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Moral positive illusion: self–other valuation difference in moral foundation theory 道德积极幻觉：道德基础理论中的自我-他人价值差异
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2134134
Tiantian Mo, Jiarui Sui, Yujie Zhao, Xinyue Zhou
{"title":"Moral positive illusion: self–other valuation difference in moral foundation theory","authors":"Tiantian Mo, Jiarui Sui, Yujie Zhao, Xinyue Zhou","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2134134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2134134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT People tend to be unable to evaluate themselves accurately in many areas. One such area is their own and others’ morality. The current research explores the self–other moral valuation difference in the context of moral foundation theory. We propose that people generally have a moral positive illusion. Specifically, people overestimate their own morality and underestimate the morality of others. Two studies provide converging evidence that individuals underestimate the average moral valuations of others on the five dimensions of moral foundation theory. In particular, we demonstrate three moderators for moral positive illusion: moral foundation type, gender, and political identity. Specifically, compared with the binding foundations, people have greater moral positive illusions based on the individualizing foundations; compared to men, women have greater moral positive illusions; and compared with liberals, conservatives have greater moral positive illusions based on the binding foundations.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49432481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Moral stress and coping: relationship with long-term positive reactions and PTSD indication in military personnel 军人道德压力与应对:长期积极反应与PTSD指征的关系
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2131553
G. Larsson, S. Nilsson, Rino Bandlitz Johansen, G. Waaler, Peder Hyllengren, Alicia Ohlsson
{"title":"Moral stress and coping: relationship with long-term positive reactions and PTSD indication in military personnel","authors":"G. Larsson, S. Nilsson, Rino Bandlitz Johansen, G. Waaler, Peder Hyllengren, Alicia Ohlsson","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2131553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2131553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates the relationship between moral stress reactions and resulting coping efforts in severely morally challenging situations. Long-term positive reactions and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicators following morally challenging situations are also studied. The sample consisted of cadets and officers (n = 332) from Norway and Sweden. Long-term positive reactions were found to be associated with limited moral stress reactions during the challenging episode and frequent use of acceptance and positive reappraisal coping strategies. Long-term high scores on a PTSD indicator scale covaried with high scores on Openness, a strong moral stress reaction, and frequent use of instrumental coping strategies. The main conclusion is that the immediate moral stress reaction and coping strategies following morally challenging situations appear to be related to both positive long-term reactions and to indicators of PTSD.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87763696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The choice of deontological, virtue ethical, and consequentialist moral reasoning strategies by pre- and in-service police officers in the U.K.: an empirical study 英国职前和在职警察的义务论、美德伦理和结果主义道德推理策略的选择:一项实证研究
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2124995
Andrew Maile, Aidan P. Thompson, Shane J. McLoughlin, K. Kristjánsson
{"title":"The choice of deontological, virtue ethical, and consequentialist moral reasoning strategies by pre- and in-service police officers in the U.K.: an empirical study","authors":"Andrew Maile, Aidan P. Thompson, Shane J. McLoughlin, K. Kristjánsson","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2124995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2124995","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drawing upon cross-sectional research with pre- and in-service police officers in the U.K. (N = 571), this paper reports on the moral reasoning strategies favored by the respondents in dealing with bespoke work-related moral quandaries specific to the professional practice of policing. The dominant form of moral reasoning in dealing with those dilemmas was deontological (rule-based). The second most frequently selected reasoning strategy was virtue ethical. Further analysis of the police research data indicated that those with an undergraduate degree were significantly more likely to adopt virtue ethical and consequentialist-utilitarian reasoning strategies than those who did not have an undergraduate degree.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74384788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ageism and employee silence: the serial mediating roles of work alienation and organizational commitment 年龄歧视与员工沉默:工作异化与组织承诺的序列中介作用
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2126843
Rui Dong, Wanxin Yu, S. Ni, Qiaolong Hu
{"title":"Ageism and employee silence: the serial mediating roles of work alienation and organizational commitment","authors":"Rui Dong, Wanxin Yu, S. Ni, Qiaolong Hu","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2126843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2126843","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ageism is a common phenomenon in the workplace, despite being unethical. Although previous studies have explored the many negative effects of ageism on employees, employee silence has rarely been empirically tested as a negative outcome. Therefore, we explored the positive relationship between ageism and employee silence and its underlying mechanism. A total of 416 working adults completed two time-lagged surveys, with items measuring ageism, work alienation, organizational commitment, and employee silence, administered four weeks apart. The results indicate that work alienation and organizational commitment have serial mediating effects on the relationship between ageism and employee silence. Ageism led to employees experiencing more work alienation, leading to harmful consequences for their organizational commitment and to employee silence. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings in this paper.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78680816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Sharing for relief: associations of trauma-focused interviews and well-being among war-affected displaced populations in the Middle East 分享救济:中东受战争影响的流离失所人口中以创伤为重点的访谈与福祉的关联
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2122466
Hawkar Ibrahim, Katharina Goessmann, F. Neuner
{"title":"Sharing for relief: associations of trauma-focused interviews and well-being among war-affected displaced populations in the Middle East","authors":"Hawkar Ibrahim, Katharina Goessmann, F. Neuner","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2122466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2122466","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nonmaleficence is a key ethical value of research among vulnerable populations. Trauma-focused research typically includes detailed interviews about traumatic life events and post-traumatic symptoms. This raises concerns about causing distress and harm for the affected individuals. We aimed to determine the immediate effects of trauma-focused interviews on participants’ wellbeing. We developed the brief Distress and Harm Scale (DH7) for the assessment of current symptoms of distress and urge to harm oneself or others. Using data from 332 Iraqi and Syrian children and both of their parents (N = 996), we assessed these symptoms before and after participating in trauma-focused interviews. Results showed that the mean levels of self-reported distress and harm impulses were significantly decreased among adults and children rather than increased immediately after the interviews. Once measures to safeguard cases at risk are carefully implemented in research, the potential benefits of participating in trauma-focused interviews outweigh the risk for individuals. Potential implications of the results for ethical review boards evaluating trauma-focused studies are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Shifting foci of ethical concerns: a new generation enters the corporate world 道德关注点的转移:新一代进入了企业界
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2124160
J. Franczak, D. Shanahan
{"title":"Shifting foci of ethical concerns: a new generation enters the corporate world","authors":"J. Franczak, D. Shanahan","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2124160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2124160","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As a new generation enters the workforce, it is important to understand the ethical concerns of these emerging professionals and future leaders. Crucially, because forces such as technology, globalization, and social responsibility are transforming the business environment. The present study defines ethical concerns as topics of ethics that are important to oneself that are influenced by the social context and affect attitudes and behaviors. Inspired by past studies and trends, this research examines a four-decade historical perspective of ethical concerns of college students in the United States. Our findings indicate that the foci of concern for business-related ethical issues among incoming professionals have significantly shifted – focusing more on environmental, collective, and corporate social responsibility concerns of bettering society, but less on ethical standards meeting the needs of organizations. Of cautionary note, incoming professionals feel increased pressure to act unethically and to overlook ethical concerns related to application of new technologies in order to succeed. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45006253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Practice of common ethical standards in the field of counseling and psychotherapy in mainland China 共同伦理标准在中国大陆心理咨询领域的实践
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2118120
Qin An, Xiubin Lin, Z. Sang, Mingyi Qian
{"title":"Practice of common ethical standards in the field of counseling and psychotherapy in mainland China","authors":"Qin An, Xiubin Lin, Z. Sang, Mingyi Qian","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2118120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2118120","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper will first introduce the development of professional ethics of counseling and psychotherapy in mainland China. Ethical awareness is often limited due to variations in training experiences. Aligning with ethics codes can also bring challenges due to nuances within Chinese culture. Furthermore, the authors discuss the ethical challenges regarding the principles of multiple relationships, informed consent, and confidentiality in the context of Chinese culture. These ethical issues are often discussed within an individualistic cultural frame and presentation from a collectivist culture offers a unique perspective in the ethics literature.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49566539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Graduate recruitment offers: ethical and professional considerations for engineering graduate students and faculty members 毕业生招聘提供:道德和专业考虑工程研究生和教职员工
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2118123
Islam H. El-adaway, Mohamad Abdul Nabi, Ramy Khalef, Tamima S. Elbashbishy, G. Ali, Radwa Eissa, Muaz O. Ahmed
{"title":"Graduate recruitment offers: ethical and professional considerations for engineering graduate students and faculty members","authors":"Islam H. El-adaway, Mohamad Abdul Nabi, Ramy Khalef, Tamima S. Elbashbishy, G. Ali, Radwa Eissa, Muaz O. Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2118123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2118123","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper investigates the ethical and professional responsibilities of engineering Graduate Students (GSs) and Faculty Members (FMs) in relation to Graduate Recruitment Offers (GROs). The authors developed an academic survey for data collection and subsequently evaluated the collected data based on common ethical theories and principles, as well as relevant professional codes of conduct. Based on the survey responses, this study identified the most common driving and preventive reasons for FMs and GSs not to honor a signed GRO. Further, the perception of GSs and FMs in relation to GROs was investigated using statistical methods. Finally, the authors provided an educational framework in the form of a checklist aimed at promoting ethical and professional decision-making as related to GROs. Ultimately, the outcomes of this research can be incorporated into senior seminar courses to enhance engineering undergraduate students’ ethical education and promote their ethical thinking as they grow into professional roles.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44510110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ethical standards for psychological practice in the UAE: current status and aspirations 阿联酋心理实践的道德标准：现状和愿望
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2118122
Fatima Al-Darmaki, Saad Yaaqeib, S. Partridge
{"title":"Ethical standards for psychological practice in the UAE: current status and aspirations","authors":"Fatima Al-Darmaki, Saad Yaaqeib, S. Partridge","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2118122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2118122","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a growing body of global research demonstrating the significance of mental health to individuals’ overall happiness and productivity. The research evidence has encouraged governmental agencies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to divert more attention toward the provision and development of mental health services. As the sector grows, one of the first issues of concern is the adherence to a unified set of ethics of practice. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the existing ethical codes of conduct relevant to the mental health profession in the unique context of the UAE. Specifically, this discussion will focus on the interaction of cultural factors with the ethical standards of confidentiality, informed consent, and multiple relationships. This paper provides an initial reference for researchers and practitioners to explore regional issues of ethical standards in mental health services.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47242546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Chinese attitudes to plagiarism: a genre analysis of editorial statements on plagiarism cases (1950s-1960s) 中国人对抄袭的态度:对50 - 60年代抄袭事件社论的体裁分析
IF 2 3区 哲学
Ethics & Behavior Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2111307
Yongyan Li, J. Flowerdew
{"title":"Chinese attitudes to plagiarism: a genre analysis of editorial statements on plagiarism cases (1950s-1960s)","authors":"Yongyan Li, J. Flowerdew","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2111307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2111307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It has been assumed sometimes that plagiarism is traditionally accepted in Confucian-heritage cultures such as China. In this paper we provide evidence to counter such a view. Focusing on a corpus of editorial statements on plagiarism cases published in Chinese journals in the decade of the early 1950s-the early 1960s, we present an integrated genre analysis and discourse analysis of this data. We illuminate 12 rhetorical move types in the focal genre and intertextual links between the genre and two related genres (readers’ disclosure reports and plagiarizers’ apologies) and demonstrate how plagiarism is construed as a transgressive practice and is imbued with the post-revolutionary Communist discourse of its historical period. The implications of the study apply to the academic community in terms of teaching and learning, on the one hand, and publication practices, on the other. We end the paper by emphasizing the importance of employing a contextualized approach to the study of plagiarism and the power of a triangulated genre and discourse analytic approach in the case of both the present research and the investigation of language use in the real-world more generally.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42547020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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