Past & Present最新文献

The Colonial Metamorphosis of Egyptian Capital Punishment, 1884–1903 埃及死刑的殖民蜕变，1884-1903

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf030

Alaa El-Shafei

引用次数: 0

Air Travel, Statelessness, and the Rights Claims of Ugandan Asians, c.1973 航空旅行、无国籍状态和乌干达亚洲人的权利要求，1973年

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf029

Ria Kapoor

{"title":"Air Travel, Statelessness, and the Rights Claims of Ugandan Asians, c.1973","authors":"Ria Kapoor","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf029","url":null,"abstract":"In the aftermath of Idi Amin’s expulsion of Uganda’s South Asians in 1972, some of those made technically stateless arrived in India unsupported by the United Nations or any national government. Eleven of them attempted to fly on via Sri Lanka, without the required paperwork, to join their families in the United Kingdom. As large colonial empires gave way to postcolonial nation states, and as the international community and the former colonial metropole shed responsibilities towards their former subjects, the various destinations to which such stateless persons were considered for deportation reflect the uneasy status of diasporic communities. Using what official records saw as the ‘problem’ of this international flight, this article explores how the sealed realm of air travel became a locus for the articulation of their rights as these peoples of the postcolonial world used the devices of deportation and ‘shuttlecocking’ against national and international actors to challenge the inequitable application of notionally universal principles to deny material assistance and recognition of their rights as refugees and stateless persons. In this way, individuals and non-state actors were able to use air travel to intervene bodily to influence national and supranational discourses designed to exclude them.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"102 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vernacular development, drought, and US technical assistance in postcolonial Lebanon 后殖民黎巴嫩的乡土发展、干旱和美国技术援助

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf026

Owain Lawson

{"title":"Vernacular development, drought, and US technical assistance in postcolonial Lebanon","authors":"Owain Lawson","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf026","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1951–55, the US Bureau of Reclamation conducted research in Lebanon to plan a hydroelectric and irrigation scheme using Lebanon's largest river, the Litani. Their research would later form the basis of the Litani project, Lebanon's largest development scheme until the 1990s. In the shadow of that project, communities in the Litani River basin worked to enroll these US technical assistance researchers and their technologies into fulfilling their urgent needs for potable water. The article argues that these enrollments comprised ‘vernacular development’, a highly contingent, bottom-up strategy that the intended subjects of development deployed in their encounters with agents of international development. Vernacular development was a mode of interaction that interrupted and subverted the technological and temporal framework animating midcentury international development. That framework promised elaborate works in the future, which almost never materialized. Through vernacular development strategies, Litani communities identified their own material needs and goals and experimented with strategies to enroll international researchers into attaining them. They derived these strategies from their experience with successive imperial and corporate planning missions that had come and gone in the decades prior to the postwar development era. Exploring hitherto unexamined agrarian sources in the US National Archives, this article contributes to the historiography of international development and the postcolonial Middle East.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bodies, Tides, Timber, and the Global History of London’s Docks, 1860–1928 尸体、潮汐、木材和伦敦码头的全球历史，1860-1928

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf025

Simeon Koole, Ben Mechen

{"title":"Bodies, Tides, Timber, and the Global History of London’s Docks, 1860–1928","authors":"Simeon Koole, Ben Mechen","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf025","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines changes in the bodies and environment of labourers carrying timber imported into London’s docks in the 1860s to the 1920s to provide a history of global capitalism from the ground up. Moving between London and Sweden, it shows how microphysical alterations in the skeletons of dockers, the wood they carried, and rivers in both countries materialized and modified macro-level changes in tides, forestry, and shipping. Repurposing the concept ‘lines of force’ from nineteenth-century physics, the article argues that lines — material, temporal, and spatial — reveal hidden relations between bodies and environments. Lines etched into bones or running through wood grain show how humans and other-than-humans were exposed to one another across varying distances, and how this exposure became accentuated under industrial capitalism. Second, they show how this mutual exposure operated over multiple timescales, from a worker’s lifetime to century-long modifications in tree growth and river flows. Finally, such lines reveal how ‘the world’ was not simply a space which steamships crossed, but a predicament, unique to and made by the relationships that living beings had with one another.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145141494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secrecy and sovereignty in the Age of Revolutions 革命时代的秘密与主权

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf024

Katlyn Marie Carter

{"title":"Secrecy and sovereignty in the Age of Revolutions","authors":"Katlyn Marie Carter","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf024","url":null,"abstract":"Transparency, or publicity as it was then called, became a fundamental value linked to popular sovereignty in the late eighteenth century. Those who advocated greater publicity, particularly of legislative deliberations, did so as part of an overarching vision of political representation as a process by which the popular will was to be continuously reflected in government. Publicity, in short, would make popular sovereignty possible. But when elected officials in the early United States and revolutionary France made claims to speak for the people, the use of secrecy actually strengthened those claims by temporally dislocating disagreement to after the passage of unpopular policies rather than during the deliberative process. This reality created a paradox at the heart of representative government: secrecy was bolstering a type of regime to which it was simultaneously deemed anathema. Placing procedural decisions about publicity and secrecy front and center, this article addresses questions long plaguing historians: how did the American framers secure what Edmund Morgan called the “fiction of popular sovereignty”? And why were French revolutionaries unable to do the same? One answer, which has long been neglected despite its significance, is the procedural practices of constituent bodies in each context. This article undertakes a comparison of the procedural decisions in the American Constitutional Convention and subsequent legislature and the establishment of the French National Assembly and successor legislatures. It argues that there is nothing mystical about the legitimacy of popular sovereignty through representative government: it was the result of deliberate decisions about the procedures of governance.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144924416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The purposeful workhouse of England’s Old Poor Law 英国《旧济贫法》规定的济贫院

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf013

Susannah Ottaway

{"title":"The purposeful workhouse of England’s Old Poor Law","authors":"Susannah Ottaway","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf013","url":null,"abstract":"It has long been recognized that the English workhouses of the Old Poor Law era (1601-1834) were important precursors to institutions of the modern social services, but what kind of places were they? Characterized by eighteenth-century humanitarians as ‘pauper prisons’, and by early nineteenth-century political economists as ‘pauper palaces’, workhouses were undoubtedly varied institutions with hybrid regimes that included both care and work, nurture and discipline. Integrating recent work that has revealed much about material conditions and the agency of workhouse inmates, this article reassesses work in Old Poor Law workhouses, focusing especially on houses of industry in the county of Norfolk. We find a new perspective on these poor law institutions by recognizing their serious and sustained efforts to keep inmates working productively. Simply put, workhouses worked in the long eighteenth century. To house the infirm, embed work habits in the young, provide temporary shelter and confinement for the able-bodied or unsettled poor, parishes poured time and resources into their local and regional workhouses. In their multifaceted nature, workhouses most resembled not the prisons or hospitals to which they are sometimes compared, but rather the institution of the household-family that was the bedrock of society in the long eighteenth century.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making sugar out of opium: A narco-plantation regime in early modern Southeast Asia 用鸦片制糖：近代早期东南亚的毒品种植制度

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf015

Guanmian Xu, Shohei Okubo

引用次数: 0

Immobility 不动

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf014

Ana Struillou, Malika Zehni, Lamin Manneh

{"title":"Immobility","authors":"Ana Struillou, Malika Zehni, Lamin Manneh","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf014","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, since the early years of the twenty-first century, some have questioned the relevance of historians’ ‘fetishization of mobility’ in an era of closing borders. This has led to greater attention being placed on systems of ‘regulation and intervention’ that shape global migration. Shifting away from the narratives centred on movement and fluidity, we argue that immobility is not a mere lack of movement: it is about the power relations and barriers that enforce, experience, and resist stillness. By delving into the archives of Past and Present, we aim to construct a conversation around the processes of enforcing, experiencing, and challenging immobility. We have found that immobility shapes the experiences of both the historical actors found in the journal and the historians and scholars who write these histories. This issue explores immobility through three interconnected sections: ‘Spaces’ examines the physical and metaphorical places where movement is arrested, revealing the lived experiences within these confines and the technologies that facilitate and enforce stillness; ‘Shadows’ delves into the legal and administrative categorizations that produce and sustain immobility, focusing on the policies and ideologies that mark certain bodies as immobile; finally, ‘Aftermath’ reflects on the consequences of enforced immobility, exploring how displaced and immobilized individuals navigate and shape their identities and communities in the wake of restrictions.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Political Crisis of British Keynesianism, 1973–1983 英国凯恩斯主义的政治危机，1973-1983

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf012

Colm Murphy

{"title":"The Political Crisis of British Keynesianism, 1973–1983","authors":"Colm Murphy","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf012","url":null,"abstract":"In histories of Western political economy in the 1970s–1980s, Keynesianism is conventionally depicted as a victim of neoliberal ascendancy. Building on revisionist scholarship, this article looks beyond neoliberalism to explain the fate of Keynesianism in the transforming political economy of the United Kingdom in its global contexts. It explores a neglected case study: the intense controversies sparked by the Keynesian policy makers Wynne Godley and Francis Cripps. Responding to stagflation and strikes, Godley and Cripps demanded sweeping import controls to forestall mass unemployment and reverse Britain’s ‘decline’. They became celebrity economists, attracting admiration and opprobrium from government ministers and officials, political parties, journalists, and the City. Their arguments raised thorny questions, not just over economic policy, but also over Britain’s domestic statecraft and geopolitical relations after empire, during the Cold War, and inside the European Community. Revisiting these debates underscores the destabilizing impact of de-industrialization. It also reveals that (geo)political calculation determined the fate of Keynesian policy making more directly than neoliberal ideology. Godley and Cripps’s failure therefore illuminates a deeper political dilemma for fin-de-siècle Keynesians across Europe: upon which territorial order could they, and should they, exercise demand management as globalization accelerated? This question continues to shape Western politics in the twenty-first century.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lordship in the Later Middle Ages: A Round Table Discussion 中世纪晚期的领主制度：圆桌讨论

IF 1.8 1区历史学

Past & Present Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/pastj/gtaf011

Frederik Buylaert, Sandro Carocci, Thijs Lambrecht, Christian D Liddy, Alice Rio, Tristan W Sharp, Alice Taylor, Chris Wickham

{"title":"Lordship in the Later Middle Ages: A Round Table Discussion","authors":"Frederik Buylaert, Sandro Carocci, Thijs Lambrecht, Christian D Liddy, Alice Rio, Tristan W Sharp, Alice Taylor, Chris Wickham","doi":"10.1093/pastj/gtaf011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtaf011","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, a number of articles have featured in Past and Present on the subject of late medieval lordship. Three were accepted within a four-month period between July and October 2023 (Christian D. Liddy, ‘The Making of Towns, the Making of Polities’; Tristan W. Sharp, ‘Seigneurial Predation in the Late Medieval Feud’; Frederik Buylaert, Thijs Lambrecht, Klaas Van Gelder, and Kaat Cappelle, ‘The Political Economy of Seigneurial Lordship in Flanders’). The three pieces approached the subject in quite different ways, and with very different findings; at the same time, they were clearly talking about the same thing, and all were concerned with assessing more closely what lords took from, and had to offer to, local societies, and their social and/or economic impact. This seemed a good opportunity to hold a workshop to place the articles in conversation with each other in order to identify commonalities, reflect on the wider field, and prompt more general questions. The round table took place on 17 June 2024 at King’s College London. The version presented here is a revised and edited transcript, but aiming to retain the feel of the original oral conversation. A brief opening section introduces the articles to give context to the discussion.","PeriodicalId":47870,"journal":{"name":"Past & Present","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0