Ethics & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Environmental agency, moral reasoning, and moral disengagement in adults","authors":"Giulia Gialdi, Antonella Somma, Sarah Songhorian, Nicole Bergamelli, Claudia Frau, Andrea Fossati","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2267705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2267705","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTTo assess the relationships between environmental agency, prosocial moral reasoning, and civic moral disengagement, 544 community-dwelling adults were administered the image-based Environmental Agency Scale (EAS), the Prosocial Moral Reasoning Objective Measure (PROM), and the Civic Moral Disengagement Scale (CMDS). The EAS Agentic Self and Agentic Other dimensions proved to be reliable measures and showed adequate factor validity. Mean/median score comparisons between EAS Agentic Self Scale and Agentic Other Scale scores indicated that participants viewed society-level actions as more relevant than individual-level actions when environment defense is at issue. Partial correlation analysis results showed that environmental agentic self was grounded in individual differences in prosocial moral reasoning. Civic moral disengagement yielded negative associations with EAS Agentic Other Scale scores, providing further support to the relevance of moral disengagement process in environmental sensitivity. These results may improve our understanding of environmental agency and its connections with prosocial moral reasoning and moral disengagement.KEYWORDS: Climate changeself-agencyother-agencyimage-based taskprosocial moral reasoningmoral disengagement AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Alice Barchi for her help in collecting data.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2267705Data availability statementThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136098361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert survey: safer research with parent survivors of child maltreatment","authors":"Elmie Janse van Rensburg, Jeneva L. Ohan, Nicole Wickens, Helen Milroy, Ashleigh Lin","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2265519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2265519","url":null,"abstract":"Intergenerational trauma research typically focuses on parent survivors. No specific guidelines are available for conducting research with parent survivors despite potentially unique risks. To investigate research safety with parent survivors, we conducted an online survey of 38 researchers regarding experiences of parent survivors in their research, precautions taken, ethical review experiences, and researchers’ mental health during the project(s). Most researchers felt that parent survivors are a unique population that require extra support. However, the response rate was low. Findings show the need for specific research guidelines informed by parent survivors’ lived experiences, and to support researchers against vicarious traumatic stress.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competence-based assessment and training for ethical situations in practice: a pilot study","authors":"Benjamin M. Ogles, Kristin Lang Hansen, David M. Erekson","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2263896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2263896","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn this pilot study, deliberate practice and competence-based assessment were incorporated into a first-year graduate course on professional issues and ethics. Students responded to challenging simulations of basic ethical situations in therapy before and after the course. Aspects of deliberate practice were incorporated into the course. Student self-report ratings and independent performance ratings blind to timing found improvements in students’ ability to manage basic ethical situations in practice. Pilot evidence suggests competence-based assessment and training have potential use for training students preparing to engage in their first therapy practicum experiences. Additional controlled studies are needed to examine the benefits of competence-based assessment and training.KEYWORDS: Competence-based trainingethicsfacilitative interpersonal skillsdeliberate practice AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr. Joseph Olsen for his helpful statistical consultation on this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementCorrespondence and requests for data sharing should be addressed to Ben Ogles, 268 TLRB, Comprehensive Clinic, Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84,602. Email: ben_ogles@byu.edu Phone: (801) 422–8193Additional informationFundingPartial funding for this project was provided by the Sorensen Center for Moral and Ethical Leadership at Brigham Young University.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unethical pro-organizational behavior and task performance: a moderated mediation model of depression and self-reflection","authors":"Xuejing Hao, Yang Sui, Qiusi Yan","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2260911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2260911","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study develops and tests a model based on affective events theory. It specifies that engaging in unethical pro-organizational behaviors (UPB) decreases employee task performance through depression. Specifically, employees engaged in UPB are more likely to be depressed for those with a high rather than a low level of self-reflection, which in turn decreases task performance. Based on a sample of 205 sales employees in an insurance company located in mainland of China, we found that UPB had a significant indirect effect on task performance through depression; additionally, this effect was stronger for employees with high rather than low levels of self-reflection.KEYWORDS: Unethical pro-organizational behaviordepressiontask performanceself-reflection DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENTThe datasets generated and analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.ETHICAL APPROVALThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (No.2023-3-105). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.INFORMED CONSENTWritten informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [71972009].","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135580761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency within a multi-layered framework: an integrative grounded theory approach","authors":"Altay Eren, Anıl Rakıcıoğlu-Söylemez","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2261578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2261578","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTUsing an integrative grounded theory design, this study investigated prospective teachers’ moral perceptions, emotions, behavioral intentions, and reasons for their moral behavioral intentions concerning their future teaching to uncover whether prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency would be explained within a multi-layered framework. The data were collected through semi-structured focus-group interviews with 40 conveniently sampled prospective teachers. The results revealed that prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency encompassed perceptual (i.e. moral perceptions, emotions, behavioral intentions, and reasons for moral behavioral intentions), regulatory (i.e. prescriptive and proscriptive moral regulation systems), and contextual layers (i.e. personal, interpersonal, and social contexts). Theoretical and practical implications were also discussed in the study.KEYWORDS: Moral agencymoral emotionbehavioral intentionmoral perceptionmoral regulation Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could be perceived as influencing the work reported in this paper.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2261578Notes1 The data are available from the authors upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informed consent, multiple relationships, and confidentiality: a comparison across four countries","authors":"M. Leach, J. Akhurst","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2152340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2152340","url":null,"abstract":"There are approximately 60 codes of ethics developed by national and regional psychological associations around the world, and there is wide variability in their structures, formats, lengths, and degree to which they can be enforced. Enforcement implies that there is sufficient infrastructure within a particular psychological association to intervene should a psychologist engage in unethical behaviors. Many ethics codes include principles and standards, though they are not always structured and indicated as such. In many countries principles are considered aspirational and include constructs such as beneficence, integrity, and respect. They are generally not considered enforceable because of the non-behavioral specification associated with them. Standards, however, are often considered enforceable and include behavioral components. Recent works investigating international components of professional psychological ethics include developments in the area of principles and standards. The most notable development in the area of principles is the Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists (see, Gauthier, 2022). This document represents common principles found in most countries and cultures around the world. It includes the principles of Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples, Competent Caring for the WellBeing of Persons and Peoples, Integrity, and Professional and Scientific Responsibilities to Society. It has been directly implemented into different ethics codes (e.g., Guatemala) and is a source of foundational principles from which psychological associations can draw when developing codes of ethics. The internationalization of ethical standards has received some attention over the years, yet little is still known about their cross-cultural relevance. Leach and colleagues have engaged in the majority of work in this area, by comparing ethics codes and determining which standards are found most and least often internationally. Comparisons have been made to determine the overlap in areas such as competencies (Kuo & Leach, 2017), duty to protect (Leach, 2009), and research (Leach et al., 2012). This research area indicates consistencies across ethics documents internationally and common values and practices found for the psychology profession, regardless of country. However, this research line has its limitations. While this area of research allows for insights into common practices within psychology across the globe, it has not investigated the meanings attached to terms and their applications in sufficient depth. National codes of ethics may share common ethical standards (e.g., competence), but what is not known is how such standards are interpreted across different cultures and countries. This paper is the first known attempt to delve into the interpretation of different ethical standards. More specifically, practically all codes have standards of care regarding informed consent, multiple relationships, and confidentiality","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confidentiality, informed consent, and multiple relationships in four emerging regions","authors":"J. Akhurst, M. Leach","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2152339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2152339","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a rapid increase in the globalization of professions since the turn of the century, and this has been true for the psychology profession as well. Psychological research evidence, theories and practice have spread rapidly, influenced in no small part by ever-widening access of diverse people to technologies, as well as increased dissemination and sharing of training and resources. There is also an evidence base of increased mental health concerns (e.g., Furukawa & Kessler, 2019) in many contexts, and in the spread of ideas from psychology to ameliorate symptoms and tackle these occurrences more widely than before. In parallel, psychologists have faced increasing demands to demonstrate their accountability both to the people with whom they consult (often as their clients become more aware of their rights), as well as to organizational or institutional settings in which they work (Greenberg & Smith, 2008). Ethics is therefore a central element of their work. Ethical practice is at the core of the discipline of psychology and is often one of the first modules covered in introductory training. Francis (2009) wrote of the need to expose aspiring professionals to ethics in the formative stages of their training, as a means to set the foundation of expected professional behaviors. The nature of the content of what is ethically covered in training as well as continued professional development is thus of important interest. Codes of ethics comprise an important component of ethics training. Sinclair (2012) traced a number of historical influences upon the development of ethical codes of practice, highlighting both the influence of existing medical codes, as well as events that have underscored the need for such. She noted that prior to the Modern Era, there were ethical documents such as the “Ayurvedic Oath of Initiation” from India; the Hebrew “Oath of Asaph”; the Persian “Holy Abbas’s Advice to a Physician”; the “Seventeen Rules of Enjuin” from Japan; and the “Five Commandments and Ten Requirements” influenced by Confucian thought in China. These documents all pre-date modern developments and contain elements that overlap with more recent professional ethics codes. Unfortunately, over the past few decades many of the ethical codes for psychologists were initiated by national psychological organizations influenced by predominant thinking in the developed or “Western” world, also characterized as White, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic (WEIRD; e.g., Azar, 2010). Leach and Gauthier (2012) commented on the need for culturecenteredness of codes of ethics, because these are developed within a specific cultural milieu and are reflective of the values of that culture. That said, when developing ethics codes, there has been a lot of borrowing of ethics standards and principles across countries, but it is unknown how they are actually interpreted and implemented across countries, given the influences of different cultures. For example, ","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46633427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising to our Obligation to Give","authors":"Diana Quito","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2023.2185619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2023.2185619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45058278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical aspects of psychological work in Ukraine: past, present, and future","authors":"Valeriia Palii","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2152030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2152030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents an attempt to analyze the specifics of ethical norms in the work of psychologists in Ukraine, with an analysis of historical preconditions, current challenges and cultural characteristics. Ukraine, as a modern developing country striving for integration into the European space, is intensively developing psychology and trying to overcome the problems that it has today. Having well-trained psychologists, psychology in Ukraine has many vulnerabilities, such as the lack of legislation in this field and licensing. Professional communities, by virtue of their competencies, strengthen psychology in Ukraine through an attempt to implement ethical standards and highlight problematic topics. The article contains a review of Ukrainian psychologists’ understandings of confidentiality, informed consent and multiple relationships. This paper is an analysis and attempt to explain to the reader potential areas of growth and the unique cultural formations that we have in our practical work today. This exploration includes factors such as the features of importance in the relationship between a psychologist and a client in the Ukrainian context, and the historical, social, economic, cultural, and political factors that influence the perception of ethical standards among Ukrainian psychologists.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical codes in the Arab region: comparisons and differences","authors":"B. Khoury, L. Akoury-Dirani","doi":"10.1080/10508422.2022.2152817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2152817","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Within the professional practice of psychology the code of ethics characterizes what is morally right or wrong, by means of a set of principles, values, and standards of conduct. While there are numerous international mental health organizations that incorporate ethical guidelines such as the APA and EFPA; these codes still fall short in providing guidelines for psychologists working in non-western cultures, especially when there are no universally adopted and valid cross-cultural ethics codes. This paper explores various challenges psychologists in the Arab region face when using a western code which does not reflect the values and traditions of their culture. A comparison of several ethical codes from different Arab countries is presented, with a focus on challenging areas of interest such as confidentiality, informed consent and multiple relationships.","PeriodicalId":47265,"journal":{"name":"Ethics & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49611187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}