Einstein-Sao Paulo最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of the Mozart sonata effect on contextual memory extinction.","authors":"Rodolfo Souza de Faria, Amanda Di Gesu, Lelis do Vale Miranda, Luciano Magalhães Vitorino, Clarissa Maria Ferreira Trzesniak, Cesar Renato Sartori","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the influence of Mozart's Sonata K.448 on contextual memory extinction in male mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male mice were divided into three groups (G1-Mozart, G2-Ambience, G3-Control). Throughout the project, only the first group was exposed to the sonata at the intrauterine stage. Only Groups 1 and 2 underwent aversive training; subsequently, all groups participated in extinction and recall tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the first day of extinction, G1's freezing time was longer than G2's and G3's, whilst on the second day it was only longer than G3's. Finally, on the fifth day, G1's freezing time was shorter than that of G2. During the second and third days of extinction, G1's freezing time decreased more than G3's, whereas during the fourth and fifth day, G1 upheld its freezing time, whereas G2's extended. During recall, G1 had a longer freezing time than G3. All results were statistically significant (p≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, we concluded that male mice exposed to Mozart's Sonata K.448 showed increased freezing time, suggesting an impact of the music on memory formation. However, they exhibited a linear extinction memory process. This progressive decrease in freezing behavior was not observed in the ambient and Control Groups.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study analyzed the influence of Mozart's Sonata K.448 on contextual memory extinction in male mice. The mice were divided into three groups, with only G1 mice exposed to the sonata. G1 initially showed longer freezing times but exhibited a linear extinction process, unlike G2 and G3. These results suggest that the sonata affected memory formation while aiding progressive extinction.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ In this study, mice were exposed to music at the intrauterine stage.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ Music exposure before aversive memory formation enhances neuroplasticity, aiding in extinction.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ The recall test showed that music exposure had sustained beneficial long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eAO1299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inspiratory muscle training for chronic critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Gustavo Rodrigues das Chagas, Aléxia Gabriela da Silva Vieira, Jamile Caroline Garbuglio de Araújo, Raquel Afonso Caserta Eid, Caroline Gomes Mól, Ricardo Kenji Nawa","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RW1134","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RW1134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review and analyze studies investigating the efficacy and safety of inspiratory muscle training in adult chronic critically ill patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, LILACS, Clinical Trials Registry, and World Health Organization databases were queried on November 24, 2022 and January 22, 2025. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. RevMan V5.4 was used to analyze mean differences or standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for continuous variables and risk ratios with 95%CIs for dichotomous outcomes. The primary outcomes were inspiratory muscle strength, duration of mechanical ventilation, and severe adverse events; the secondary outcomes were hospital and intensive care unit mortality, intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay, pulmonary function, non-serious adverse events, respiratory muscle mass, and functional status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies (n=390 participants) were included in the analysis. There was a significant increase in inspiratory muscle strength with inspiratory muscle training versus usual care (mean difference, -8.37; 95%CI= -15.21 to -1.52), although the certainty of evidence was very low; when compared with sham interventions, there was no significant difference (mean difference, -4.26; 95%CI= -14.05 to 5.53), also with very low certainty of evidence. The results for pulmonary function, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality were imprecise, with very low certainty of evidence. The available evidence also indicates the potential safety benefit of inspiratory muscle training, although the certainty of evidence remains very low. Conclusion: We identified that inspiratory muscle training may improve inspiratory muscle strength, with little to no difference on duration of mechanical ventilation, pulmonary function and severe and non-serious adverse events, when compared to sham inspiratory muscle training and usual care. However, the certainty of the evidence is very low. Evidence regarding the impact of inspiratory muscle training on intensive care unit mortality and length of stay is uncertain. Prospero database registration ID CRD42022370750.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eRW1134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of propensity score matching to reduce bias in economic evaluations in the context of Brazilian liver transplantation.","authors":"Leandro Seiti Anazawa, Giulia Osório Santana, Roseli Fernandes Rodrigues Amaral da Cunha, Lucas Reis Correia","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the incremental cost and survival of patients on the liver transplantation waiting list who were referred for transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a cohort of 883 patients who underwent liver transplantation within the Support Program for the Institutional Development of the Unified Health System in Brazil between 2010 and 2022. Median survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and parametric extrapolation of the survival curve. A bottom-up micro-costing approach was used to direct medical hospital costs. We conducted an economic evaluation comparing patients who received transplant with those who were listed to assess the potential of propensity score matching in reducing bias in this context.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The economic evaluation revealed a median survival of 15.54 and 1.07 years and a mean cost of US$ purchasing power parity of 162,821.96 and 39,044.79 for patients who received transplant and listed patients, respectively. A reduction in survival and an increase in mean costs for the listed patients were observed following propensity score matching.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A direct comparison of survival and costs between the two patient groups may lead to biased estimates of the incremental survival or costs associated with referring a patient for a liver transplantation procedure. Propensity score matching reduces the bias from differences in health status between these two patient groups, enabling more accurate estimates of the incremental survival and cost associated with referring a patient for transplantation.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Anazawa et al. show that matching methodologies are beneficial in health economic evaluations to reduce the bias originating from sample selection. The cost-effectiveness of the liver transplantation procedure improved after sample balancing.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ Matching methodologies may reduce bias in economic evaluations.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ Liver transplantation within the Proadi-SUS context has an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio below the Health Technology Incorporation in the Brazilian Health System threshold.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ The patients who received transplant had a median survival of 10.1 years after list enrollment.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>■ The mean cost per transplanted patient was US$ PPP 162,821.96.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eAO1329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabioethics and ChatGPT-based posthumous memories at the service of palliative medicine.","authors":"Antonio Fábio Medrado de Araújo","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025CE1590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2025CE1590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eCE1590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac tamponade in a newborn caused by a peripherally inserted central catheter: case report.","authors":"Carolina Tenfen, Gabriela Dominicci de Melo Casacio, Maria Fernanda Munhak da Silva, Graziely Masotti Scalabrin Barreto, Adriana Zilly, Rosane Meire Munhak da Silva","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RC0634","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RC0634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This article describes the occurrence of cardiac tamponade in a premature newborn after the use of a peripherally inserted central catheter at a university hospital in Brazil. Pericardiocentesis was performed, the catheter was repositioned using radiography, and minimal residual pericardial effusion was confirmed using echocardiography. The patient showed good progress and was discharged from the hospital on day 47 of life without any complications related to the event. Therefore, although adverse events may occur following the insertion of peripherally inserted central catheters, imaging examinations and exclusion diagnoses have a positive impact on clinical outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team for monitoring and managing adverse events and optimizing the care of critically ill newborns.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eRC0634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of robotic thoracic surgery education: experience, challenges, and opportunities.","authors":"Ricardo Mingarini Terra","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025EDS1","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025EDS1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23Suppl 1 Suppl 1","pages":"eEDS1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concerns about the dengue epidemic.","authors":"Mariana Hayashi Garcia, Paulo Bandiera-Paiva, Luciano Rodrigo Lopes","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025CE1632","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025CE1632","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eCE1632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Alert Score: evaluation of measurement properties.","authors":"Vitória Yukari Chaves Aoki, Giselli Cristina Villela Bueno, Flávia Carvalho Pena Dias, Renata Cristina Gasparino, Daniela Fernanda Dos Santos Alves","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1214","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the Pediatric Alert Score in hospitalized children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This methodological study included 84 children aged 0-14 years. Data were collected using three instruments: a sociodemographic and clinical characterization form, the Brazilian version Brighton Pediatric Early Warning Score, and the Pediatric Alert Score. The reliability of the Pediatric Alert Score was assessed using interobserver equivalence expressed by the intraclass correlation coefficient, and the construct validity was evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis of the Pediatric Alert Score and the Brighton Pediatric Early Warning Score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reliability analysis of the Pediatric Alert Score revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.95 (95% confidence interval from 0.93-0.97), and the Spearman's correlation coefficient was 0.53 (p<0.0001), indicating a strong positive correlation between the instruments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Pediatric Alert Score demonstrated construct validity and internal consistency in the studied sample and can be used to enhance patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eAO1214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidentally detected breast lesions: a pictorial essay of malignant and benign findings.","authors":"Bruna Mayumi Takaki Tachibana, Rodrigo Marques Carneiro, Iviny Yonekura, Renato Leme de Moura Ribeiro, Ana Cláudia Silveira Racy, Érica Elisângela Francolin Federicci","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RW0681","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RW0681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incidentalomas are lesions incidentally identified in patients undergoing imaging for unrelated reasons. Breast incidentalomas have a high correlation with malignancy, occurring in over 40% of cases. Consequently, their interpretation poses significant challenges for radiologists who must discern the findings that may present a potential risk to the patient. This pictorial review presents different incidental breast lesions revealed through cross-sectional imaging. We further review key concepts related to such incidentalomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eRW0681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uretero-fallopian fistula after gynecological surgery for endometriosis: a case report.","authors":"Flavia Mansur Starling, Marcela Caetano Vilela Lauar, Gabriela Caetano Vilela Lauar, Maria Helena Pedroso, Cinthia Callegari Barbisan","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RC1294","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2025RC1294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing use of videolaparoscopy for the complete excision of endometriotic lesions and restoration of pelvic anatomy has helped improve long-term outcomes. However, risks remain, including rare but significant complications such as salpingoureteral fistulas. Early diagnosis using imaging methods enables adequate treatment and reduces the risk of new complications. In this report, we present a case of uretero-fallopian fistula following gynecological surgery for the resection of endometriotic lesions, with intraoperative inadvertent ureteral injury. This case report aimed to highlight the importance of diagnostic imaging in postoperative complications of gynecological surgeries for endometriosis, especially if inadvertent injuries occur during the procedure, and to guide the medical community in suspecting and addressing this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":"23 ","pages":"eRC1294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}