Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of simulated bur radius compensation on full-contour CAD crown morphology and trueness across tooth types. An in- silico study.","authors":"Nabeel S Martani","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00169-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00169-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To systematically investigate and quantify the influence of bur radius compensation size on the design parameters of full-contour computer-aided design (CAD) crowns. The study analyzes the deterministic trends in morphological characteristics, surface area, volume, and geometric trueness across varying tooth anatomies to provide data-driven guidelines for CAD protocols. This study utilized a deterministic computer simulation to generate idealized virtual crown designs for three distinct anatomical tooth types (molar [#3], premolar [#5], and central incisor [#8]). Because the computational algorithm yields identical outputs from identical inputs with zero variance, a sample size calculation was not applicable; instead, single standardized designs were analyzed. The crowns were processed with seven varying bur radius settings: a 0.00 mm baseline (representing an ideal design with no bur constraints) and six test radii ranging from 0.10 mm to 1.50 mm. The resulting standard tessellation language (STL) files were analyzed using a custom Python algorithm (Eyleen Code) by utilizing Trimesh and NumPy libraries, to calculate trend geometric deviation metrics Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Hausdorff Distance (H.D) relative to the baseline. The simulation data revealed that increasing the bur radius from 0.10 mm to 1.50 mm resulted in progressive morphological changes across all tooth types. A marked trend of volumetric loss was observed; the molar volume decreased from a baseline of 160.60 mm³ down to 135.13 mm³ at the maximum radius. Conversely, surface area and roughness metrics showed a consistent upward trend. Geometric trueness deteriorated substantially with larger radii. While maximum localized deviations (H.D) peaked between the 0.75 mm and 1.00 mm settings, overall morphological deviation (RMSE) continued to climb, peaking at the 1.25 mm to 1.50 mm settings depending on the tooth type. Specifically, the RMSE for the central incisor rose from 0.049 at the minimal compensation to a peak of 0.184, indicating substantial volumetric and geometric distortion compared to the ideal baseline design. The selection of bur radius size directly dictates the morphological reliability of dental CAD. The data demonstrate that a minimal radius (0.10 mm) yields the highest trueness to the ideal baseline, whereas larger settings cause substantial volumetric reduction and geometric deviation, particularly in posterior teeth. To minimize anatomical discrepancies, digital laboratory workflows better to restrict bur radius compensation to the minimum technically feasible values, pending further validation in physical milling processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronic acid versus microneedling with injectable platelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of partial loss of interdental papillae: A pilot randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Amal Jamjoom, Shatha Bamashmous, Rusha Alyafi, Arwa Badahdah, Mohammad Assaggaf, Arwa Banjar, Badr Othman, Talal Zahid, Ady Azhari, Reem Alharbi, Jana Alwaznah, Ola Khoujah, Razan Alhashmi, Basel Sharabi, Mohammed Alulaiyan","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00174-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00174-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loss of the interdental papilla represents a frequent aesthetic and functional challenge in dentistry. Traditional surgical procedures can partially restore papillary form but are limited by technical sensitivity, donor-site morbidity, and unpredictable long-term results. Consequently, interest has shifted toward minimally invasive, biologically driven strategies for papilla reconstruction. Among non-surgical options, the injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) and the injectable form of platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF) have shown considerable promise. Combining microneedling (MN) enhances trans-mucosal delivery of the biologic agent and can boost regenerative outcomes. Despite promising results, direct comparisons between HA and MN + iPRF remain scarce. Therefore, the present study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of MN + iPRF versus HA gel injection in the reconstruction of Class I interdental papilla loss. This pilot study was conducted as a split-mouth, double-blind, randomized trial to compare the efficacy of MN + iPRF vs. HA injections in reconstructing interdental papillae. A total of seven adult patients (N = 7) were enrolled, contributing 20 interdental papillary sites based on individual clinical presentation. Each site was randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: Group MN + iPRF (n = 10 sites), and Group HA (n = 10 sites). Clinical parameters measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks included papillary height and papillary width at three levels (base, middle, and tip), and Papillary thickness. Both techniques showed comparable improvements in papillae height and contour over the study period. Intergroup analysis showed no statistically significant difference in all parameters at any time point. This pilot study, with its small sample size, suggests comparable short-term outcomes, but larger studies are needed to determine definitive efficacy. The absence of statistical significance should therefore be interpreted cautiously and does not indicate equivalence between the two treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Limosilactobacillus reuteri probiotic on dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus sobrinus and Candida albicans: an in vitro study.","authors":"Ranny Grevanny, Mochamad Fahlevi Rizal, Margaretha Suharsini","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00173-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00173-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of intricate dental biofilms and an imbalance in the oral microbiota are linked to Early Childhood Caries (ECC) as a multifactorial oral disease. Although Streptococcus mutans has been extensively studied, other microorganisms, including Streptococcus sobrinus and Candida albicans, also contribute significantly to the severity of ECC. Probiotics like Limosilactobacillus reuteri, which produce antimicrobial metabolites, such as reuterin, have shown potential as biofilm-modulating agents, but their effects on dual-species biofilms from ECC clinical isolates remain poorly understood. The inhibitory potential of L. reuteri against dual-species biofilms formed by clinical isolates of S. sobrinus with C. albicans obtained from children with ECC was evaluated by this study. Supragingival plaque sampling in ECC patients aged 3–5 years enabled the recovery of clinical isolates representing S. sobrinus as well as C. albicans. Dual-species biofilm cultures were grown in saliva-treated 96-well microplates. After incubation with L. reuteri (2 × 10⁸ CFU/mL), the accumulated biofilm was evaluated through crystal violet staining and absorbance measurement at 600 nm. The microbial count (CFU/mL) was determined by absolute real-time PCR, and the expression of virulence genes (gtfI and HWP1) was evaluated by utilizing relative real-time PCR. The reduction in biofilm biomass produced by treatment with L. reuteri was 35% (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant reduction in the microbial load of S. sobrinus and C. albicans. Expression of the virulence genes gtfI and HWP1 was notably downregulated following probiotic treatment (p < 0.05). L. reuteri exhibits potent antibiofilm and antivirulence effects against dual-species biofilms formed by ECC-associated clinical isolates. These findings support its potential as a biofilm-modulating agent for caries prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental fear, anxiety, oral hygiene and dental caries in Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Elwalid Nasir, Nada Suliman","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00153-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00153-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess possible association between dental fear, anxiety, oral hygiene, and sociodemographic factors and prevalence, severity of dental caries among adult patients at a university dental clinic in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study conducted from September to December 2022, a convenience sample was used. Data were collected through clinical examinations to determine the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and oral hygiene levels. Dental fear and anxiety were assessed using structured questionnaires. Bivariate analyses and multivariable regression models were used to identify significant associations. 619 patients with a mean age of 29.46-years, 63.2% were males. The prevalence of dental caries was (89.5%), with a mean DMFT score of 10-teeth (SD ± 7.6), and the mean significant caries index SiC30 was 18 (SD ± 6.4). 36.6% had dental fear, whereas less than third (25.8%) had anxiety. In the final binary regression model, factors significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having dental caries were being older (AOR = 3.3, C.I. 1.4-8.1, p-value 0.008), having lower education (AOR 0.4, C.I. 0.2-0.8, p-value 0.006), and exhibiting poor oral hygiene (AOR = 0.4, C.I. 0.2-0.8, p-value 0.006). Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries in this clinical cohort was determined to be high as reported by previous studies. The primary risk factors for dental caries were age, lower educational attainment, and inadequate oral hygiene, whereas dental fear and anxiety showed no correlation with dental caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13111744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative radioprotective effects of ascorbic acid and telmisartan, alone and in combination, on gamma-irradiated mandibular bone: an experimental rat study.","authors":"Lobna M Abdel-Aziz, Radwa M Esmail, Heba Abdelfatah, Amira I Sayed","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00148-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00148-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was purposed to assess the radioprotective influences of ascorbic acid and Telmisartan, solitary and in combination, on rats exposed to gamma radiation. After different treatment regimens, the study assessed radiographic and histopathological outcomes in bone tissue. Four groups of forty male albino rats were created casually (n = 10). All groups were subjected to fractionated gamma radiation (6 Gy), 2 Gy day after day, three times per week. Group 1 (R) was subjected to fractionated gamma radiation only. Group 2 (MR) received Telmisartan 12 mg/kg orally once/day for 7 days before radiation. Group 3 (CR) received 200 mg/kg orally once/day for 7 days, Ascorbic Acid before radiation. Group 4 (MCR) received Telmisartan 12 mg/kg orally once/day for 7 days, and Ascorbic Acid 200 mg/kg orally once/day for 7 days before radiation. All groups were divided into two subgroups based on two-time intervals (3 days and 10 days). The efficacy of the treatments was evaluated through histological analysis and CBCT, or cone beam computed tomography, for bone density examination. Radiographically, the highest values of bone density measured after 3 days were for the MCR group, while the lowest values of bone density measured after 3 days were for the R group. The histological examination revealed a notable distinction between the 4 groups, with enhanced early matrix deposition in the MCR group at 3 days. The Haversian canals appeared wide and filled with RBCs; also, many reversal lines can be easily noticed and showing that the bone is highly compact with stenosis of Haversian canals at 10 days. A Combination of ascorbic acid with telmisartan demonstrated superiority over ascorbic acid and telmisartan monotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of single-application topical doxycycline for recurrent aphthous stomatitis.","authors":"Faisal AlMutairi, Sarah AlShammari, Hala Alanazi, Saleh AlWatban, Nada AlZahrani, Naif AlFadhil, Faris AlShammari, Reem AlHurayyis, Norah AlShammari, Ghadi AlShehri, Asmaa Faden, Nassr Meflhi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00157-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00157-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), an oral mucosal pathosis, can interfere with patients' quality of life, mainly due to its recurrent nature. The etiology of RAS remains unclear and its management is challenging. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the efficacy of a single topical application of doxycycline to treat RAS. Online search of the Scopus, Medline (via PubMed), Embase and Google Scholar databases was performed from May to September 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected, eligible studies were conducted for healthy patients with the primary diagnosis of RAS who received the treatment. Primary outcomes (Pain scores & healing times) were extracted. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias (ROB) tool was used for quality control. The data were synthesized and a meta-analysis was performed. Five RCTs were included in the systematic review and three were included in the meta-analysis. Two were excluded for insufficient sample size. The overall average healing times in the control and doxycycline groups were 2.695 ± 0.731 and 1.677 ± 0.588 days, respectively (p = 0.274). Additionally, mean pain scores in the control and doxycycline groups were 2.718 ± 0.466 and 2.039 ± 0.790, respectively (p = 0.291). However, one study revealed a significant effect in healing time (0.032). Topical doxycycline appears to have a clinical role in RAS treatment, despite the small number of available clinical studies. Further controlled clinical trials are warranted to confirm study findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface and fracture properties of lithium disilicate and resin-Matrix CAD/CAM ceramics.","authors":"Ayat G Montaser, Sara Tamimi, Shimaa A El Saeed, Ahmed D Abogabal, Ahmed Y Allam, Suad M Hassan, Sally N El Adawy, Amany H Elzoka","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00145-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00145-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize hardness and fracture toughness of ceramic CAD/CAM materials with different composition (IPS e.max CAD and MAZIC Duro) and thicknesses (1mm and 1.5mm).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Blocks of CAD/CAM esthetic restorative materials (IPS e. max CAD \"EC\" and MAZIC Duro \"MD\"), forty discs were fabricated with dimensions of 10 mm × 1 mm and 10 mm × 1.5 mm. All discs were prepared using a precision cutting machine. Discs were then subjected to hardness, fracture toughness tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and Two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). For hardness test, at 1 mm and 1.5mm thicknesses, MAZIC Duro (MD) recorded a not statistically significant higher mean value of hardness (459.836 ± 20.549 HV) (468.818 ± 17.574 HV) compared to IPS e.max CAD (EC) (456.596 ± 38.102 HV) (463.346 ± 11.399 HV) (p = 0.816 and p = 0.420, respectively). For fracture toughness test, at 1 mm thickness, MAZIC Duro (MD) recorded a highly statistically significant higher mean value of fracture toughness (5.360 ± 0.133 MPa) compared to IPS e.max CAD (EC) (4.744 ± 0.151 MPa) (p < 0.001). While at 1.5 mm thickness, MAZIC Duro (MD) recorded a not statistically significant higher mean value of fracture toughness (5.291 ± .089 MPa) compared to IPS e.max CAD (EC) (5.285 ± 0.330 MPa) (p = 0.956).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MAZIC Duro (MD) showed slightly higher hardness than IPS e.max CAD (EC) at both 1 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses, but the difference was not statistically significant. For fracture toughness, MD was highly significant at 1 mm thickness, while at 1.5 mm, both materials performed similarly with no significant difference.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TruNatomy versus protaper gold for postoperative pain in pulpitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Abdulaziz Owayed, Bader E Alkandari, Latifah Abdulrahman Al-Ali, Dalal Jamal Al-Toorah, Mohammad A Mohammad, Ali Fayeq Khajah, Abdullah A AlHajeri, Wed S Alkandari, Zahraa M Ashkanani, Sayed Ahmad Al-Zelzelah, Hashem Ismael Ashkanani","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00154-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00154-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root canal treatment aims to eliminate organisms within the canal system through the removal of pulp tissue, infected dentin, and necrotic materials. However, experiencing pain or swelling after root canal operations can be a significant concern. Minimally invasive (MI) techniques, such as the TruNatomy rotary file system, are intended to preserve tooth structure. However, conventional systems, such as ProTaper Gold rotary file system, aim for complete debridement. In this meta-analysis, we aim to assess the efficacy of the TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold in reducing postoperative pain. In November 2025, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TruNatomy to ProTaper Gold in adult patients with pulpitis. For the meta-analysis, we used R 4.5.0 with R Studio 2024.12.1 + 563. Using a random-effects model, we evaluated dichotomous data using risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI); whereas continuous data were analyzed using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI. Visual inspection of the forest plot was used to determine statistical heterogeneity between trials, in addition to I-squared (I2) and chi-squared (Chi2) statistics. Our analysis included four RCTs comprising 381 patients. Pooled analysis showed no statistically significant difference between TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold in pain intensity at 24 h (SMD = 0.03, 95% CI -0.17; 0.23), 48 h (SMD = 0.13, 95% CI -0.16; 0.42), or 72 h (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI -1.33; 0.14). There was no significant difference between the two groups in analgesic intake (RR = 1.2, 95% CI 0.70; 2.06). Also, the presence of postoperative pain at 24 and 48 h was similar in both groups. The results showed low statistical heterogeneity for most outcomes; however, the results should be interpreted with consideration of the clinical variability between the included studies. According to our data, the TruNatomy showed no superiority over ProTaper Gold rotary file systems in managing postoperative pain following root canal therapy. The choice of either approach may be based on other criteria, such as dentin preservation or operator preference. Thus, future large-scale clinical trials should validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional effects of Zizyphus mauritiana leaf extract on oral pathogens and wound healing: an integrative in vitro and in vivo study.","authors":"Wiwiek Poedjiastoeti, Rachendra Pratama, Irvan Septrian Syah Putra Rasad, Indrayadi Gunardi, Jonathan Agung Suryowinahyu, Felicia Klarissa Tanzil, Armelia Sari Widyarman, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00168-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00168-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-extraction infections and delayed oral wound healing remain clinical challenges due to bacterial biofilms, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Natural plant-derived compounds offer promising alternatives to conventional antimicrobials. Zizyphus mauritiana (daun bidara), widely used in traditional Indonesian medicine, has not been comprehensively evaluated for its potential role in oral infection control and wound repair. This study investigated the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Z. mauritiana (ZM) leaves using both in vitro and in vivo models. The antibacterial activity of ZM extract was tested against Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Treponema denticola using the microdilution method to determine minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations. Antibiofilm activity was assessed using a 96-well plate biofilm assay and confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay to determine the IC₅₀ value. For in vivo evaluation, gels containing 50% and 100% ZM extract were applied to tooth extraction sockets in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24). On day 3, wounds were analyzed for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels by ELISA and for histological inflammation using immunohistochemistry (IHC). ZM extract exhibited strong antibacterial activity (MIC = 125-500 mg/mL; MBC = 250-500 mg/mL) and significantly inhibited biofilm formation (p < 0.05). The extract showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 0.13703 mg/mL). In vivo, the 50% ZM gel markedly reduced TNF-α levels (118.7 pg/mL) and produced sparse IHC staining, indicating reduced inflammation and improved healing. Ethanolic extract of Zizyphus mauritiana leaves demonstrates multifunctional bioactivities and holds promise as a natural therapeutic agent for managing oral infections and enhancing post-extraction wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and causes of indirect veneer failure: a retrospective analysis from a university dental hospital.","authors":"Khulood Almansour, Mai Alhamdan, Ali Alarabi, Ahmed AlManqur, Yazeed Altamimi, Nassr Al-Maflehi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00171-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00171-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indirect veneers are widely used as an esthetic restorative option in dentistry however, complications may occur leading to failure and the need for replacement. Understanding the prevalence and contributing factors to veneer failure is essential for proper diagnosis and for improving clinical outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns, and causes of indirect veneer failures among patients receiving replacement restorations at the Dental University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 194 replaced veneer restorations. Data extracted from patient records included patient demographics, tooth location, type of failure, survival duration, veneer material, cement type, and preparation design. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were used to evaluate failure distribution across clinical and material-related variables. Associations between all variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Veneer failure was more common in females (79.9%) than males (20.1%). Failures occurred more frequently in posterior teeth (65.5%) and in the maxilla (57.7%). Age-related peaks were observed at 44 years (20.6%), 38 years (10.3%), and 47 years (10.3%). Most failures occurred after 6-7 years of service. The most frequent cause was dimensional error in veneer size or shape (58.2%), followed by discoloration (21.1%). Lithium disilicate veneers accounted for the highest proportion of replacements in the study sample (64.4%), porcelain was more fracture-susceptible (10.3%), and zirconia showed higher debonding and shade mismatch (8.3% each). Failures were most common in veneers with incisal edge coverage (36.6%), followed by prep-less (32.5%) and minimal preparation designs (30.9%). Indirect veneer failures were predominantly associated with dimensional complications and discoloration, especially in lithium disilicate restorations and designs involving incisal edge coverage. These findings highlight the importance of careful case selection to enhance long-term veneer success.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13083749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}