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Consensual ideas for prioritizing patients: correlates of preferences in the allocation of medical resources 优先考虑患者的一致意见：医疗资源分配中偏好的相关性
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2113081
A. Furnham, Charlotte L. Robinson, Simmy Grover
{"title":"Consensual ideas for prioritizing patients: correlates of preferences in the allocation of medical resources","authors":"A. Furnham, Charlotte L. Robinson, Simmy Grover","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2113081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2113081","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Five hundred adults indicated their preferences about the fairness and ethics of allocating scarce medical interventions. They also completed an IQ test, a measure of self-esteem and the extent to which they believed in a Just World, as well as General Conspiracy Theories. Results confirmed previous studies which showed a strong preference for the Utilitarian “saves most lives,” followed by the Prioritization “sickest first” and “youngest first,” preferences. Correlations and regressions indicated relatively few significant individual difference correlates of allocation preferences, with IQ being the major exception. Implications and limitations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45669831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An examination of online cheating among business students through the lens of the Dark Triad and Fraud Diamond 从“黑社会”和“欺诈钻石”的视角审视商学院学生的网络作弊行为
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2104281
Kenneth A. Smith, David J. Emerson, Timothy D. Haight, Bob G. Wood
{"title":"An examination of online cheating among business students through the lens of the Dark Triad and Fraud Diamond","authors":"Kenneth A. Smith, David J. Emerson, Timothy D. Haight, Bob G. Wood","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2104281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2104281","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Business students have long been noted for their differential proclivity to engage in academic misconduct. Unfortunately, the potential for misconduct has been exacerbated in recent years by rapid advances in technology, easy access to information, competitive pressures, and the proliferation of websites that provide students access to information that allows them to directly circumvent the learning process. Using a convenience sample of 631 students matriculating in various business majors at four U.S. universities and structural equations modeling procedures, this study assesses the effects of psychological factors on business students’ propensities to utilize the services of homework assistance websites. Specifically, we examine how “Dark Triad” personality traits (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) interact with Fraud Diamond elements to influence student decisions to engage the services of these websites. We find that each Dark Triad trait exerts a significant influence on at least one of the Fraud Diamond elements, which in turn have a significant direct or indirect positive association with students’ reported intentions to utilize, and reported utilization of, these websites.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44005661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
I’m doing the right thing! Technological intimate partner violence and social media use: the moderating role of moral absolutism and the mediating role of jealousy 我在做正确的事!技术亲密伴侣暴力与社交媒体使用:道德绝对主义的调节作用和嫉妒的中介作用
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2106486
Ioan-Alex Merlici, A. Maftei, Mălina Corlătianu, G. Lăzărescu, O. Danila, C. Măirean
{"title":"I’m doing the right thing! Technological intimate partner violence and social media use: the moderating role of moral absolutism and the mediating role of jealousy","authors":"Ioan-Alex Merlici, A. Maftei, Mălina Corlătianu, G. Lăzărescu, O. Danila, C. Măirean","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2106486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2106486","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study investigated the associations between social media use integration and Technological Intimate Partner Violence (TIPV) while also exploring the mediating role of the three dimensions of jealousy and the moderating role of moral absolutism. Our sample consisted of 404 adults aged 18 to 59. The results indicated a significant positive effect of social media use integration on cognitive jealousy and TIPV. Social media use integration was correlated with behavioral jealousy and TIPV, while TIPV was positively associated with all three dimensions of jealousy. The moderated mediation analysis suggested that behavioral jealousy fully mediated the effect of social media use integration toward TIPV at all levels of moral absolutism, while cognitive jealousy had a partial mediating effect only at medium and high levels of moral absolutism. We discuss our findings by pointing out that (a) various dimensions of jealousy might be influenced differently by social media use integration, and (b) individuals with high levels of moral absolutism might be more prone to cognitive jealousy after being exposed to prolonged social media use. We acknowledge that our results may have limited generalizability as our sample was primarily female. Research involving larger portions of male participants would be important to pursue.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42409824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
See something, say something? exploring the gap between real and imagined moral courage 看到什么，说什么？探索真实与想象中的道德勇气
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2104282
N. Kemper, Dylan S. Campbell, Anna-Kaisa Reiman
{"title":"See something, say something? exploring the gap between real and imagined moral courage","authors":"N. Kemper, Dylan S. Campbell, Anna-Kaisa Reiman","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2104282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2104282","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research shows that people often do not intervene to stop immoral action from happening. However, limited information is available on why people fail to intervene. Two preregistered studies (Ns = 248, 131) explored this gap in the literature by staging a theft in front of participants and immediately interviewing them to inquire about their reasons for intervening or not intervening. Across both studies, most participants did not try to stop the theft or even report it to the experimenter afterward. Furthermore, many participants reported confusion and inattention as precursors to nonintervention, yielding insight into what inhibits moral courage.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45125204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ethics of humanitarian action: on aid-recipients’ vulnerability and humanitarian agencies’ distinct obligation 人道主义行动的道德：援助对象的脆弱性和人道主义机构的独特义务
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2088536
Chin Ruamps
{"title":"Ethics of humanitarian action: on aid-recipients’ vulnerability and humanitarian agencies’ distinct obligation","authors":"Chin Ruamps","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2088536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2088536","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Humanitarian assistance in conflicts sometimes undermines local coping strategies, reinforces wartime economies, and strengthens the existing power structures. This article argues that some victims of conflicts are made extremely vulnerable and uniquely dependent on humanitarian agencies. In this case, humanitarian agencies have a distinct obligation to assist them. This article considers one novel account that justifies the continued provision of aid to victims of conflicts and rejects the widespread view that aid should be withdrawn to avoid its negative impact. This article presents the “Distinct Dependence Argument” to address the aid dependency predicament in conflicts. It explores the degree of vulnerability and dependence of victims of conflicts and evaluates humanitarian agencies’ causal responsibility in causing such vulnerability and dependency.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48340123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The notion of moral competence in the scientific literature: a critical review of a thin concept 科学文献中道德能力的概念:对一个单薄概念的批判性回顾
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2067163
Dominic A. Martin, C. Mörch, Emmanuelle Figoli
{"title":"The notion of moral competence in the scientific literature: a critical review of a thin concept","authors":"Dominic A. Martin, C. Mörch, Emmanuelle Figoli","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2067163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2067163","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This critical review accomplished two main tasks: first, the article provides scope for identifying the most common conceptions of moral competence in the scientific literature, as well as the different ways to measure this type of competence. Having moral judgment is the most popular element of moral competence, but the literature introduces many other elements. The review also shows there is a plethora of ways to measure moral competence, either in standardized tests providing scores or other non-standardized tests. As a second task, the article reflects critically on the general use of the idea of moral competence. Results suggest that this idea functions as what philosopher Bernard Williams would have called a thin ethical concept. Thin concepts are not problematic in and of themselves if they are used as linguistic shorthand, however, there may be shortcomings in the literature on moral competence because the idea is not rooted in more substantive views or theories in a way that is both clear and coherent.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42037529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Moral recognition for workplace offenses underlies the punitive responses of managers: A functional theoretical approach to morality and punishment 对工作场所违法行为的道德认可是管理者惩罚性反应的基础:道德与惩罚的功能理论方法
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2097081
Matthew L. Stanley, C. Neck, Christopher P. Neck
{"title":"Moral recognition for workplace offenses underlies the punitive responses of managers: A functional theoretical approach to morality and punishment","authors":"Matthew L. Stanley, C. Neck, Christopher P. Neck","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2097081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2097081","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is considerable variability across people in their punitive responses to employee offenses in the workplace. We attempt to explain this variability by positing a novel antecedent of punishment: moral recognition. We find consistent evidence that identifying moral considerations and implications for workplace offenses predicts punitive responses toward employees who commit those offenses. Drawing on functional theoretical accounts of morality and punishment, we posit that people are motivated to punish others to the extent that they believe a moral offense has been committed, because much of what it means to commit a moral offense (as opposed to a non-moral offense) is to act in a way that prevents, or inhibits, cooperative behavior to achieve social goals. Punishment can discourage group members from committing those offenses in the future, thereby regulating behavior in a way that facilitates cooperation and social cohesion. We offer correlational and causal evidence that the link between moral recognition and punishment is explained, in part, by participants’ beliefs that committing these offenses prevents cooperative behavior to achieve organization-related goals.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45268178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Beyond the bump: ethical and legal considerations for psychologists providing services to pregnant individuals who use substances 超越肿块：心理学家为使用药物的孕妇提供服务的伦理和法律考虑
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2093202
Anna M. Maralit
{"title":"Beyond the bump: ethical and legal considerations for psychologists providing services to pregnant individuals who use substances","authors":"Anna M. Maralit","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2093202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2093202","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Psychologists providing services to pregnant individuals using substances face a number of complicated ethical dilemmas, however guidance in this area is sparse. This article presents the ethical and legal issues that may arise in working with this population within the framework of the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (2017). The recommendations made are designed to assist psychologists with understanding factors that contribute to substance use during pregnancy, navigating punitive policies and liability risk, and methods to increase access to care for this vulnerable group.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43872447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The importance and efficacy of controlling for social desirability response bias 控制社会期望反应偏差的重要性和有效性
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2093201
Richard A. Bernardi, Jonathan Nash
{"title":"The importance and efficacy of controlling for social desirability response bias","authors":"Richard A. Bernardi, Jonathan Nash","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2093201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2093201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The extant literature acknowledges social desirability response bias (SDRB) is a pervasive issue for research that uses survey data and proposes several approaches to mitigating the issue, including: self-administered questionnaires, indirect questioning, and direct measurement. The objective of this study is to provide empirical evidence related to the importance of controlling for SDRB and the efficacy of these approaches. Using a primary sample of 365 business majors, we find the most common methodologies used to control for SDRB, self-administered questionnaires and indirect questions, are insufficient. A direct measure of SDRB remains significant when these approaches are used, and the exclusion of this measure affects the significance of other variables. Less than 5% of accounting-and-ethics research using survey data includes a direct control for SDRB. Our study provides empirical evidence on a methodological issue addressed in few existing studies.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Clinical adolescent decision-making: parental perspectives on confidentiality and consent in Belgium and The Netherlands 临床青少年决策:父母对保密和同意在比利时和荷兰的观点
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2086873
Jana Vanwymelbeke, D. De Coninck, K. Matthijs, K. Van Leeuwen, Steven Lierman, Ingrid Boone, Peter de Winter, J. Toelen
{"title":"Clinical adolescent decision-making: parental perspectives on confidentiality and consent in Belgium and The Netherlands","authors":"Jana Vanwymelbeke, D. De Coninck, K. Matthijs, K. Van Leeuwen, Steven Lierman, Ingrid Boone, Peter de Winter, J. Toelen","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2086873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2086873","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated Belgian and Dutch parental opinions on confidentiality and consent regarding medical decisions about adolescents. Through an online survey, we presented six cases (three on confidentiality, and three on consent) to 1,382 Belgian and Dutch parents. We studied patterns in parental confidentiality and consent preferences across and between cases through binomial logistic regressions and latent class analysis. Participants often grant the right to consent for a treatment to the adolescent, but the majority diverges from the adolescent’s preferences regarding confidentiality. More educated participants would rather not be informed about cases regarding a sexually transmitted disease or depression than lower educated participants. Further analysis shows that participants’ preferences correspond to authoritative (47%), permissive (30%) and authoritarian (17%) parenting styles. Belgian and Dutch parents are willing to grant some degree of autonomy, but they want to be informed about specific health issues. Parental views on confidentiality and granting consent appear to mirror existing parenting styles.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46298236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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