Perspectives in Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Can social prescribing reach patients most in need? Patterns of (in)equalities in referrals in a representative cohort of older adults in England.","authors":"D Fancourt, A Steptoe","doi":"10.1177/17579139251330767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139251330767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Social prescribing (SP) is a mechanism of care referring people to non-clinical forms of support and services in local communities to improve health and wellbeing. But there is much contention over whether SP is provided disproportionately more to individuals who are less disadvantaged. A comprehensive analysis of who is receiving SP from both medical and non-medical referral routes has never been undertaken.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from 7283 adults aged 50+ in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), incorporating novel questions on SP into Wave 10. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore predictors of self-reported referrals to SP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 495 adults (6.8%) reported receiving an SP referral and 435 (88%) accepted. Referrals were more likely among older adults (odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.03), those with chronic pain (OR = 1.78, CI = 1.40-2.27), those who were lonely (OR = 2.20, CI = 1.63-2.97), those from the lowest wealth tertile (OR = 1.59, CI = 1.17-2.18) and those receiving benefits (OR = 2.02, CI = 1.52-2.69). Diagnosed psychiatric conditions and depressive symptoms, sedentary behaviours, cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and physical inactivity predicted referrals only in minimally adjusted models. But those with multiple long-term conditions were more likely to be referred (OR = 2.02, CI = 1.00-4.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is promising initial evidence that SP referrals are occurring among older adults in England, with high uptake among those referred. Promisingly, those with the highest socio-economic need and most long-term health conditions particularly appear to be receiving support. Mental health appears more of a secondary rather than a primary referral predictor.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"17579139251330767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine-scrolling: a modern public health challenge requiring urgent attention.","authors":"B T Sharpe, R A Spooner","doi":"10.1177/17579139251331914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139251331914","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"17579139251331914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of e-cigarette policy action, inaction and industry influence: implications for youth uptake in New Zealand.","authors":"L Hardie, B Freeman, J McCool","doi":"10.1177/17579139251322009","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139251322009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>In 2024, New Zealand had one of the highest rates of e-cigarette use among youth globally. In this article, we aim to examine key developments in e-cigarette policy that may have contributed to high uptake among young people in New Zealand between 2015 and 2024. By identifying key policy-relevant documents by government agencies and interactions with the industry, we aim to offer insights for jurisdictions looking to implement or strengthen e-cigarette policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched publicly available New Zealand government websites to identify documents related to e-cigarette policy between 2015 and 2024 (Ministry of Health, New Zealand Parliament, Beehive, Courts of New Zealand and New Zealand Customs). We included key policy-related documents for analysis. Documents were organised and summarised sequentially into a timeline graphic and chronological narrative results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>New Zealand introduced policies aimed at reducing youth e-cigarette uptake slowly compared to other high-income countries such as the UK and Australia. When policies were introduced, they lacked strength, which enabled the e-cigarette and tobacco industry to oppose, bypass and, ultimately, weaken the impact of such policies. The e-cigarette industry had multiple interactions with public health actors that may have positioned the industry as a legitimate partner in tobacco harm reduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights that jurisdictions must move quickly to introduce effective measures on e-cigarettes to protect health. Policies must be sufficiently comprehensive to prevent the industry from opposing and bypassing laws. Governments must protect policy processes from companies that profit from nicotine addiction in line with the WHO Framework on Tobacco Control.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Kate Frazer","doi":"10.1177/17579139251329743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139251329743","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":"145 2","pages":"50-52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>'They are targeted as fun and better for you than smoking'</i>: Australian parents' opinions about the normalisation of vaping for children and young people.","authors":"S Thomas, S McCarthy, H Pitt, B Freeman, G Arnot, M Daube","doi":"10.1177/17579139251319668","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139251319668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parents can play an important role in shaping youth vaping attitudes and behaviours, and are important stakeholders in advocating for policy reforms to protect the health of children and young people. Few studies have qualitatively investigated parents' perceptions of the factors that contribute to the normalisation of vaping for children and young people. This study aimed to understand the range of factors that parents attributed as playing a role in shaping the normalisation of vaping for young people, and the risks that these products pose to the health and wellbeing of young people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online qualitative survey was conducted in December 2022 with <i>n</i> = 455 Australian parents of at least one child aged 11-17 years. Open text questions interpreted for this article investigated parents' perceptions about whether they thought vapes were normalised for young people; the reasons young people were interested in vaping; and the impact of marketing and novel products on vaping attitudes and behaviours in young people. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parents were clear that vaping was becoming increasingly normalised for young people. They attributed this to four key factors: (1) Peer influences (particularly through school settings); (2) The increased accessibility and availability of vapes in community settings; (3) The role of marketing and novel product design; and (4) The perception that vapes were a healthier alternative to cigarettes or were not harmful.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Understanding parents' views is an important part of developing public health responses to harmful products. Parents were highly aware of, and concerned about, the increased normalisation of vaping for children, and should be engaged by health organisations to support and advocate for policy reform.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"86-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the tobacco and vapes bill: what next for UK tobacco control.","authors":"H Cheeseman","doi":"10.1177/17579139251319903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139251319903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, Cheeseman sets out the legislation outlined in the Tobacco and Vapes Bill, and its potential effects on smokers and nicotine-dependent people in the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":"145 2","pages":"76-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaping-associated nicotine dependence among children and young people in the United Kingdom: time to act.","authors":"R Isba, L Brennan, J Lunn, L Brewster","doi":"10.1177/17579139251317835","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139251317835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors for this article represent public health, clinical paediatrics, medical sociology, and psychology, and together present an argument for why those in the UK should be concerned about the rise in vaping and vaping-associated nicotine dependence in those under the age of 18. The piece draws together the latest evidence in this area and calls for dedicated services for those who are nicotine dependent as a result of their vape usage, and who are currently overlooked.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":"145 2","pages":"73-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoke-free homes: what can we learn from adopting patient and public involvement in clinical practice in two countries to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke?","authors":"K Frazer, N Bhardwaj, C Bell, A Lyons, N Vickers, L Geoghegan, T McDonnell, D McGillicuddy, P Fitzpatrick, C Kelleher, T Kroll","doi":"10.1177/17579139251317845","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139251317845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":"145 2","pages":"66-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing midwives' conversations about smoking and referral to specialist support: a qualitative study informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Nicky Knowles, Megan Elliott, Alice Cline, Helen Poole","doi":"10.1177/17579139241231213","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139241231213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing midwives' conversations about smoking, and referral to specialist smoking cessation services, using an evidence-based theoretical framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were undertaken with community midwives employed within one health board region of Wales. Deductive framework analysis was employed by coding data to the domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and then identifying themes within domains and across participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven midwives took part in the study. 13, out of a possible 14 domains, were mapped from the TDF. Key enablers to conversations and referrals include knowledge of the risks of smoking in pregnancy, congruence with the professional identity of a midwife, and the use of carbon monoxide monitors in initiating conversations and referrals. Limited knowledge of the specialist service, confusion about the opt-out pathway, varied skills in communicating and engaging with women, low confidence in ability to influence women's decisions, limited appointment times, and competing priorities were identified as barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Midwives recognise the importance of their role within the provision of smoking cessation advice and referral to specialist services. While there are continued time pressures and competing priorities for midwives, enhancing skills and confidence in collaborative, empowering approaches to addressing smoking would further support in optimising the uptake of maternity smoking cessation support. This could also enhance conversations about other public health issues such diet, physical activity, and alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The smoke-free generation policy: policy analysis.","authors":"S J Howell","doi":"10.1177/17579139251319980","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139251319980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses how effective the smoking policies that are being introduced are, whether more is action needed, and who is being most impacted. Through this article Howell aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on smoking prevention and control, and to shield future generations from adverse health effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":"145 2","pages":"60-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}