Einstein-Sao Paulo最新文献

{"title":"Comment to: ChatGPT: immutable insertion in health research and researchers' lives.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE1115","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE1115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-animal interaction and One Health: establishment and validation of the Brazilian version of the Animal Empathy Scale.","authors":"Roberta Maria Savieto, Lucas Pires Garcia Oliveira, Gustavo Benvenutti Borba, Elivane da Silva Victor, Sabrina Bortolossi Bomfim, Letícia Bernardes de Oliveira, Giulia Catissi, Karina Pavão Patrício, Edgard Joseph Kiriyama, Eliseth Ribeiro Leão","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0685","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To design and validate a Brazilian version of the Animal Empathy Scale, based on the existing Portuguese version.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Content validity assessment was performed by expert judges, and the adapted scale was administered to a sample of 386 participants. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bifactorial profile of the scale remained consistent, comprising Empathic Concern for Animals (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients: 0.75) and Emotional Attachment with Animals (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients: 0.79). Considering the One Health framework, collaborative, multidisciplinary, and intersectoral approaches are essential for achieving optimal health conditions for people, animals, and the environment given their intricate interconnections. Empathy plays a crucial role in promoting proximity between humans and animals, fostering positive connections that encourage biodiversity conservation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 13 statements were retained, confirming the validity of the animal empathy scale for use in Brazil, and a Brazilian version of the Animal Empathy Scale was established.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood concentrations of α-Klotho and FGF-23 exhibit no correlation with bone mineral density in elderly individuals.","authors":"Karina Moura Sawada, Niele Silva de Moraes, Lara Miguel Quirino Araújo, Fernanda Martins Gazoni, Marise Lazaretti-Castro, Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo, John P Bilezikian, Maria Stella Figueiredo, Fania Cristina Dos Santos","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0412","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigating the relationship between α-Klotho and FGF-23 with bone biochemical markers and bone density findings in extremely aged individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 55 individuals with a mean age of 85.6 years were subjected to clinical, biochemical, and bone mineral density analyses and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based detection of α-Klotho and FGF-23. The mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile ranges of the sample values were determined, and Spearman's test for association assessments was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study participants expressed median FGF-23 and α-Klotho levels of 69.81 RU/mL (51.43 RU/mL) and 733.43 pg/mL (360.83 pg/mL), respectively. The majority of the participants possessed osteopenia (54.5%) and a vitamin D deficiency (57%). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations ranged between 7.1 and 47.5ng/mL, with a median of 18.1ng/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No substantial associations were discovered between α-Klotho and FGF-23 levels and bone density in the study participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of reviewers scarcity in academic journals: payment as a viable solution.","authors":"José Belém de Oliveira Neto","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024ED1194","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024ED1194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of genetic variants involved in lipid metabolism and intrahepatic fat.","authors":"Mariana Cavalheiro Magri, Thamiris Vaz Gago Prata, Bianca Peixoto Dantas, Caroline Manchiero, Gerusa Maria Figueiredo, Fátima Mitiko Tengan","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE1122","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE1122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point prevalence and risk factors for pressure ulcers in hospitalized adult patients: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bruna Andrade de Oliveira, Flávia Cristina Zanchetta, Beatriz Barbieri, Carolina Akmiy Schiezaro Falcioni, Eliana Pereira de Araújo, Maria Helena Melo Lima","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0811","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the point prevalence of and risk factors associated with the development of pressure ulcers at a university hospital in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 196 participants using a structured questionnaire, physical examination of the skin, and the Braden scale. The Mann-Whitney U, χ2, or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the participants and the associations of variables with pressure ulcers. A modified multivariate Poisson regression model was built considering the presence of pressure injuries and the independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The point prevalence of pressure ulcers was 10.71% and was significantly associated with less than 12 years of schooling (p=0.0213), use of antihypertensive drugs during hospital stay (p=0.0259), diagnosis of systemic hypertension (p=0.0035), and diabetes mellitus. Lower scores on the Braden scale (p=0.0001) were positively associated with the presence of pressure ulcers. Furthermore, cardiovascular disease (p=0.0267) and diaper use (p=0.0001) were associated with the presence of pressure ulcers. Moreover, they were also associated with prolonged hospital stay, advanced age, less than 12 years of schooling, use of antihypertensive drugs, hypertension, diabetes, and lower Braden scale scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Health professionals should be aware of the risk factors associated with pressure ulcers, evaluate patient skin daily, and offer prevention. Our findings support the need to allocate resources for the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swimming training prevents obesity installation and normalizes hypothalamic expressions of GLP1 and leptin receptors in adult offspring born in small litters.","authors":"Stefani Valeria Fischer, Bruna Schumaker Siqueira, Claudia Regina Capriglioni Cancian, Elisangela Gueiber Montes, Viviane Nogaroto Vicari, Paulo Vinicius Svidnicki, Sabrina Grassiolli","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0619","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and leptin (Lep) are afferent signals that regulate energy metabolism. Lactational hypernutrition results in hyperphagia and adiposity in adult life, and these events can be prevented by exercise. We evaluated the effects of swimming training on hypothalamic (GLP1-R) and Lep receptor (Lep-R) gene expressions in lactational hypernutrition-induced obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On the 3rd postnatal day, the litter sizes of lactating dams were adjusted to small litters (SL; 3 pups/dams) or normal litters (NL; 9 pups/dams). After weaning (21 days), NL and SL male rats were randomly distributed to sedentary (Sed) and exercised (Exe) groups. Exercised mice swam (30 min/3 times/week) for 68 days. Food intake and body weight gain were registered. At 92 days, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed and rats were euthanized at 93 days; adipose tissue depots were weighed, and blood counts and plasma biochemical analyses performed. Hypothalamus were isolated to evaluate Lep-R and GLP1-R gene expressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Small litters sedentary rats presented increased body weight gain, adiposity, insulin sensibility and higher fasting values of glucose and triglycerides, besides higher hypothalamic gene expressions of Lep-R and GLP1-R, compared to NLSed animals. SLExe rats did not develop obesity or metabolic abnormalities and Lep-R and GLP1-R hypothalamic gene expressions were normalized.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lactational hypernutrition induces obesity and metabolic dysfunction in adult life, in association with higher hypothalamic expressions of the Lep-R and GLP1-R genes. Exercise prevented obesity and improved metabolic state in SL overnourished rats, and normalized their hypothalamic Lep-R and GLP1-R gene expressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Burnout syndrome among intensive care unit members during the second wave of COVID-19: a single-center study.","authors":"Verena Laila Moniz Barreto Lima, Fernando José da Silva Ramos, Paulo Henrique Suher, Maria Aparecida Souza, Fernando Godinho Zampieri, Flavia Ribeiro Machado, Flavio Geraldo Resende de Freitas","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0271","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of burnout among the intensive care unit team of a university hospital after the second wave of COVID-19 and identify the key factors associated with its development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center study included 395 employees from a multidisciplinary team. The participants completed a questionnaire based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Multivariate analysis was used to identify the factors associated with burnout.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 395 participants, 220 responded to the questionnaire (response rate: 56%). The prevalence of Burnout syndrome, defined as a severe score in at least one dimension, was 64.5% (142/220). Emotional distress was the most prevalent dimension, with a severe score affecting 50.5% (111/220) of the participants, followed by depersonalization at 39.1% (86/220). Only 5.9% (13/220) had severe scores in all three dimensions. Multivariate analysis revealed that being a physician was significantly associated with severe burnout symptoms in at least one dimension (odds ratio (OR), 1.32; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.57-9.05; p=0.003). Additionally, having two or more jobs was associated with burnout in the three dimensions (OR=1.65; 95%CI=1.39-19.59; p=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the alarming prevalence of burnout among intensive care unit teams, particularly among physicians, following the second wave of COVID-19. This emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and support systems to mitigate burnout and reduce its negative impact on healthcare professionals' well-being and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of laparoscopy teaching in gynecology and obstetrics medical residency in Brazil.","authors":"Carla Ferreira Kikuchi Fernandes, José Maria Cordeiro Ruano, Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori, Renato Monteiro Zucchi, Marcelo Fiore Moutinho Capo","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0458","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize laparoscopy teaching in Medical Residency Programs in Gynecology and Obstetrics in Brazil, and to evaluate preceptors' characteristics in laparoscopy programs and map laparoscopic training practice scenarios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated questionnaire responses from coordinators of the Medical Residency Programs in Gynecology and Obstetrics from 2019 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire was sent to 175 programs, and 90 responses were received (51.4%). From the 85 valid responses, it was noted that 67 programs had laparoscopic training. Of the 64 responses received regarding location, 32 replies (50%) indicated the Southeast of Brazil, particularly some country's capitals. In 37.3% (n=25) of the cases, the program coordinator performed laparoscopy. The chief of the laparoscopy sector has advanced experience in most 52.5% (n=10) medical residency services; the preceptors also had advanced experience in 89.4% (n=59) of the services. Residents received laboratory training in 39.4% (n=26) of the services. In most cases, training was performed using a physical simulator. Of the 26 medical residency services with laparoscopy training outside the operating room, 80.8% (n=21) performed them as part of the curriculum, 61.5% (n=16) had a schedule for the same, and only 3.9% (n=1) were objectively evaluated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laparoscopy teaching in Brazil is heterogeneous, with only a few programs offering any training in laparoscopy. The preceptors had advanced experience and participated in laboratory and operating room training. Only a few programs have their own laboratories or training centers, and most teaching programs do not plan to set up training centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of IL-β, IL-1RN, and TNF-α variants on the risk of acetylsalicylic acid-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a case-control study.","authors":"Marcela Forgerini, Cleslei Fernando Zanelli, Sandro Roberto Valentini, Patrícia de Carvalho Mastroianni","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0746","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Forgerini et al. investigated the role of seven genetic variants in the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding as an adverse drug reaction. In 289 participants (50 cases and 189 controls), the presence of seven variants in the IL-1β, IL-1RN, and TNF-α genes was not associated with susceptibility to acetylsalicylic acid-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The use of acetylsalicylic acid, even in low doses, may be associated with the onset of upper gastrointestinal bleeding as an idiosyncratic response. Considering the role of the genetic background in inter-individual responses to pharmacotherapy, we aimed to investigate the role of seven variants in the TNF-α, IL-β, and IL-1RN genes in association with the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in users of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid for the prevention of cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted in a Brazilian hospital complex. The Case Group comprised patients diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal bleeding who were administered a low dose of acetylsalicylic acid (n=50). Two Control Groups were recruited: 1) low-dose acetylsalicylic acid users without gastrointestinal complaints and under the supervision of a cardiologist (n=50) and 2) healthy controls (n=189). Sociodemographic, clinical, pharmacotherapeutic, and lifestyle data were recorded through face-to-face interviews. Genomic DNA from all participants was genotyped for rs16944 and rs1143634 (IL-β gene), rs4251961 (IL-1RN gene), and rs1799964, rs1799724, rs361525, and rs1800629 (TNF-α gene).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was noted in the genotypic frequencies of TNF-α, IL-β, and IL-1RN variants between the Case and Control Groups of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid users (p>0.05). The frequency of rs1800629 genotypes (TNF-α gene) differed significantly between the Case Group and healthy controls (p=0.003). None of the evaluated variants were associated with a risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study aimed to explore pharmacogenomics biomarkers in low-dose acetylsalicylic acid users. Our data suggest that the presence of IL-1β, IL-1RN, and TNF-α variants was not associated with an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}