{"title":"Economic Forecasting With German Newspaper Articles","authors":"Tino Berger, Simon Wintter","doi":"10.1002/for.3211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We introduce a new leading indicator for the German business cycle based on the content of newspaper articles from the <i>Süddeutsche Zeitung</i>. We use the rapidly evolving technique of Natural Language Processing (NLP) to transform the content of daily newspaper articles between 1992 and 2021 into topic time series using an LDA model. These topic time series reflect broad areas of the German economy since 1992, in particular the recession phases of the High-Tech Crisis, the Great Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic. We use the Newspaper Indicator in a Probit model to demonstrate that our data can be considered as a new leading indicator for predicting recession periods in Germany. Moreover, we show in an out-of-sample forecast experiment that our newspaper data have a predictive power for the German business cycle across 12 target variables that is as strong as established survey indicators. Industrial Production, the Stock Market Index DAX, and the Consumer Price Index for Germany can even be predicted out-of-sample more accurately with our newspaper data than with survey indices of the Ifo Institute and the OECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"497-512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/for.3211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forecasting Beta Using Ultra High Frequency Data","authors":"Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1002/for.3204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines if using ultra high frequency (UHF, e.g., tick-by-tick) data could improve the accuracy of beta forecasts compared with using only moderately high frequency (MHF, minute-level) data. We propose a novel two-step paired <i>t</i>-test for performance evaluation. Our test exploits the cross-sectional variations in the beta forecasts and avoids the issues associated with the traditional approach which requires choosing a proxy for the true beta. Our tests provide strong evidence that using UHF data generally yields more accurate beta forecasts than using MHF data. Furthermore, we show that the UHF estimator consistently belongs to the group of best risk-hedging performers for portfolios constructed based on both industrial classifications and size and book-to-market ratios. However, we also find that using UHF data of a coarser scale (e.g., 5 or 15 s) leads to reduced benefits compared with using tick-by-tick data. Our conclusions hold when different UHF estimators and sample periods are used.</p>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"485-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/for.3204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Estimation of Multivariate Time Series Data Based on Reduced Rank Model","authors":"Tengteng Xu, Ping Deng, Riquan Zhang, Weihua Zhao","doi":"10.1002/for.3205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multivariate time series analysis uncovers the intricate relationships among multiple variables, which plays a vital role in areas such as policy-making and business decision-making. This paper employs a reduced rank regression model to investigate a robust estimation method for multivariate time series data using an \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ℓ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {ell}_1 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> penalty. The goal is to achieve rapid parameter estimation while ensuring robustness in the analysis of time series data. This study provides a detailed description of the solution process and examines the theoretical properties of the proposed method. To evaluate its effectiveness, the proposed model is compared with full-rank regression and the multivariate regression with covariance estimation (MRCE) method through simulations, as well as an analysis of the Sceaux household electric power consumption data. The results indicate that the proposed model performs well.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"474-484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Multisource High-Dimensional Mixed-Frequency Risks in the Stock Market: A Group Penalized Reverse Unrestricted Mixed Data Sampling Approach","authors":"Xingxuan Zhuo, Shunfei Luo, Yan Cao","doi":"10.1002/for.3191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3191","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper introduces a novel forecasting approach that addresses a significant challenge in applied research: effectively utilizing high-dimensional and mixed-frequency data from multiple sources to explain and predict variables that respond at high frequency. This approach combines a mixed data sampling model and group variable selection methods, resulting in the development of the Group Penalized Reverse Unrestricted Mixed Data Sampling Model (GP-RU-MIDAS). The GP-RU-MIDAS model is designed to achieve various research objectives, including analyzing mixed-frequency data in reverse, estimating high-dimensional parameters, identifying key variables, and analyzing their relative importance and sensitivity. By applying this model to uncover uncertainties in stock market returns, the following notable results emerge: (1) GP-RU-MIDAS improves the selection of relevant variables and enhances forecasting accuracy; (2) various risks impact stock market returns in diverse ways, with effects varying over time and exhibiting continuous trends, phase shifts, or extreme levels; and (3) stock market volatility and the Euro to RMB exchange rate significantly influence stock market returns over different forecasting periods, with a generally positive and dynamic impact. In conclusion, the GP-RU-MIDAS model demonstrates robustness and utility in complex data analysis scenarios, providing insights into the nuanced realm of stock market risk assessment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"459-473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multifrequency Data Fusion Deep Learning Model for Carbon Price Prediction","authors":"Canran Xiao, Yongmei Liu","doi":"10.1002/for.3198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In response to the global need for effective management of carbon emissions and alignment with sustainable development goals, predicting carbon trading prices accurately is critical. This study introduces a multifrequency data fusion carbon price prediction model (MFF-CPPM), addressing the nonlinear characteristics of carbon trading prices and inconsistent feature factor frequencies. The MFF-CPPM consists of a feature-extraction frontend, a multifrequency data fusion transformer, and a fusion regression layer, offering a novel methodological approach in forecasting studies. The model's validity was tested in Guangdong, China's largest carbon trading pilot market. The results demonstrated that the MFF-CPPM outperformed baseline models in terms of carbon price-prediction accuracy and trend forecasting. Additional trials conducted in Hubei and Beijing confirmed the model's robustness and generalization capabilities, providing valuable evidence of its effectiveness and reliability across varying market contexts. This study presents a novel predictive model for carbon trading prices, with a unique capability to harness data at differing frequencies. The MFF-CPPM not only enhances forecasting accuracy but also offers an innovative approach to effectively incorporate multifrequency information. This advancement paves the way for flexible forecasting models in any scenario where data arrive at differing frequencies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"436-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting Equity Premium: A New Momentum Indicator Selection Strategy With Machine Learning","authors":"Yong Qu, Ying Yuan","doi":"10.1002/for.3200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose a new momentum-determined indicator-switching (N-MDIS) strategy, harnessing the power of machine learning to enhance the accuracy of equity premium prediction. Specifically, we re-examine the regime-dependent feature of univariate predictive regression relative to the benchmark. Furthermore, we investigate the prediction mechanism of the momentum-determined indicator-switching (MDIS) strategy and validate the significance of market regime information for the MDIS. Our findings demonstrate an overwhelmingly superior ex-post forecasting performance compared with the MDIS. More notably, our empirical results substantiate that machine learning greatly aids in momentum indicator selection. The results show that the N-MDIS with machine learning generates more accurate ex-ante equity premium forecasts than both MDIS strategy and N-MDIS strategy with logistic regression, yielding statistically and economically significant results. Moreover, our new approach exhibits robust forecasting performance across a series of robustness tests.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"424-435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forecasting Expected Shortfall and Value-at-Risk With Cross-Sectional Aggregation","authors":"Jie Wang, Yongqiao Wang","doi":"10.1002/for.3195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of the conditional autoregressive value-at-risk (CAViaR) process with the Fissler–Ziegel (FZ) loss function generates a recently emerging framework (CAViaR-FZ) for forecasting value-at-risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES). However, existing CAViaR-FZ models typically overlook the presence of long-range dependence, a stylized fact of financial time series. This paper proposes a long-memory CAViaR-FZ model using the cross-sectional aggregation (CSA) method. The CSA method is well-recognized for its ability to generate a long-memory process by aggregating an infinite number of short-memory processes cross-sectionally. The proposed CSA-CAViaR-FZ model flexibly captures long-memory dynamics in both VaR and ES and includes the original short-memory CAViaR-FZ model as a special case. Simulation and empirical results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms various competing models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"391-423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interval Forecasting of Carbon Price With a Novel Hybrid Multiscale Decomposition and Bootstrap Approach","authors":"Bangzhu Zhu, Chunzhuo Wan, Ping Wang, Julien Chevallier","doi":"10.1002/for.3199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper proposes a novel hybrid multiscale decomposition and bootstrap approach for carbon price interval forecasting, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional carbon price point forecasting. The original carbon price is decomposed into simple modes using the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), and various bootstrap methods are applied to perform a random sampling with a replacement on each mode, generating pseudo datasets forecasted using extreme gradient boosting (XGB). The forecasting values of all modes are then integrated into the original carbon price interval forecasting values. The empirical results, based on samples from China's Guangdong and Hubei carbon markets, provide compelling evidence of the effectiveness of our model. It achieves higher forecasting accuracy, higher interval coverage, and narrower forecasting intervals than currently popular prediction models, instilling confidence in its potential to enhance carbon price forecasting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"376-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mirko S. Bozanic-Leal, Marcel Goic, Charles Thraves
{"title":"Affinities and Complementarities of Methods and Information Sets in the Estimation of Prices in Real Estate Markets","authors":"Mirko S. Bozanic-Leal, Marcel Goic, Charles Thraves","doi":"10.1002/for.3202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, we evaluate the predictive power of multiple machine learning methods using different sets of information, such as location, amenities, socioeconomic characteristics, and available infrastructure nearby, in both residential and commercial real estate markets. This analysis allows us to understand what type of information is the most relevant for each market, which methods are best suited for certain explanatory variables, and the degree of complementarity among different covariates. Our results indicate that the combination of multiple data sources consistently leads to better forecasting and that flexible machine learning models outperform linear regression or spatial methods by taking advantage of the complex interactions between explanatory variables of different sources. From a substantive point of view, we found that residential sale markets have a higher prediction error compared with their rent counterparts, with house sales being the market with the largest estimation error. In terms of the explanatory power of different information sets in different markets, we observe that socioeconomic and location variables have the highest impact on the prediction for sale markets and that, in relative terms, amenities and proximity to places of interest are more important for rental than sale residential markets.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"356-375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forecasting of S&P 500 ESG Index by Using CEEMDAN and LSTM Approach","authors":"Divya Aggarwal, Sougata Banerjee","doi":"10.1002/for.3201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.3201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to forecast the S&P 500 ESG index using the mixture model of complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) prediction models. CEEMDAN enables decomposing the index's original return series into different intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and a residual series. The decomposed IMFs are then regrouped into aggregate series depicting high frequency and medium frequency, while the residual series represent the trend component. LSTM algorithm is used on the aggregated series to obtain predicted values of the same. The study compares different prediction algorithms to identify their performance and explore the predictive power of the hybrid models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forecasting","volume":"44 2","pages":"339-355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}