Applied Physics A最新文献

{"title":"Fabrication of highly efficient zinc manganese perovskite oxide for energy storage application","authors":"Meznah M. Alanazi,&nbsp;Shaimaa A.M. Abdelmohsen,&nbsp;Taghreed Muhammad Abdu Bahlool,&nbsp;Tamoor Ahmad,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08473-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08473-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Researchers are exploring alternative energy resources due to decline of fossil fuels and the ensuing challenges they pose to both humanity and environment. Nonetheless, supercapacitors (SCs) represent promising energy storage approaches owed to their effective mechanisms, enhanced power delivery and outstanding cyclic lifespan. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) have been recognized to be exceptional electrode substances for high-performance supercapacitors owing to impressive conductivity and numerous active species. Still, the material’s lower energy density and insufficient rate performance pose limitations. In this work, the ZnO@ZnMnO₃ composite was prepared using a simple hydrothermal route. This unique ZnO@ZnMnO₃ composite exhibits specific capacitance (C_sp) of 1132 F g^− 1 at 1 A g^− 1, showcasing its exceptional rate performance. It also displays noteworthy energy density (E_d) of 52 W h kg^− 1 when operated at power density (P_d) of 289 W kg^− 1. In addition, synthesized material exhibits lower impedance (R_ct = 0.16) with extraordinary stability of 50 h. This effort shows valuable insights into the production of TMOs nanoparticles that exhibit outstanding performance in supercapacitor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zn Al-layered double hydroxide nanocarriers for 5-Fluorouracil delivery: enhanced therapeutic efficacy against cervical cancer (HeLa Cells)","authors":"Bency Mary B,&nbsp;Anchana Devi C,&nbsp;Alison Christina Fernandez,&nbsp;Meera K","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08538-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08538-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer is a global disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells and has remained a major concern throughout human history. The uncontrolled division can be due to genetic mutation triggered by life style factor, environmental exposure and gene modification. Conventional chemotherapy uses strong drugs, such as anti-metabolite or anti-tumor drugs, for treatment. However, these drugs are known to have a number of adverse effects and may potentially damage healthy cells. The present study examines the efficacy of Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxide in the delivery of anti-cancer drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) for cervical cancer treatment. The Zn-Al LDH was prepared by co-precipitation method and the drug 5-Fluorouracil was intercalated. The successful synthesis of Zn-Al LDH and 5-FU loaded LDH were studied using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM and UV–Visible spectroscopic analysis. From the XRD analysis, the crystallite size and interlayer spacing was found to be 8.533 nm and 3.081 Å respectively. The incorporation of the 5-FU was confirmed by presence of C = O, C = N, C = C, C-O, C-N, C-F functional groups in the FTIR spectra. In the UV absorbance spectrum, the cutoff wavelength shifted from 408 nm to lower wavelength of 348 nm due to the presence of 5-FU. The MTT assay is used to study the cell metabolic activity and is a useful tool for assessing the viability and proliferation of cells. The drug 5-FU and the 5-FU intercalated LDH in the HeLa cell line (Cervical cancer) were subjected to an invitro MTT study. It was observed that Zn-Al LDH/5-FU treatment significantly decreased the cell viability of cancerous HeLa cells compared to the pure drug 5-FU.</p>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effect of diaphragm cut pattern on overall sensitivity and pressure range of piezoresistive pressure sensor","authors":"Kasra Abedi,&nbsp;Reza Ansari,&nbsp;Mojtaba Haghgoo,&nbsp;Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08531-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08531-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study proposes a comprehensive finite element analysis (FEA) of an architected piezoresistive pressure sensor for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), focusing on the effects of different diaphragm cut patterns to enhance sensitivity, linearity, and pressure range. Two designs are introduced: Design-1 with straight cuts and Design-2 with arc-shaped cuts. The investigation evaluates stress distribution, deflection, and output voltage across a Wheatstone bridge circuit under varying applied pressures. In Design-1, straight cuts near the diaphragm edges regulate stress distribution, channeling it across the piezoresistors and achieving an 80% increase in sensitivity compared to the baseline design, with a maximum sensitivity of 0.464 mV/V/kPa and nonlinearity error of 1.03%FSS. Parametric studies identify optimal cut dimensions to maximize sensitivity while ensuring linearity and compliance with small deflection theory. Design-2 incorporates arc-shaped cuts that redistribute stress away from the piezoresistors, extending the pressure range to 7 MPa with nonlinearity error of 0.12% (full-scale span) FSS. The strategic placement and geometries of these cuts enable precise control over stress distribution, allowing for tailored performance enhancements in sensitivity or pressure range to meet specific application requirements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-wave mixing-based topological three-dimensional atom microscopy in an atomic medium","authors":"Najm Uddin,&nbsp;Meraj Ali Khan,&nbsp;Ashfaq Uddin","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08556-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08556-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the three-dimensional microscopy of atoms using a novel approach based on absorption spectroscopy within a four-level atomic system under multi-wave mixing conditions. The technique enables the observation of one- and two-atom microscopy, as well as the identification of cylindrical and wall-like atomic configurations. The distribution probability of atom localization is precisely controlled and modulated through adjustments in detuning, phase, strength, and direction of the applied driving fields. These parameters play a critical role in shaping the spatial distribution and behavior of localized atoms, offering a high degree of tunability and precision. The findings of this work hold significant potential for advancing applications in several cutting-edge fields. For instance, the ability to manipulate atomic positions with high accuracy can enhance laser cooling techniques, which are essential for achieving Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and trapping atoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile planetary ball mill synthesis, structural, photoluminescence, linear, and nonlinear optical features of Erbium-doped TiO2 nanoparticles","authors":"M. M. El-Desoky,&nbsp;M. E. Abd-Elrazek,&nbsp;Ahmed Mourtada Elseman,&nbsp;Ibrahim Morad","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08493-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08493-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pure TiO₂ and Er-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared via a high-energy planetary ball mill for photovoltaic applications. The doped sample was annealed at 350, 550 and 750 °C. The structural, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of Er-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles of Er³⁺ doping on TiO₂ nanoparticles were investigated using XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, photoluminescence, and UV–visible measurements. The crystal sizes of all samples, as determined by XRD, range from 24.55 nm for pure TiO₂ to 33.17–33.17 nm for Er-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles, that have been annealed at 350–750 °C. Thus, it was confirmed that there was high crystallinity and high phase stability up to 750 °C annealed temperature. The XRD results estimated using Scherrer's equation and the particle size observed in the TEM image are well agreed upon. The obtained spectra were used to investigate the linear and nonlinear optical properties via various optical parameters, including static refractive index, optical band gap energy, Urbach band tail energy, dispersion energy parameters using the Wemple and DiDomenico (WDD) single-oscillator model, nonlinear refractive index, and first and third optical susceptibilities. The calculated band gap is 3.68 eV, and doping results in a reduction to 3.62 eV. Photoluminescence produced a attractive result due to doping reduced its intensity, which indicates a decrease in the rate at which charge carriers recombine. These findings will contribute to the development of novel functional materials with potential applications in photonics and optoelectronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-08493-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and radiation shielding attitude of hexa-structured borosilicate glasses containing zinc oxide","authors":"E. Ahmed,&nbsp;Hala M. Aly,&nbsp;A. M. Abdelghany,&nbsp;Abla A. Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08482-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08482-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effects of incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (1–5 mol%) into sodium borosilicate glasses containing a fixed amount of calcium fluoride (CaF₂). The research aims to elucidate how ZnO modulates the structure and gamma radiation shielding ability of these glasses. Samples on the system (20-<i>x</i>)SiO₂–25B₂O₃–14.5CaO–10CaF₂–24.5Na₂O–6P₂O₅–<i>x</i>ZnO, were prepared by the conventional melt-quenching technique and characterized using XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The addition of ZnO was found to play a dual role as both a network former and modifier, creating Zn–O–Si linkages while also disrupting the silicate network. Notably, increasing ZnO content improved gamma radiation attenuation, as evidenced by increased attenuation coefficients and reduced half-value and tenth-value layer thicknesses. The study provides insights into optimizing borosilicate glass compositions for potential applications in bone tissue engineering and radiation shielding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-08482-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The remarkable impact of nitridation temperature on the magnetocaloric effect of CoFe2/MgO matrix","authors":"Mahmoud A. Hamad,&nbsp;Hatem R. Alamri","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08497-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08497-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a phenomenological model is used to predict the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of two CoFe₂/MgO nanocomposite samples exposed to nitridation reactions at nitridation temperatures of 400 and 500 °C (they are indicated as N400 and N500, respectively). The findings show that, within the investigated temperature range, the MCE of the N400 sample is conventional with full-width at half-maximum (<span>(delta {text{T}}_{{{text{FWHM}}}})</span>) of 94 K. The N500 sample does, however, actually contain both inverse and conventional MCE with <span>(delta {text{T}}_{{{text{FWHM}}}})</span> of 71 K and 24 K, respectively. Interestingly, the changing nitridation temperature during sample preparation allows for significant tailoring of the MCE of a CoFe2/MgO nanocomposite sample. The MCE of the N400 and N500 samples, in particular, spans a wide range of temperatures, including room temperature and cryogenic temperatures, making them notable magnetocaloric materials. Consequently, N400 and N500 samples can be used food-refrigeration and liquefying both nitrogen and helium gases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of low-temperature on the surface quality for Zr-based bulk metallic glass using by milling-grinding composite processing","authors":"Yuxuan Lu,&nbsp;Xingwei Sun,&nbsp;Yin Liu,&nbsp;Zhixu Dong,&nbsp;Heran Yang,&nbsp;Sheng Qu,&nbsp;Hongxun Zhao,&nbsp;Shibo Mu,&nbsp;Fei Pan,&nbsp;Zewei Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08545-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08545-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zr-based bulk metallic glass is a kind of hard brittle material which is extremely sensitive to temperature. The processing method has brought challenges to researchers. Milling-grinding composite machining combines the high efficiency of milling with the precision of grinding. By coating abrasive grain on the back surface of the milling cutter, the milling cutter has the ability of grinding. However, due to the grinding effect of abrasive particles, the cutting temperature is higher than that of milling. Using a frozen chuck effectively improved heat dissipation and reduced cutting temperature, and realized the low- temperature milling-grinding composite machining of Zr-based bulk metallic glass. The variations in machined surface morphology were compared when the spindle speed, feed rate and radial cutting depth were changed at room temperature and low temperature. The effects of different abrasive grain sizes and different tool edge numbers on the machined surface morphology and roughness were analyzed under room temperature processing conditions. The results show that the low-temperature environment can effectively improve the machined surface morphology, inhibit the occurrence of ridge mounted morphology and crazing on the machined surface, and low-temperature machining yields smoother surfaces with reduced roughness; Use the milling-grinding cutter with smaller abrasive grain size for processing, and effectively eliminate the scaly burrs generated on the processed surface; Dimples appear on the machined surface of four edge milling-grinding cutter, and the machined surface morphology is obviously different; The main failure modes of milling-grinding composite tools are coating bond peeling, tool tip chipping and coating wear; The two edge milling-grinding cutter is more suitable for low temperature milling-grinding of Zr-based BMG than the four edge cutter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum bit behavior of pinned fluxes on volume defects in superconductor","authors":"H. B. Lee,&nbsp;G. C. Kim,&nbsp;Byeong-Joo Kim,&nbsp;Young Jin Sohn,&nbsp;Y. C. Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08506-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08506-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We studied a qubit based on flux-pinning effects in <span>(Delta H=Delta B)</span> region of a superconductor. In the state that volume defects are many enough in a superconductor, <span>(Delta)</span>H=<span>(Delta)</span>B region on M–H curve would be evolved, which is the region that increased applied magnetic field (<span>(Delta)</span>H) is the same as increasing magnetic induction (<span>(Delta)</span>B). Magnetization (M) is constant in the region by 4<span>(pi)</span>M = B - H. Here we show the behavior of fluxes in <span>(Delta)</span>H = <span>(Delta)</span>B region can be a candidate of qubit. Pinned fluxes on volume defects would move as a bundle in the region by repeating flux-pinning and pick-out depinning process from the surface to the center of the superconductor. During the process, magnetic fluxes would exist as one of states that are flux-pinning state at volume defects and depinning state from the defect. A difference of diamagnetic property occurs between pinning state at volume defects and depinning state from the volume defects. Thus, diamagnetic properties of the superconductor would oscillate in <span>(Delta)</span>H=<span>(Delta)</span>B region and the behavior would be observed in M-H curve. The oscillation can be used for a qubit by setting the pinning state at volume defects as <span>(mathinner {|{1}rangle })</span> and the depinning state as <span>(mathinner {|{0}rangle })</span>. It is determined that the operating temperature as a qubit is up to 25 K if <span>(hbox {MgB}_2)</span> is used as a base superconductor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, fluorescence and magnetic properties of Cr3+ cation substituted of Co0.7Mn0.3CrxFe2-xO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanoparticles","authors":"R. K. Abd. El. Hamid,&nbsp;O. El-Sayed,&nbsp;M. H. Ghozza","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08414-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08414-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of Cr-substituted Co_0.7Mn_0.3Cr_xFe_2-xO₄ nanoparticles for (0.0 ≤ × ≤ 1; increment of 0.2), have been fabricated utilizing sol–gel self-ignition route, samples were calcinated for six h at 800 ˚C. XRD performed the structural characteristics, and the results support the shaping of cubic spinel structure with space group Fd-3m for the samples with a significant ratio of hematite decreases gradually with increasing Cr concentration. Moreover, substituting Cr³⁺ ions caused a significant reduction in crystallite size (44.75–28.65 nm) by increasing Cr³⁺ ions concentrations. According to the FTIR spectrum, the metal–oxygen bond bands have shifted towards higher wavelengths, these absorption bands indicated the spinel structure formation having two sub-lattices: tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites. The lowest frequency band υ₂ was assigned to octahedral M–O and the highest frequency band υ₁ was set to stretch vibrations of tetrahedral M–O. HR-TEM image results revealed that all samples show well-crystallized nanoparticles with soft accumulation, which may be due to their higher calcination and the magnetic particles' interactions. The particle size decreases from 62.59 to 44.17 nm confirming the decrease occurred in XRD. A study of magnetic properties explained that saturation magnetization decreases from 67.90 to 10.50 emu/g. These materials have low coercivity and small squareness values make them suitable options for medication delivery and contrast agents in magnetic fluids and magnetic resonance imaging. Strong and sharp red emission at 600 nm and weak UV emissions at 324 nm are obtained from the fluorescence spectra. The Cr substitution enhances the red emission, which has a maximum intensity obtained for X = 0.4, indicating fewer defects in the matrix due to the Cr replacement. The obtained effect of Cr content on structural, spectral and magnetic properties of Co_0.7Mn_0.3Cr_xFe_2-xO₄ can be candidate it for the future miniaturizing of ferroelectric and integrated electrooptic device applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-08414-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}