Journal of General Psychology最新文献_第5页

Bidirectional relations between gratitude and depression/anxiety: based on three follow-up data. 感恩与抑郁/焦虑的双向关系:基于三个随访数据。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-19 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2275315

Zhongyuan Liang, Yanhui Xiang

引用次数: 0

Psychological endurance: how grit, resilience, and related factors contribute to sustained effort despite adversity. 心理耐力：勇气、复原力和相关因素如何有助于在逆境中持续努力。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955

Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Scott L Johnston, Dale W Russell

{"title":"Psychological endurance: how grit, resilience, and related factors contribute to sustained effort despite adversity.","authors":"Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Scott L Johnston, Dale W Russell","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955","url":null,"abstract":"Many concepts describe how individuals sustain effort despite challenging circumstances. For example, scholars and practitioners may incorporate discussions of grit, hardiness, self-control, and resilience into their ideas of performance under adversity. Although there are nuanced points underlying each construct capable of generating empirically sound propositions, the shared attributes make them difficult to differentiate. As a result, substantial confusion arises when debating how these related factors concomitantly contribute to success, especially when practitioners attempt to communicate these ideas in applied settings. The model proposed here-psychological endurance-is a unified theory to explore how multiple concepts contribute to sustained goal-directed behaviors and individual success. Central to this model is the metaphor of a psychological battery, which potentiates and sustains optimal performance despite adversity. Grit and hardiness are associated with the maximum charge of the psychological battery, or how long an individual could sustain effort. Self-control modulates energy management that augments effort required to sustain endurance, whereas resilience represents the ability to recharge. These factors are constrained by both psychological and physiological stressors in the environment that drain the psychology battery. Taken together, these ideas form a novel framework to discuss related psychological concepts, and ideally, optimize intervention to enhance psychological endurance.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"271-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10212602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social power may be associated with health through positive emotion. 社会力量可能通过积极的情绪与健康联系在一起。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135

Tyler N Livingston, Caroline Cummings, Jonathan Singer

{"title":"Social power may be associated with health through positive emotion.","authors":"Tyler N Livingston, Caroline Cummings, Jonathan Singer","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135","url":null,"abstract":"Increased social power-defined as one's influence on another's behavior-guides activation of one's behavioral activation system which, in turn, elicits greater positive emotion. Positive emotion has also been linked to greater health. The current research assessed whether power and positive emotion are related to health. In Study 1, participants (N = 403; Mage = 48.33 years) wrote a narrative about a time in which they felt powerful or powerless. Greater self-reported feelings of power, concurrent with more frequent use of positive emotional words within the narrative, was associated with fewer references to health within the narrative. In Study 2, participants (N = 401; Mage = 33.05 years) primed with the concept of power (vs. powerlessness) reported greater health competency through enhanced positive emotion. Findings provided preliminary data supporting the continued study of power to better understand the link between positive emotion and health. Future research should elucidate the long-term relationships between these variables to examine whether increased power can produce downstream positive effects on health and health behavior.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"314-334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiating the DF effect in episodic memory: evaluating the contribution of the procedures of collaborative memory. 区分外显记忆中的 DF 效应：评估协作记忆程序的贡献。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133

Aiqing Nie, Bingyan Guo

{"title":"Differentiating the DF effect in episodic memory: evaluating the contribution of the procedures of collaborative memory.","authors":"Aiqing Nie, Bingyan Guo","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research has demonstrated a significant directed forgetting (DF) effect in memory. However, it remains unclear whether this phenomenon would occur in the context of interpersonal collaboration. Additionally, the contribution of emotional valence to the DF effect in item memory and source memory (which are subtypes of episodic memory) also needs to be explored. To address these issues, we conducted two experiments that combined the collaborative memory paradigm with the item-method procedure of DF. In both experiments, positive, neutral, or negative words were presented as stimuli, each followed by an R/F cue during encoding. We conducted two recalls, labeled Recall 1 and Recall 2, which consisted of both memory tasks. Recall 1 was performed either individually or collaboratively, whereas Recall 2 was done individually. Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 adopted the free-flowing procedure and the turn-taking procedure of collaborative memory, respectively. We obtained three implications from our current findings. (a) The occurrence of the DF effect in item memory was found regardless of the procedure of collaborative memory, and it was insensitive to the emotional valence of words or to whether participants had collaborated or not. These patterns demonstrate that both the mechanisms of elaborative rehearsal and active suppression/encoding blocking were engaged across words of different emotional valences and in nominal and collaborative circumstances. (b) In source memory, the DF effect showed different patterns in ongoing and post-collaborative memory, which underpins the dual-process models. (c) The amplitude of the DF effect was sensitive to the interaction of emotional valence by the status of collaboration, and the impact of collaboration differed between the two experiments, offering telling evidence of different aspects of the retrieval strategy disruption hypothesis (RSDH). Directions for identifying more influential factors are put forward.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"223-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10218367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is it time to replace the Big Five personality model? Factorial structure of the NEO PI-R in a community sample of Spanish adults. 是时候取代五大人格模式了吗？西班牙成年人社区样本中近地天体PI-R的因子结构。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136

Ana Sanz-García, María Paz García-Vera, Jesús Sanz

{"title":"Is it time to replace the Big Five personality model? Factorial structure of the NEO PI-R in a community sample of Spanish adults.","authors":"Ana Sanz-García, María Paz García-Vera, Jesús Sanz","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have revived the issue of whether the five-factor personality model or Big Five is the most valid to summarize the most relevant personality traits or whether, on the contrary, the basic structure of personality traits would better fit a six-factor model such as the HEXACO model: Honesty-Humility (H), Emotionality (E), Extraversion (X), Agreeableness (A), Conscientiousness (C), and Openness to Experience (O). In a Spanish community sample of 682 adults, the factorial structure of the 30 facets of the NEO-Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and its 16 facets common to the HEXACO model was analyzed. In two subsamples of participants, the internal structure of the NEO PI-R, of 30 and 16 facets, fit the five-factor Big Five model better than the six-factor HEXACO model. In addition, the internal 30-facet structure of the NEO-PI-R replicated that obtained in the original US validation and those previously obtained in Spain, although the latter used different participant samples (people evaluated in personnel selection processes, university students). These results suggest that, at least in Spain, the five-factor personality model or Big Five is still the most valid taxonomy of personality traits.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"335-356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association of internet searches and actual suicide in Spain. 互联网搜索与西班牙实际自杀的关联。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2276803

Luis Alejandro Lopez-Agudo, Oscar David Marcenaro-Gutierrez

引用次数: 0

The relationship between change in routine and student mental wellbeing during a nationwide lockdown. 在全国封锁期间，作息时间变化与学生心理健康之间的关系。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2241949

Jamie T Kiltie, Liam P Satchell, Michael Jeanne Childs, Max Daniels, Charlie S Gould, Kerri Sparrowe, Charlotte A Hudson, Margaret Husted

{"title":"The relationship between change in routine and student mental wellbeing during a nationwide lockdown.","authors":"Jamie T Kiltie, Liam P Satchell, Michael Jeanne Childs, Max Daniels, Charlie S Gould, Kerri Sparrowe, Charlotte A Hudson, Margaret Husted","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2241949","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2241949","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: During March 2020, the UK entered a national lockdown, causing a sudden change in undergraduate students' routines. This study uses this event to investigate the impact routine change had on students' mental wellbeing; in particular looking at depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and eating behaviors.Method: Participants reported their daily routine timings (waking, breakfast, lunch, evening meal and bedtime) and activities (e.g. exercise amount, time with friends, time studying, etc) on a typical Monday, Wednesday and Saturday during term time and lockdown. Additionally they completed the PROMIS measures of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, and the Eating Pathology Symptom Inventory.Results: Lockdown saw small but significant shifts in routine timing (on average 1.5 h) However, there was no clear overall pattern of relationships between mental wellbeing and routine structure or magnitude of routine change. There was some evidence of changes in amount of exercise relating to reported anxiety.Discussion: These findings are consistent with the current literature reporting lockdown effects on behavior. Routine timings shifted, but this change was small and largely did not affect the mental wellbeing reported by undergraduate students. The change in amount of exercise posed by lockdown did appear to be an important factor in wellbeing, and more research should focus on the wellbeing implications of closing places for exercise.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"155-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9977213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

You're heartless, I'm less: self-image and social norms in moral judgment. 你无情，我有情：道德判断中的自我形象和社会规范。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2218637

Bastien Trémolière, Patrick Rateau

{"title":"You're heartless, I'm less: self-image and social norms in moral judgment.","authors":"Bastien Trémolière, Patrick Rateau","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2218637","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2218637","url":null,"abstract":"Are moral judgments to sacrificial dilemmas shaped by a latent social norm? The present research addresses this issue. We report a set of six studies (plus a supplementary one) which question the existence of a social norm in the longstanding deontism/utilitarian debate by relying on two original tools, namely substitution technique and self-presentation paradigm. Study 1 showed that American participants asked to answer like most Americans would do gave more utilitarian responses than control participants who answered in their own name (Study 1). Study 2 showed that participants instructed to answer in a disapproval fashion were more utilitarian than both participants instructed to answer in an approval fashion and control participants. Importantly, no difference was observed between the approval and control conditions, suggesting that participants naturally align their moral judgments with a latent norm they think is the most socially desirable. Studies 3-5 explored in addition the effect of the activation of a deontism-skewed norm using the substitution instruction on subsequent impression formation. For the latter task, participants were instructed to evaluate a random participant selected from a previous study who gave utilitarian-like responses (Studies 3a-3b), or to evaluate a fictitious politician who endorsed either a deontic or utilitarian orientation (Studies 4-5). Although we consistently replicated the effect of substitution instruction, we failed to show that attempts to activate a norm in a given individual shaped their evaluation of other people who do not align with this norm. Finally, we report a mini meta-analysis targeting the pooled effect and homogeneity among our studies.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"112-137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9584139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A contribute to the default-interventionist and parallel accounts in deductive reasoning. The effect of decisional styles on logic and belief. 对演绎推理中的默认干预说和平行说的贡献。决策风格对逻辑和信念的影响。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2241952

Rosa Angela Fabio, Dalila Verzì, Amelia Gangemi

{"title":"A contribute to the default-interventionist and parallel accounts in deductive reasoning. The effect of decisional styles on logic and belief.","authors":"Rosa Angela Fabio, Dalila Verzì, Amelia Gangemi","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2241952","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2241952","url":null,"abstract":"Classical theories of reasoning equate System 1 with biases and System 2 with correct responses. Refined theories of reasoning propose the parallel model to explain the two systems. The first purpose of the present article is to give a contribution to the debate on the parallel and default-interventionfist models: we hypothesized when logic and belief conflict both logical validity and belief judgments will be affected with greater level of response errors and/or longer response times. The second purpose of this article is to assess the relationship between decisional styles and performance in deductive reasoning. Seventy-two participants participated in the experiment and completed 64 modus ponens and modus tollens syllogistic reasoning tasks. Accordingly, we found that belief and logic judgments were affected by the conflict condition, both in easy syllogisms (i.e., modus ponens) and in complex syllogisms (i.e., modus tollens). Findings showed also that participants with a rational decision-making style were more strongly influenced by logic than belief, whereas those with an intuitive decision-making style were more strongly influenced by belief than logic.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"209-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing highly trained handball players' and non-athletes' performance in a multi-object tracking task. 比较训练有素的手球运动员和非运动员在多目标跟踪任务中的表现。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2241950

Michał Wierzbicki, Kamil Rupaszewski, Piotr Styrkowiec

引用次数: 0