Carlotta Benedetti , Paola Rovelli , Andrea Fronzetti Colladon , Alfredo De Massis , Kurt Matzler
{"title":"CEO identity and media perception: The influence on family firms’ brand importance","authors":"Carlotta Benedetti , Paola Rovelli , Andrea Fronzetti Colladon , Alfredo De Massis , Kurt Matzler","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study expands upon previous research on family firm leadership by exploring the role of CEO identity – i.e., family vs. nonfamily CEO – concerning the way media perceive the brand of the family firm– i.e., brand importance. Drawing on endorsement theory, we suggest that CEO identity influences media perception of the family firm and its brand, thereby affecting the extent of brand importance generated by these external stakeholders. Additionally, we propose that the generation of the family controlling the firm may influence the relationship between CEO identity and brand importance. Employing text mining and social network analysis techniques, we use the Semantic Brand Score to measure the importance that media place on family firm brands. Our analysis of a sample of 63 Italian family firms and 52,555 news articles published about these firms shows a positive and significant relation between the presence of a nonfamily CEO and brand importance; nevertheless, this relation is negatively moderated by the family firm generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are family firms’ export relationships more persistent?","authors":"Cristina Aragon-Amonarriz , Cristina Iturrioz-Landart , Raúl Mínguez , Asier Minondo , Francisco Requena","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the persistence of family firms’ international relationships. We theoretically argue how socioemotional wealth’s gains and losses balancing process supported by network closure allows family firms to develop more persistent relationships with their foreign partners than their non-family counterparts. Our study empirically tests this hypothesis and confirms that export relationship survival is higher in family firms than in their non-family counterparts. We further show that this difference is magnified during economic crises or when operating in culturally distant markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 100649"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Family ownership and M&A propensity in emerging market firms: Playing along the “rules of the game”","authors":"Vidya Sukumara Panicker, Elena Georgiadou","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The literature is ambivalent about the impact of family ownership on Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) undertaken by family firms with prior studies arguing that family Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) may either promote or dissuade M&A. To investigate this ambivalence, we combine SEW and institutional perspectives to examine the influence of family ownership, institutional shareholding, and board composition, on M&A propensity of family firms, in the emerging market of India. On a sample of 3209 Indian firms (of which 1824 are family firms) in the 2006–2017 time-period, we find that family ownership positively impacts M&A propensity of family firms. However, ownership by domestic financial institutions negatively moderates the relationship between family ownership and M&A propensity in these firms. We also find that the presence of family directors and independent directors on the board is instrumental in promoting family firm M&A. Our findings enhance the understanding of M&A propensity in family firms within a specific emerging market and illustrate how this propensity is influenced by the corporate governance characteristics in these firms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"16 1","pages":"Article 100648"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fulfillment or status: Job seekers’ reward expectations towards family and non-family employers","authors":"Annika Ehlers , Ryan Rumble , Claudia Binz Astrachan , Massimo Baù","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited anecdotal and empirical evidence suggests that family ownership status – whether a company is family-owned or publicly held – may influence job seekers’ intentions to apply. Drawing from the theory of person-organization fit and utilizing qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), we conducted an exploratory study analyzing survey data from 756 senior-level job seekers in Switzerland. Our analysis identified distinct cohorts of job seekers who consistently applied to family-owned versus non-family-owned companies. We discovered two profiles of applicants who seem to favor family employers: <em>Fulfillment Seekers</em> and <em>Reward Seekers</em>. Despite their differences, both profiles share an intrinsic need for praise. In contrast, we identified one profile of non-family firm applicants, <em>Hero Followers</em>, who prioritize neither praise nor pride but have a strong desire to work for an admired superior – the very thing <em>Fulfillment Seekers</em> and <em>Reward Seekers</em> deprioritize. Our findings suggest that distinct groups of job seekers are motivated by different reward combinations: <em>Pay, Perks, Personas, Pride,</em> which they expect to find in either family or non-family companies. Family firms could benefit from emphasizing these rewards in their recruitment processes, compensation schemes, and employer branding strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 4","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877858524000299/pdfft?md5=76560dde962d7e120c3e3e6b0bd27142&pid=1-s2.0-S1877858524000299-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario Daniele Amore , Valentino D’Angelo , Isabelle Le Breton-Miller , Danny Miller , Valerio Pelucco , Marc Van Essen
{"title":"Using machine learning to identify and measure the family influence on companies","authors":"Mario Daniele Amore , Valentino D’Angelo , Isabelle Le Breton-Miller , Danny Miller , Valerio Pelucco , Marc Van Essen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many studies have focused on family firms. Yet, grasping the nature of these organizations remains challenging because firms’ familiness can take many forms, which are hard to trace with traditional data. We use ChatGPT – an application of machine learning – to try to unravel the complex and intangible influence of families on firms in large datasets. Whereas it often classifies family firms consistently with equity criteria, ChatGPT appears able to gauge families’ legacy and values. Hence, it detects more family firms in countries where families have a strong influence on firms even without large equity stakes. Also, ChatGPT often treats lone-founder firms as non-family firms, whereas it assigns a higher family score to firms that are eponymous, heir-led, and with multiple family directors. Finally, classifying family firms using ChatGPT provides financially relevant information to investors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 4","pages":"Article 100644"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unveiling environmental, social, and governance dynamics in family firms","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 3","pages":"Article 100608"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140469801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating and sustaining mutualistic well-being: Toward a theory of family and business symbiosis","authors":"Kimberly A. Eddleston , Jennifer E. Jennings","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper addresses a question that is fundamental to the domain of family business research yet still inadequately addressed by the field’s predominant theories: Why are some family business systems able to create and sustain the simultaneous health of both the business and the family over generations, whereas many others experience an erosion in the well-being of one sphere relative to the other? Invoking analogical theorizing, we demonstrate the fruitfulness of applying key concepts from biological research on symbiotic relationships between organisms of different species. More specifically, we suggest that the area’s distinction between mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism provides a useful vocabulary for conceptualizing the heterogeneity evident amongst family business systems. By delineating factors that are likely to influence the nature and strength of a family business system’s symbiotic relationship, we hope that our conceptual framework helps guide future research on why, when, and how the interdependence between family and business can range—and sometimes shift—along a continuum from strong mutualism to strong parasitism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 3","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877858524000317/pdfft?md5=6cd92cb30edde2cab4e98eeaa5344dd5&pid=1-s2.0-S1877858524000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sven Wolff , Philipp Koehn , Philipp J. Ruf , Petra M. Moog , Giuseppe Strina
{"title":"Measuring family influence from the non-family employee perspective: The perceived family influence scale (PFIS)","authors":"Sven Wolff , Philipp Koehn , Philipp J. Ruf , Petra M. Moog , Giuseppe Strina","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To further our understanding of family influence in family businesses, this study introduces the Perceived Family Influence Scale (PFIS). Departing from existing owner-centric methodologies, the PFIS uses social constructivism theory to capture family influence from the perspective of non-family employees, a frequently neglected but integral stakeholder group within the family firm ecosystem. Following a rigorous multistep development process involving 600 non-family employees, we validate the PFIS and identify three core sub-dimensions of perceived family influence: culture, organizational decision-making, and image. We also demonstrate the practical applicability of the PFIS by examining the link between perceived family influence and non-family employee job satisfaction. Grounded in social constructivism, the PFIS is a reliable instrument that allows for the collection of more unbiased and holistic data on family influence, thereby refining our understanding of family firms and advancing the family business research field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 3","pages":"Article 100635"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877858524000305/pdfft?md5=8a0a9c8879adee568b65f839683aac96&pid=1-s2.0-S1877858524000305-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Fox , Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni , Jeffrey G. Covin
{"title":"Legacy: The meaning of lasting impact for family, business, and beyond","authors":"Matthew Fox , Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni , Jeffrey G. Covin","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concept of legacy exists at the core of family business research, yet as a construct, the nature of what legacy is and why and how legacy matters across generations has been poorly understood (Hammond, Pearson, & Holt, 2016). This lack of conceptual clarity has limited legacy research in the domain of family business. In this article, we provide a comprehensive definition of legacy that can be used to draw connections across existing legacy research and open new avenues of inquiry critical to understanding both family firms and legacy itself.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 3","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141481404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Family firm employment behavior during a financial crisis: Does generational stage matter?","authors":"Noora Heino , Naufal Alimov , Pasi Tuominen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Family firms are claimed to be long-term oriented and aim at preserving their non-financial business family objectives, which is also reflected in their employment behavior. While family firms’ behavioral and strategic responses to declining performance have received some academic attention, studies acknowledging family firm generational stage are rarer. In this article, we assess the “employment smoothing” hypothesis, according to which both first- and later-generation family firms restrain from laying off their employees despite financial pressure. We use statistical data from over 4000 Finnish companies to examine the differences in employment behavior between family and non-family SMEs and address the family firm’s generational stage. By differentiating between various phases of the financial crisis that peaked during 2008–2009, we explore several dimensions of employment variability, such as changes in the number of employees, within-firm time variation, and standard deviation in employment to test our hypothesis. We find that first-generation family firms are agile—they introduce changes swiftly by cutting their personnel at the start of financial pressure and restrain from doing so during later years. On the other hand, later-generation family businesses are more stable in their employment behavior than first-generation family businesses and non-family businesses—they introduce employment changes only after their profitability has remained at a lower level for a prolonged period following the start of the crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Business Strategy","volume":"15 3","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877858524000196/pdfft?md5=206095559b4f0670ce8c118b1dde1fe6&pid=1-s2.0-S1877858524000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141481405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}