Mara Silvia Pasian, Marina Rezende Bazon, Priscila Benitez, Carl Lacharité
{"title":"Consequences of parental neglect of academic performance Brazilian child","authors":"Mara Silvia Pasian, Marina Rezende Bazon, Priscila Benitez, Carl Lacharité","doi":"10.1002/car.2905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2905","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The negative effects of child neglect on the development of children are serious and have far-reaching negative consequences for children, especially in Brazil, with great social inequality. The research investigated the consequences of neglect for children in their early years of schooling. The academic performance was evaluated in three groups: children with formal notification of neglect, children with suspected unreported neglect and children who did not suffer any form of abuse. Information was collected from different sources: parents/caregivers, teachers and the children themselves. The groups comprised children in their early school years, aged between six and eight. The results showed that neglected children had borderline or clinical levels of school skills and below-average school performance. The reference group had, for the most part, normal scores and average or above-average school performance. Considering that school is a protective factor, children with learning difficulties and neglected children need support that favours child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Govenden, Julie Taylor, John Devaney, Alex McTier
{"title":"A short report of a Scottish audit of disability and child protection medical examinations","authors":"Stephanie Govenden, Julie Taylor, John Devaney, Alex McTier","doi":"10.1002/car.2906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2906","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A Scottish national child protection audit has shown that practitioners can have differing understanding of the term ‘disability’ and are variable in their own recording of disabilities. It was apparent from the audit that disability was more likely to be recorded for older children than those under five. The audit found that an abuse allegation is less likely to be substantiated for disabled children by a Child Protection Medical Examination. For disabled children in our sample, there was a ‘substantiation of abuse rate’ of 33%, which was less than the 56% rate for non-disabled children. The differences in rates encourage us to consider what is an appropriate response when disabled children may have experienced harm and abuse. The audit highlights the vulnerability of disabled children to abuse and indicates the need to equip practitioners with the skills, competencies and confidence to engage with and support this vulnerable group.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Love and Assault: Parents’ Views on Corporal Punishment in School","authors":"Deevia Bhana","doi":"10.1002/car.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Corporal punishment remains prevalent in schools globally, and even after its prohibition in South Africa, the focus of this study, it continues. In some historically disadvantaged school environments, it persists with the approval of parents. Mothers and grandmothers, who are pivotal in supporting children's education and well-being, are central to this dynamic as parents. However, in impoverished rural settings, parents are often unfairly blamed for endorsing corporal punishment without considering the sociocultural context they inhabit. Drawing from a qualitative study conducted in an impoverished rural community where women bear the burden of caring for children, this paper challenges the prevailing one-sided narrative of parental support for corporal punishment. Instead, it argues for a nuanced understanding of corporal punishment that is contextual. Parents' endorsement of corporal punishment is contingent; it is accepted when framed as ‘disciplinary action infused with love’ but rejected when labelled as ‘assault’. An understanding of corporal punishment as an assemblage is critical if accounts of disciplinary practices within local school settings are to move beyond simplified accounts of parents' universal support for corporal punishment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/car.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Mª. Ortiz-Jiménez, Anna Butjosa, Juana Gómez-Benito, Susana Ochoa
{"title":"Emotional awareness, child maltreatment and child exposed to intimate partner violence: A systematic review of their relationship with symptoms and protective factors","authors":"Eva Mª. Ortiz-Jiménez, Anna Butjosa, Juana Gómez-Benito, Susana Ochoa","doi":"10.1002/car.2907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2907","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This systematic review studies the emotional awareness (EA) in children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) and other child maltreatment (CM), and their relationship with externalizing and internalizing symptoms and protective factors. The search was performed using the PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases. The search was based on scientific studies using the follow terms: (“emotional awareness” OR “emotional intelligence”) AND (child OR adolescent OR children OR teenager) AND (abuse OR neglect OR maltreatment OR “presence of domestic violence” OR “domestic violence” OR “intimate partner violence”). Seventeen empirical studies were included, presenting a low risk of bias (82%). Four studies have explored the relationship between EA and exposition to IPV, four with sexual abuse, five with neglect, five with psychological abuse and three with physical abuse. A total of 13 articles have assessed the relationship between EA and externalizing and internalizing symptoms: three with suicidal ideation (SI), three with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD), two focused on addictions, three on affective symptoms, one with total externalizing symptoms, one with borderline personality disorder (BDP), one with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and one with disordered eating behaviours and attitudes (DEBA). Studies show that abused children have lower EA and that the lower EA, the greater the presence of symptoms. A total of 10 articles have assessed the relationship between EA and protective factors such as mental health in parents, six with coping skills, one with self-stem and one with quality of life. The main results suggest that EA could be a mediator between children exposed to IPV and other CM and internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as protective factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heuiwon Han, Jane Koziol-McLain, Zac Morse, Amanda B. Lees, Samuel D. Carrington
{"title":"Enhancing child protection responses in oral health practice: A scoping review of evidence-based approaches","authors":"Heuiwon Han, Jane Koziol-McLain, Zac Morse, Amanda B. Lees, Samuel D. Carrington","doi":"10.1002/car.2904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2904","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Child abuse and neglect represent significant global health challenges with long-lasting adverse impacts. Oral health practitioners, who often interact with children, play a key role in detecting and responding to suspected cases. Despite this, there is a notable gap in the systematic child protection measures in dental practices globally. This scoping review, utilising the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, aims to outline current approaches for oral health practitioners and identify gaps in the approaches designed to enhance their responsiveness. Covering studies from January 2000 to May 2023, the review explored educational programmes, guidelines and interdisciplinary training modules. A comprehensive search across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, CINAHL and Scopus, along with grey literature sources, identified 1230 sources, resulting in the inclusion of 20 relevant sources. Findings highlight three main approaches: dental-specific education programmes, practical guidelines for child protection responses and analysis of legal and professional obligations. These approaches demonstrate a mix of direct educational interventions and policy-driven strategies aimed at enhancing oral health practitioners' knowledge, attitudes and practices towards child abuse and neglect. Given the identified variability and gaps in training and resources, future research should assess the effectiveness of these approaches and develop comprehensive, culturally safe training for oral health practitioners globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/car.2904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sons and daughters of foster carers: Exposure to risk and harm","authors":"Allison Tatton","doi":"10.1002/car.2902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Children who are looked after by the state are some of the most vulnerable in society and have usually experienced neglect, abuse and other trauma. As a result of their experiences, many exhibit challenging and/or aggressive behaviour. Currently, in England, around 68% of the children entering the care system are placed with foster carers, many of whom also have their own children living in the home. This study used narrative interviews to gain the views of the biological children of foster carers about their experience of being brought up in a fostering family. Twelve participants aged 18 and 54 were recruited using convenience and snowballing sampling strategies. Findings revealed that the foster carers own children and fostered children often developed close relationships and that fostered children frequently shared detailed accounts of the abuse they had experienced before entering care. Knowledge of the abuse often left the carers' own children both troubled and in a dilemma about what to do with the information. They also revealed that some of the foster carers' own children had been abused by their foster siblings and had chosen not to disclose this information to their parents or others. Several of the participants expressed ongoing feelings of distress when discussing their experiences and those of their foster siblings, which raises questions about how best to support this important group of children and young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Naddour, Tania Bosqui, Sara Issa, Nour El Assi, Marianne Majdalani, Rasha Sawaya, Leyla Akoury Dirani
{"title":"How a collapsing state impacts child safeguarding: Reflecting on the challenges of implementing a hospital-based child safeguarding program in Lebanon","authors":"Judith Naddour, Tania Bosqui, Sara Issa, Nour El Assi, Marianne Majdalani, Rasha Sawaya, Leyla Akoury Dirani","doi":"10.1002/car.2901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Lebanon, a country facing multilayered crises and an increase in reported cases of child maltreatment, the availability of a unified and comprehensive child safeguarding protocol in healthcare facilities remains limited. Healthcare providers are frontline in recognizing and detecting child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases in hospital settings. Therefore, the adoption of a child protection system in healthcare settings is much needed. We attempted to establish a program for child safeguarding identification, intervention and monitoring mechanisms in Lebanese teaching hospitals. Despite high levels of need, the establishment of this program faced major challenges in the context of multiple national emergencies. The latter included fragmentation of the child protection system and the collapse of the health sector. This paper aims to share these challenges and extract lessons learned for future implementation of a unified child safeguarding protocol in Lebanese hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Child protection and developmental trajectories of children who entered care as infants","authors":"Fernando Lima, Stephanie Taplin, Miriam Maclean, Olivia Octoman, Mariko Grose, Melissa O'Donnell","doi":"10.1002/car.2900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2900","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Infants have the highest rate of admission into out-of-home care in Australia, with rising rates of entry to care occurring around the world. Our previous research identified children who entered care as infants as having high levels of developmental vulnerability. The objective of this study was to determine the child protection and developmental trajectories of children who entered care as infants and whether meeting developmental needs through service provision improves trajectories and outcomes for these children. This is a prospective cohort study using three waves (2011–2016) of survey data from the New South Wales Pathways of Care Longitudinal Study which includes standardised assessments (Age and Stages Questionnaire, Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment and the Child Behaviour Checklist), as well as linked administrative child protection and health data. Our findings suggest that children who entered care as infants predominantly remained in the care system and had a high level of developmental vulnerability as infants. A large group had positive physical and cognitive developmental trajectories with service provision increasing over time; however, early service provision is needed. Another group was identified as having early social–emotional concerns and displaying worsening social–emotional trajectories. Intervention for this group is an important priority to reduce risk of ongoing poor mental health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/car.2900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India Bryce, Simone Collier, Lottie Harris, Daryl Higgins, Joseph Toohey
{"title":"Measuring accumulation: Constructing a tool for evaluating cumulative harm in children engaged with an intensive family support service","authors":"India Bryce, Simone Collier, Lottie Harris, Daryl Higgins, Joseph Toohey","doi":"10.1002/car.2897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2897","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a significant body of research that attests to the deleterious impact of an accumulation of adverse childhood experience across the lifespan, which provides a strong rationale for the development of a means for evaluating this accumulation in a high-risk population. We developed a theory-driven measure, the Cumulative Experiences Index, and conducted a pilot study to test its utility. The Cumulative Experiences Index derives a cumulative harm score that can be used to inform intervention and prevention strategies, programmes and initiatives across all tiers of public health prevention intervention. The Cumulative Experiences Index was piloted with 50 participants aged 8–17 years old who were actively engaged with an Intensive Family Support service. The study explores whether cases rated as low, medium or high severity on the Cumulative Experiences Index corresponded with severity ratings on the three measures of concurrent validity: the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Kessler-10 and Children's Revised Impact of Events Scale. The Index provides a valid and accurate means of reflecting the interconnectedness and complexity of exposure to different forms of harm that accumulates over time. Practitioners and researchers will benefit from using the Cumulative Experiences Index—a new valid and reliable measure of cumulative harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":47371,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse Review","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/car.2897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}