less effective for crime reduction than approaches that directly modify the physical environment to limit crime opportunities. Media campaigns may therefore need to be paired with other crime prevention techniques if they are to affect crime as well as community engagement.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return of the MAC, the Columbia model: Full‐scale crime intervention and public perceptions of police presence","authors":"Hunter M. Boehme, Scott M. Mourtgos, Brandon Tregle, Marc Olson, Cannon Fulmer","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70037","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary In the summer of 2025, the Columbia (SC) Police Department (CPD) implemented a full‐scale crime intervention in the Millwood Avenue Corridor (MAC), a historically high‐crime neighborhood. The intervention consisted of random high‐visibility patrols on 10 high‐crime streets during high‐crime times, increased LED lighting, increased code enforcement cases (e.g., abated buildings) across the neighborhood, a distribution of 340 burglary prevention door hangers to rental units, and coordinated drug enforcement activities. Using Bayesian synthetic control methods, findings indicate significant decreases in total Part I crimes, violent crimes, and property crimes during the intervention period, with no evidence of displacement to nearby areas. Postintervention analyses indicated sustained residual deterrence in robbery and burglary. In addition, pre‐ and postintervention surveys were distributed to a random sample of residents within the MAC to assess perceptions of legitimacy, visibility, and neighborhood crime problems. Some significant positive shifts in perceptions of CPD from pre‐ to post‐intervention occurred, including perceptions that individuals who commit burglary/theft would likely be arrested and that CPD's code enforcement units were more visible during the intervention. Policy Implications The execution of several evidence‐based crime reduction strategies in the target area resulted in decreased violent and property crimes. Coupling multiple evidence‐based strategies targeting historically high‐crime areas may reduce multiple crime types. Furthermore, these strategies not only reduced crime but also enhanced certain residents’ perceptions of the police and the neighborhood. This study highlights that several crime prevention strategies can be implemented successfully, especially if systematically implemented and tracked, eliciting higher perceptions of police and the neighborhood. Further, this study highlights the value of collaborative crime prevention initiatives that require both intra‐ and interagency coordination and partnerships. Agencies seeking to address crime problems in historically high‐crime areas can model similar strategies around the Columbia model.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back to the future for the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA): The development and validation of an actuarial risk assessment instrument for sexual violence in prison","authors":"Valerie A. Clark, Grant Duwe, Susan McNeeley","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70042","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary This study evaluated the predictive validity of Minnesota's professional judgment‐based Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) screening tool and developed a gender‐specific actuarial instrument to assess risk for sexual victimization and perpetration in prison. Using data from 22,238 admissions to Minnesota's prison system between 2021 and 2025, we examined official reports of sexual abuse. The professional judgement‐based PREA tool demonstrated weak predictive discrimination. In contrast, the actuarial models showed substantially stronger performance, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.74 to 0.79 for women and from 0.71 to 0.73 for men. These findings indicate that actuarial, gender‐specific tools outperform professional judgment‐based instruments and highlight the importance of tailoring risk assessments to population‐specific characteristics. Policy Implications The results underscore the need for corrections agencies to adopt validated actuarial risk assessment instruments for PREA compliance. Current screening tools, developed primarily through professional judgment, may misclassify risk and fail to prevent sexual violence effectively. Implementing actuarial, gender‐specific tools can improve housing, programming, and supervision decisions, thereby enhancing institutional safety. Agencies should consider leveraging existing screening data to develop customized instruments and explore multistate collaborations to create tools with broader generalizability. Additionally, reassessment protocols for individuals incarcerated longer than 1 year could further improve predictive accuracy. These steps would advance PREA's goals of preventing sexual abuse and promoting safer correctional environments.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liberating criminology from criminal motivation: The legacy of Ronald V. Clarke","authors":"David Weisburd","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating crime prevention: Evidence from Washington, DC's street lighting upgrade","authors":"David Mitre‐Becerril, M. Dylan Spencer","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70040","url":null,"abstract":"Research summary We examine how large‐scale investments in urban infrastructure influence crime by evaluating Washington, DC's 2023 citywide conversion of street lighting to LED technology. Using incident‐level crime data from 2014 to 2025 and leveraging the rollout of the upgrade, we estimate its effects using a staggered difference‐in‐differences design. Our primary analysis uses street segment–month data to capture immediate, micro‐level impacts at the locations where lighting was upgraded, complemented by broader community‐level effects. The results show significant reductions in nighttime offenses, driven largely by financially motivated crimes and some evidence of decreases in gun‐related offenses. The effects remain evident for several outcomes during the observed post‐intervention period, though there is some evidence of attenuation over time. Crime did not reallocate to other times of the day, and there is no evidence of displacement into adjacent streets. Furthermore, there are no effects on arrests, suggesting that the decrease in crime is due to deterrence. Policy implications These findings provide rigorous evidence that citywide street lighting upgrades, implemented primarily for energy efficiency and service delivery, can yield meaningful public safety benefits. By documenting immediate, dynamic, and spatially diffuse crime reductions, this study advances situational crime prevention and environmental criminology while informing policymakers about the conditions under which investments in the built environment can complement, rather than substitute for, enforcement‐based strategies.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of interview timing and body‐worn camera video review on completeness and accuracy of accounts of a lethal force scenario","authors":"Louise E. Porter, Justin Ready, Martine Powell, Geoffrey P. Alpert, Ronald Fisher","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70041","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary How to optimize police officers’ accounts following a critical incident like an officer‐involved shooting has been debated in policy and scholarly literature. Although empirical research has begun to explore the impact of interview timing and viewing body‐worn camera (BWC) footage from the incident, no study has explored how timing interacts with BWC review to impact officers’ memory reports. The present study addressed this through a randomized controlled experiment. Police recruits ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 166) wore a BWC and participated in a live armed‐offender role‐play simulation. Recruits were randomly assigned to an interview about the scenario either on the same day and several days later, or only several days later, and to either watch or not watch their BWC video directly before their interview. We tested the effects of timing (delay–between‐subjects and repeated interview–within‐subjects) and video review on the amount and accuracy of two categories of details: details from the encounter with the offender (encounter‐phase details) and details outside of this encounter phase (non‐encounter‐phase details). Delay did not significantly impact recruits’ accounts. Repeating the interview yielded more details than first interviews, and watching BWC improved accuracy. However, these effects were confined to non‐encounter‐phase details. Policy Implications The findings have implications for policy and practice regarding the timing and review of BWC footage when interviewing police officers after critical incidents. Our findings showed that the effects of these practices, particularly BWC, depend on the context of the information being reported. Policies allowing officers to view their BWC video footage before giving a statement are likely to support more complete accounts but will not necessarily be beneficial to determining the reasonableness of officers’ actions. We caution against reviewing BWC before an initial statement is captured, as well as delaying interviews, if the officers’ perspective is the priority.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"36 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stressed, understaffed, and stuck: Examining organizational stressors and job satisfaction in U.S. prisons","authors":"Vivian Aranda‐Hughes","doi":"10.1111/1745-9133.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.70038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research Summary This study applies the job demands–resources (JD–R) framework to examine how workplace conditions shape correctional staff emotional stress and job satisfaction. Using survey data from 9656 Florida Department of Corrections employees across 50 state prisons, the study tested whether emotional stress mediates the relationship between workplace demands and job satisfaction and whether perceptions of facility management moderate these effects. Drawing on a larger mixed‐methods project informed by interviews and focus groups with staff, the study examined three organizational demands: officer shortages, a lack of experienced officers, and structural job constraints. A moderated mediation path analysis was used to assess direct, indirect, and conditional relationships. All three demands were associated with higher levels of emotional stress, which, in turn, was linked to lower job satisfaction. In addition, perceptions of effective facility management buffered the negative relationship between emotional stress and job satisfaction and weakened the indirect effects of workplace demands. Policy Implications The findings indicate that addressing correctional workplace stress requires attention to staffing pressures, as well as to broader organizational conditions that shape employee well‐being. Strategies such as targeted recruitment, staffing incentives, and flexible scheduling may help alleviate workforce strain in understaffed facilities. At the same time, the results indicate that leadership quality and organizational support may play important roles in shaping how correctional staff experience emotional stress and job satisfaction. Leadership development initiatives that strengthen supervision, communication, conflict de‐escalation, and mentorship capacity may therefore help improve workplace climate within chronically strained correctional environments. Additional organizational supports, including peer support initiatives, resilience training, and mental health resources tailored to correctional settings, may further assist staff coping and improve institutional functioning.","PeriodicalId":47902,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Public Policy","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}