Materialia最新文献

{"title":"Microalloy Mg-based degradation implant for intra-osteal fixation","authors":"Tingting Niu ,&nbsp;Yange Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Shuntao Li ,&nbsp;Hongtao Yang ,&nbsp;Tongtong Lu ,&nbsp;Yong Sun ,&nbsp;Hongxia Sun ,&nbsp;Youde Wang ,&nbsp;Liying Zhang ,&nbsp;Liqun Ren ,&nbsp;Yu Jin ,&nbsp;Tao Suo ,&nbsp;Rui Zan ,&nbsp;Yimin Wang ,&nbsp;Guodong Zou ,&nbsp;Carlos Fernandez ,&nbsp;Qiuming Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bottleneck for Mg-based degradable implants lies in the mismatching relationship between mechanical properties and degradable rate, resulting in the rapid failure during the <em>in-vivo</em> degradable process and potential toxic role. Herein microalloy-conception has been involved to rectify the equilibrium effects among several aspects. Microstructure, mechanical properties, degradable properties and <em>in-vitro/in-vivo</em> biocompatibility properties of as-extruded pure Mg, Mg-0.15Ca, and Mg-0.15Ca-0.10Mn samples have been investigated. The results show that the Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn alloy exhibits a high yield strength (110 MPa) and a low degradable rate (0.82 mm/y). Attractively, the mechanical integrity has been remained in Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn alloy after 14 weeks in the rat femoral mode, and a homogenous degradable rate with 0.92 mm/y has been confirmed, which is basically equivalent to the <em>in vitro</em> value. Simultaneously, the low concentration of ions also reveals satisfactory biocompatibility equal to pure Mg, based on organ function and pathological morphology. Our findings reveal that microalloy paves a possible route to design high performance Mg-based intra-osteal fixation implants, resolving the contradictions among the degradable requirements under different body environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to fabricate Fe-based thin film metallic glass with commercial boron carbide and AISI M42 tool steel","authors":"Sung-Tsun Wang ,&nbsp;Jhen-De You ,&nbsp;Bo-you Chen ,&nbsp;Chun-Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Jinn P. Chu ,&nbsp;Pakman Yiu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report a Fe-based thin film metallic glass (Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-X TFMG) fabricated by magnetron sputtering with commercial boron carbide (B₄C) target and AISI M42 tool steel pellets. Varied number of M42 pellets were co-sputtered with B₄C target, resulting in Fe content ranged from 48.1 at% to 62.8 at%. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that all sample films were amorphous. All samples showed glass transition and crystallization in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), similar to typical metallic glasses. However, glass transition was barely observable in B4m owing to its high oxygen content. The sample films also had extremely low surface roughness of 0.14 – 0.26 nm. The sample films also showed tribological properties comparable to conventionally deposited TFMG, where the highest hardness and reduced modulus obtained was 9.0 GPa and 150.8 GPa respectively. The sample films also demonstrated specific wear rate K₀ as low as 1.6 × 10^–5 mm³Nm^-1. Our work demonstrates a more cost-effective and sustainable way of fabricating Fe-based TFMG, in which both AISI M42 are readily available and can be easily recycled after use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the precipitation and transformation kinetics of precipitation-hardening steel X5CrNiCuNb16-4 in a wide range of heating and cooling rates","authors":"Benjamin Milkereit ,&nbsp;Christian Rowolt ,&nbsp;Dipanwita Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Randi Holmestad ,&nbsp;Ruben Bjørge ,&nbsp;Matteo Villa ,&nbsp;Frank Niessen ,&nbsp;Andreas Stark ,&nbsp;Frédéric De Geuser ,&nbsp;Olaf Kessler","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the transformation and dissolution/precipitation behaviour of the soft martensitic, precipitation-hardening steel X5CrNiCuNb16-4 (often referred to as 17–4 PH or AISI 630) has been investigated by various analytical in situ techniques. First, austenite formation during the heating stage of a solution treatment (or austenitization) is examined. Subsequently, a major part of this work evaluates precipitation during cooling from the solution treatment (i.e., the quench-induced precipitation of Cu-rich particles). The following analytical in situ techniques were utilised: synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction, synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and dilatometry. These were complemented by ex situ high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy on as-quenched samples after various cooling rates. The continuous heating transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams have been updated. Contrary to previous reports, X5CrNiCuNb16-4 is rather quench sensitive and the final properties after ageing degrade if cooling is done slower than a certain critical cooling rate. Quench-induced Cu-rich precipitation happens in two reactions: a larger, nearly pure Cu face-centred cubic phase forms at higher temperatures, while at medium temperatures, spherical Cu-rich nanoparticles form, which are found to be body-centred cubic at room temperature. The dimensions of the quench-induced particles range from several µm after cooling at 0.0001 K s^-1 down to just a few nm after cooling at 1 K s^-1. The maximum age hardening potential of X5CrNiCuNb16-4 can be exploited if a fully supersaturated solid solution is reached at cooling rates above the critical cooling rate of about 10 K s^-1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile properties and work hardening in Al0.3CoCrFeNi: The role of L12 precipitates and grain size","authors":"Stéphane Gorsse ,&nbsp;Florian Peyrouzet ,&nbsp;Thierry Baffie ,&nbsp;Christelle Navone ,&nbsp;Julie Maisonneuve ,&nbsp;François Saint-Antonin ,&nbsp;Marion Descoins ,&nbsp;Khalid Hoummada ,&nbsp;Rajarshi Barnerjee ,&nbsp;An-Chou Yeh ,&nbsp;Mohamed Gouné","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigate the FCC-Al_0.3CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy fabricated via spark plasma sintering of atomized powders, focusing on its mechanical and work-hardening properties across three distinct microstructures: coarse-grained, fine-grained, and fine-grained with L1₂ nano-precipitates. Using a dislocation density-based model, we analyze the effects of grain size and L1₂ precipitates on these properties, achieving quantitative agreement between model predictions and experimental tensile and work-hardening behaviors. This exploration highlights the underlying deformation mechanisms at room temperature and their contributions to the strength/ductility trade-off. Significantly, our analysis reveals that twinning in HEAs manifests differently from that observed in steels. Furthermore, the incorporation of L1₂ precipitates emerges as a critical factor enhancing the alloy's mechanical attributes. Our findings underscore the essential roles of microstructural parameters in tailoring the mechanical properties of HEAs, offering insights that could guide the design of advanced alloys with optimized performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cruciality of particle size and shape on fracture mechanism of aluminum matrix composites","authors":"Guodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Cui ,&nbsp;Qianduo Zhuang ,&nbsp;Kang Wang ,&nbsp;Zan Li ,&nbsp;Di Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal matrix composites are generally believed to achieve better performance with spherical reinforcements than irregular ones. In this work, through experiments and computational simulations, we have demonstrated that spherical reinforcements do not necessarily enhance the tensile ductility of composites. There exists a critical size for spherical particles. Using an Al₂O₃-Al2024 composite as an example, we found that when the size of spherical Al₂O₃ particles is less than 3 µm, they are not fractured during deformation, resulting in enhanced ductility. We elucidated the competitive mechanism between particle and matrix fracture under various reinforcement sizes and volume fractions, and constructed a deformation map that can be utilized to determine fracture mechanisms. This work clarifies the micro-mechanical mechanisms of reinforcements on material fracture behavior, providing guidance for the design and fabrication of strong and ductile metal matrix composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe plastic deformation of Mn-Al permanent magnets","authors":"Thomas Keller ,&nbsp;Gheorghe Gurau ,&nbsp;Ian Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manganese-aluminum permanent magnets are promising candidates to fill the cost and performance gap between lower-performance bonded ferrites and high-performance magnets based on rare-earth elements. This is due to the favorable combination of saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the Mn-Al τ phase combined with low raw material cost. However, the τ phase is metastable and prone to decomposition at high temperatures, making processing by conventional milling and sintering difficult. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is an alternative processing route to control the microstructure of a material by applying very high amounts of strain. In this study, equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) and high-speed high-pressure torsion (HS-HPT) were both tested as SPD processing routes. ECAE improved magnetic energy product, (BH)_max, by 220 % by refining the grain size and imparting a high density of dislocations. HS-HPT enabled a rapid phase transformation from the high-temperature ε phase to the τ phase but lowered H_ci, making it better suited to soft magnet processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-functional hydrogen tungsten bronze/carbon composite catalysts towards biomass conversion and solar water purification","authors":"Akitaka Yabuki ,&nbsp;Kunihiko Kato ,&nbsp;Yunzi Xin ,&nbsp;Yuping Xu ,&nbsp;Takashi Shirai","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We presented a novel bi-functional catalyst composed of H_xWO₃ and carbon composites, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity in biomass conversion and can effectively purify water via a wide range of wavelengths in the light spectrum. The H_xWO₃/carbon composites were effectively produced from commercially available monoclinic tungsten trioxide (WO₃) and polypropylene (PP) powders to a single-step mechanochemical reaction employing high-energy ball milling. We systemically investigated how different synthesis parameters, such as rotation speed, processing duration, and ball diameter, affect the mechanochemically-induced phase transformation to either tetragonal or cubic H_xWO₃ during planetary ball milling. The crystal phase of H_xWO₃ was controllable by altering the total impact energy in the ball milling. In addition, real-time monitoring of the pressure increment inside the pot and evaluation of the evolved gas revealed the degassing behavior through the oxidative degradation of PP assisted by WO₃. The CV and Rietveld analysis proved that H_xWO₃ exhibited significant enhancement by two orders of magnitude in the rate of <em>H</em>⁺ diffusion compared to monoclinic WO₃. This enhancement would be attributed to the expansion of a mechanically-formed tunnel along the a-axis, which facilitates the migration of <em>H</em>⁺ ions. The H_xWO₃/carbon composites performed approximately 12-fold higher efficiency in generating soluble solids (glucose and furfural derivatives) compared to untreated WO₃ through the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose, owing to the enhanced Brønsted acidity. Moreover, the composite particles showed broad light absorption in the UV–Vis–NIR range and demonstrated a considerable enhancement of over three orders of magnitude in the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange pollutants when exposed to NIR and visible light.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin microporous polydimethylsiloxane membrane prepared by phase separation and its applications for cell culture","authors":"Jin Hong Yap ,&nbsp;Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yosuke Okamura ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal experiments are often required for biological studies. However, in vitro cell culture models, such as cell-culture inserts and microphysiological systems, can provide a suitable alternative, making them essential tools in cell biology research, including the simulation of an organ environments closely related to the human body. Cell-culture inserts with porous membranes assist in recreating in vivo cell culture environments to study and process cell-culture assays. However, conventional cell culture membranes typically made of polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate cannot accommodate cell types that require deformable substrates. As such, this paper introduced a novel approach using spin-casting-assisted polymer-blend phase separation to create thin, flexible, and highly porous membranes for cell culture applications. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was selected as the material for the porous membrane, and polystyrene (PS) was used as a counter pair to induce phase separation with PDMS. PDMS facilitated the necessary reversible deformations during cell culture owing to its low elastic modulus. The thickness of the membrane and connectivity of the phase-separated PS domains can be adjusted, facilitating the fine-tuning of the pore size and density to improve the membrane performance. Therefore, this study successfully fabricated thin microporous PDMS membranes with improved performance over standard membranes for cell-culture inserts, namely a higher porosity, flexibility, and softness. The results of this study can enhance cell culture methodologies and contribute to a deeper understanding of cellular processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic scale investigation and cytocompatibility of copper and zinc-loaded phosphate-based glasses prepared by coacervation","authors":"B.A. Kyffin ,&nbsp;R. Di Pasquale ,&nbsp;D.M. Pickup ,&nbsp;F. Foroutan ,&nbsp;I. Abrahams ,&nbsp;N. Kanwal ,&nbsp;D.S. Keeble ,&nbsp;M. Felipe-Sotelo ,&nbsp;A. Hoxha ,&nbsp;Z. Moghaddam ,&nbsp;S.J. Hinder ,&nbsp;M.A. Baker ,&nbsp;E.T. Nery ,&nbsp;D. Carta","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are bioresorbable materials that find application in the field of controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. The structural arrangements of the phosphate units in PBGs, along with the knowledge of how therapeutic metallic ions are embedded in the phosphate network are important in understanding the degradation and targeted release properties of these materials. Using a combination of Raman spectroscopy, high-energy X-ray diffraction and ³¹P and ²³Na solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, the atomic structure of coacervate PBGs in the system P₂O₅-CaO-Na₂O-MO_x (M = Cu or Zn) with loadings of 2, 10 and 15 mol % of M²⁺ have been studied as functions of composition and calcination temperature. After drying at room temperature, the structures of the phosphate network in PBG-Cu and PBG-Zn are quite similar, with that of PBG-Zn exhibiting slightly higher connectivity. Heating at 300 °C causes degradation of the polyphosphate chains, even though Q² species remain predominant. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates that Cu in calcined PBGs is present in both oxidation states +1 and +2, with a predominance of the +2 state. Cu and Zn ion release data after 24 h exposure of PBGs in deionized water and cell medium DMEM show that release is proportional to their loadings. Cytotoxicity MTT assays of dissolution products of PBG-Cu/ZnX calcined at 300 °C on human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and on human skin cells (HaCaTs) showed good cellular response for all compositions, indicating that PBGs have great potential for both hard and soft tissue regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse kinetic pathways in shock-compressed phase transitions of a metallic single crystal","authors":"Simin An,&nbsp;Xingyu Gao,&nbsp;Haifeng Liu,&nbsp;Haifeng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substantial gaps in solid-solid phase boundaries under hydrostatic and uniaxial compression have recently garnered great attention, though the underlying physics remains unclear. In this study, through molecular dynamics simulations of shock-compressed fcc Cu single crystals, we report pronounced orientation-dependent fcc-to-bcc phase transition pressures following the trend [100] &lt; [110] &lt; [111] ≈ thermodynamic phase boundary. We uncover a fundamental crystallographic law that explains these phase boundary gaps, rooted in the classical orientational relationship of martensitic transformations: the degree of alignment between loading directions and the easiest atomic moving path plays a critical role in determining phase transition pathways. The complex, orientation-dependent phase transition pathways and the observed temperature equilibrium efficiency ranking [100] &gt; [110] &gt; [111] further support the validity of this crystallographic law. This law is broadly applicable to fcc crystals, indicating that phase composition can be controlled by the method of compression, providing a new framework for selective polymorph formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}