Hermann Frank , Alexander Kessler , Susanne Beck , Julia Suess-Reyes , Elena Fuetsch
{"title":"The enterpriseness of business families: Conceptualization, scale development and validation","authors":"Hermann Frank , Alexander Kessler , Susanne Beck , Julia Suess-Reyes , Elena Fuetsch","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article addresses the business family, which so far has received only limited scholarly attention. The business family as the group of family members regularly discussing and deciding business matters is key for the functioning of both the business and the family. Specifically, we propose and empirically test the concept of the enterpriseness of business families, which is the ability to handle the potentially contradictory expectations of the family and business systems. We empirically validate the enterpriseness scale using a sample of 451 business families. Results indicate high levels of validity and reliability. The two subscales decision-making ability (six items) and business family identity (four items) offer a methodically rigorous, theoretically sound, and parsimonious measure. The article presents opportunities for potential applications of the enterpriseness concept and scale for family business as well as business family research and practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49887241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical and empirical differences between the interlocked boards of family and non-family firms","authors":"Rosa Caiazza , Phillip H. Phan , Michele Simoni","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Class hegemony and resource dependence are the traditional perspectives used to explain interlocking directorate formation in publicly listed corporations. A subset of these corporations, family firms, are different because their governance involves non-economic interests. There are few empirical validations of these perspectives for family firms. Through a 16 semi-annual period longitudinal comparison of non-financial family and non-family Italian firms, we show that the traditional perspectives partially explain board formation in family businesses while other considerations such as family ties provide a more complete picture. Over the same period, we find that family and non-family firm interlocks evolve differently, suggesting refinements on theories of board interlocks for family firms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49887246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentino D’Angelo , Mario Daniele Amore , Alessandro Minichilli , Kelly Xing Chen , Angelo Maria Solarino
{"title":"Family agents","authors":"Valentino D’Angelo , Mario Daniele Amore , Alessandro Minichilli , Kelly Xing Chen , Angelo Maria Solarino","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several firms around the world are led by multiple CEOs. Our study investigates how co-CEOs affect corporate investment under different conditions of ownership and governance. We argue that while family firms may invest more parsimoniously than non-family firms, the presence of multiple family CEOs raises overinvestment due to a potential divergence of personal agendas. Our analysis confirms that co-CEOs are conducive of excessive investment activities in family firms. This effect is lower when the family firm is subject to strong board monitoring, and higher when the co-CEOs belong to different family branches. Contrary to the view that families represent homogeneous groups with aligned interests and preferences, our study suggests that the fragmentation of leadership among multiple actors may be costly for the family business.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49905927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Hoekx , Frank Lambrechts , Pieter Vandekerkhof , Wim Voordeckers , Hermann Frank
{"title":"The influence of familiness on decision-making quality in top management teams: The role of emotional dissonance and perceived team support","authors":"Laura Hoekx , Frank Lambrechts , Pieter Vandekerkhof , Wim Voordeckers , Hermann Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article studies the relationship between familiness, approached from a new systems theory perspective, and decision-making quality in family firm top management teams. We focus on two potential explanations of this relationship by examining the mediating role of emotional dissonance and perceived team support. A hand-collected multiple-respondent dataset of 212 top managers from 45 Belgian family firm TMTs shows a positive relationship between familiness and decision-making quality, mediated by the level of perceived team support. Moreover, we find that familiness decreases the level of emotional dissonance experienced by these top managers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49905928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Bettinelli , Barbara Del Bosco , Richard J. Gentry , Clay Dibrell
{"title":"The influence of board social activity on firm performance","authors":"Cristina Bettinelli , Barbara Del Bosco , Richard J. Gentry , Clay Dibrell","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2023.100552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2023.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the relationship between board social activity (i.e., frequency of board meetings) and firm performance in publicly traded family and non-family firms, focusing on the moderating effects of family involvement (i.e., family ownership and at least one family member on the board of directors). Our investigation is based on a database of 172 family and non-family firms listed on the Italian Stock Exchange over a 10-year period (1098 observations). The results indicate a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) relationship between board meeting frequency and firm accounting performance. Moreover, family involvement positively moderates this curvilinear relationship, leading to an optimal level of board meetings, which is higher in firms with increasing family involvement than in other firms. Applying behavioral governance theory, we contribute to explain how boards of directors influence firm performance through the board context (i.e., family involvement) and arrangements (i.e., frequency of board meetings/social interactions), providing evidence for family firm heterogeneity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49887238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contradiction and disaggregation for family firm research","authors":"Isabelle Le Breton-Miller, Danny Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We suggest how research into family firms can be advanced via an approach of contradiction and disaggregation – two complementary processes. The former questions, generally via direct contradiction, popular theories and normative postures. The latter employs methods to disaggregate samples, causal relations, and constructs to detect or reconcile contradictory findings and avoid excessive generalization. Disaggregation also can identify specific, neglected types of organizations, actors, and contexts that evoke challenges to prevailing perspectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie Deferne , Alexandra Bertschi-Michel , Julia de Groote
{"title":"The role of trust in family business stakeholder relationships: A systematic literature review","authors":"Marie Deferne , Alexandra Bertschi-Michel , Julia de Groote","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An increasing number of studies emphasize the importance of trust between family businesses and their stakeholders. Surprisingly, family business research still lacks a comprehensive understanding of the role of trust in stakeholder relationships; whereas another field—that of organizational behavior—has examined trust-building in depth. Thus, in order to identify specific research gaps and to determine future research directions, we systematically review the literature on trust in the field of family business, as well as in organizational behavior research. Both streams pursue different, hence complementary, approaches in terms of the type of trusting stakeholders, theory building, nomological network (antecedents, components and consequences of trust), level of analysis and type of trust. Whilst family business research maintains a focus on the consequences of trust, organizational behavior focuses rather on its components. We formulate a set of propositions and future research questions as to how insights from organizational behavior research can help to fill existing research gaps and advance our understanding of trust in the management of family business stakeholder relationships.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100501"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49900780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Francisco Tragant Espeche , María Sacristán-Navarro , José Ángel Zúñiga-Vicente , Nuno Fernandes Crespo
{"title":"Innovation and internationalisation during times of economic growth, crisis, and recovery prior to Covid-19: A configurational approach comparing Spanish manufacturing family and non-family firms","authors":"José Francisco Tragant Espeche , María Sacristán-Navarro , José Ángel Zúñiga-Vicente , Nuno Fernandes Crespo","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based primarily on the Resource-Based View and prior evidence, this study gauges the potential differences in innovative behaviour between international family firms and non-family firms when conditions change drastically in the business environment (i.e. from a situation of economic growth to one of downturn, and then to recovery). The research setting is a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms between 2007 and 2016 (i.e. pre-Covid-19). During this period (2009–2013), the global economic and financial crisis affected Spain. Thus, three sub-periods are distinguished in the empirical analysis: growth, crisis, and recovery. Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis, our findings show that the paths of innovation activities that promote internationalisation via exporting in family and non-family firms are somewhat dissimilar in each sub-period, supporting the argument that the causal effect of innovation on internationalisation is heavily dependent on environmental conditions. Compared to non-family firms, our results show that when family firms internationalise, they follow a wide variety and more stable number of paths in innovation activities. Our findings also provide additional evidence to support the argument of heterogeneity among family firms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A safe haven in times of crisis: The appeal of family companies as employers amid the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Philipp Jaufenthaler","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Family firms often struggle to recruit skilled non-family employees. Applying a mixed-method strategy, this article investigates the changing perception of family firms as attractive employers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experimental results indicate that family firms benefit from a greater popularity amid crises owing to perceptions that they offer greater job security and compensation. Qualitative findings expand on these results by identifying new attractiveness-relevant factors that only come into play amid crises—specifically, multifaceted conceptions of family firms’ crisis responses and their importance for local communities and economies contribute to their situational appeal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Playing the wild cards: Antecedents of family firm resilience","authors":"Wojciech Czakon , Monika Hajdas , Joanna Radomska","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study is to explore how family firms respond to wild cards. We aim to capture the understanding of family firm owners/managers of what wild cards are in terms of frequency, kind, and impact. We also examine how familiness and entrepreneurial orientation form the resilience and survival of family firms when facing wild cards. The scope of our attention is limited to extreme events so far overlooked in the family firm resilience literature, and the empirical context of our study involves the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings show that the response to wild cards depends on the understanding of those extreme situations that family firms managers/owners develop. Deep time horizon is relevant in developing a useful understanding of wild cards, and generational involvement helps to socially construct it. After developing an understanding, family firm managers/owners use decision making preferences in selecting their response to wild cards. Our study offers a behavioral take on family firms resilience, and provides a fine grained view incorporating behavioral constructs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}