Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"Performance of large language models in providing patient- oriented information on gingival recession: a comparative study.","authors":"Sultan Albeshri","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00247-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00247-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients are increasingly turning to large language models (LLMs) for health information, but the quality of patient-oriented information remains uncertain. This article evaluated the performance of three major LLMs in answering clinically relevant patient's questions related to gingival recession. A descriptive comparative study was carried out utilizing twenty standardized patient-centered questions related to gingival recession. Each question was submitted once to ChatGPT 5.5, Gemini 3.5, and Claude Sonnet 5, generating 60 responses. Five board-certified periodontists independently evaluated the responses using the validated Accuracy of Information (AOI) Index, a completeness scale, and expert preference rankings. Word count and response generation time were also recorded. Non-parametric tests and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were applied for statistical analysis, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. No significant differences were found among the three LLMs in accuracy (p = 0.993) or completeness (p = 0.972). ChatGPT generated responses significantly faster (median: 5.82 s) and with fewer words (median: 232) than Gemini (8.46 s; 438 words) and Claude (14.61 s; 333.5 words) (both p < 0.001). Expert preference rankings differed significantly (p = 0.002): Gemini and Claude were each ranked first in 38% of evaluations, compared with 24% for ChatGPT. For all three models, the highest accuracy was observed in Post-treatment Care. The three LLMs offered broadly comparable levels of accuracy and completeness when answering patient-oriented questions with respect to gingival recession. ChatGPT was faster and more concise, while Gemini and Claude were more often preferred by the expert evaluators. These LLMs may be useful as adjuncts to patient education, but they should complement rather than replace professional periodontal consultation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective CBCT-based anatomical assessment of mandibular first and second molars: a cross-sectional study with potential implications for immediate implant planning.","authors":"Badr Othman","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00257-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00257-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immediate implant placement in mandibular molar sockets can shorten treatment and reduce the number of surgical interventions, but the anatomy of the posterior mandible may limit implant positioning and increase surgical risk. This study evaluated six cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-derived anatomical parameters in mandibular first and second molars. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 25 CBCT scans from 25 adults, providing 100 molar sites (#36, #37, #46, and #47). Buccal bone thickness, crestal bone width, crestal bone height loss, vertical bone height, root apex-to-inferior alveolar canal (IAC) distance, and interradicular distance were measured. The data were analyzed using 2 × 2 repeated-measures analyses of variance with molar type and side as within-subject factors. Pairwise comparisons were Holm-adjusted. Inter-examiner reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Inter-examiner reliability was excellent for all parameters (ICC range, 0.907-0.988). Second molars had greater buccal bone thickness (mean difference, 0.352 mm; 95% CI, 0.186-0.518; p < 0.001) and crestal bone width (0.786 mm; 95% CI, 0.367-1.205; p = 0.001). First molars had greater vertical bone height (1.724 mm; 95% CI, 1.050-2.398; p < 0.001), root apex-to-IAC distance (0.802 mm; 95% CI, 0.261-1.343; p = 0.005), and interradicular distance (0.924 mm; 95% CI, 0.655-1.193; p < 0.001). Crestal bone height loss did not differ significantly by molar type. Mandibular first and second molars demonstrated distinct CBCT-derived anatomical patterns in this selected dentate sample. These measurements may be informative for preoperative anatomical assessment. Their value for selecting implant dimensions or osteotomy positions, or predicting clinical outcomes, was not evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Average annual occupational radiation exposure among dental staff: a 3-years retrospective observational study.","authors":"Erada Almotiri, Sarra Alsabr, Amal Aljehani, Ebtesam Alsumairi, Sharifah Alharthi, Farrah Alnajjar, Fahad Khalifa","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00258-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00258-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic radiography is indispensable in modern dentistry for its diagnostic and therapeutic value, yet it presents potential health risks to healthcare providers from long-term occupational radiation exposure. This retrospective study aimed to quantify the average annual occupational radiation doses received by dental staff members at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital (KFAFH) from 2022 to 2024, evaluate exposure variations across clinical specialties, and assess personnel compliance regarding Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) badge utilization. The study cohort comprised all active dental professionals (N = 277) enrolled in the institutional radiation safety program. Longitudinal dosimetry data were extracted from centralized monitoring records. Deep personal dose equivalents Hp(10) and shallow personal dose equivalents Hp(0.07) were monitored quarterly and annually using lithium fluoride detector crystals (LiF: Mg, Ti). Statistical tracking utilized a repeated-measures design via IBM SPSS Statistics. Over the three-year tracking period, the median annual cumulative Hp(10) dose rose from 0.00 mSv (Q1, Q3: 0.00, 0.00) in 2022 to 0.10 mSv (Q1, Q3: 0.00, 0.11) in 2023, reaching 0.34 mSv (Q1, Q3: 0.16, 0.45) in 2024. Concurrently, median annual Hp(0.07) doses shifted from 0.00 mSv (2022) to 0.10 mSv (2023) and 0.29 mSv (2024). Extremity radiation exposure remained at an absolute baseline of 0.00 mSv across all years. Multi-variable analysis revealed no statistically significant variations in dose metrics among clinical specialties (p > 0.05). All observed occupational metrics remained profoundly beneath the annual dose thresholds recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Occupational radiation exposure at KFAFH is exceptionally low and structurally well-controlled. The statistically significant temporal increase in recorded doses from 2022 to 2024 is indicative of enhanced behavioral compliance in consistent TLD badge utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149208067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality, understandability, and actionability of Arabic web-based content on periodontal and related oral surgical procedures: a cross-sectional infodemiological study.","authors":"Abdulaziz Alhossan, Hani Almoharib, Abdulaziz Alblaihess, Yousef Kareem, Fahad Alsaigh, Abdullah Bakarman, Abdullah Almutairi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00256-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00256-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arabic-language health content has grown quickly online, but how well it serves patients considering periodontal and related oral surgery is unknown. This study assessed the quality, understandability, and actionability of Arabic web pages on six commonly searched procedures. We entered six lay Arabic search terms into Google, each in a single session, and screened the records against predefined criteria. Three calibrated dental interns appraised the eligible pages with the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials (PEMAT-P) and the four JAMA benchmarks, scoring each subscale on the applicable items as the User's Guide directs. Groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn post-hoc comparisons, and effect sizes are reported. We screened 222 records and included 148. Of the 74 exclusions, most were purely commercial content (n = 39) or unedited machine translation (n = 34). Commercial providers published 79 pages (53.4%), non-profit and governmental bodies 68 (45.9%), and an academic institution 1 (0.7%). Mean understandability was 62.6% (SD 14.7), with 42 pages (28.6%) adequate, and mean actionability 28.4% (SD 25.4), with 8 (5.5%) adequate. Pages met a mean of 0.93 (SD 1.00) JAMA benchmarks, two (1.4%) meeting all four and 63 (42.6%) none. Currency was met most often (41.9%), disclosure least (12.8%). In exploratory comparisons, attainment varied across terms for benchmarks (H = 16.16, p = 0.006) and understandability (H = 13.99, p = 0.016), but commercial and non-profit pages did not differ on any outcome. Arabic content on these procedures was moderately understandable but rarely actionable, seldom attributed or dated, and almost never from an academic source. These findings describe pages retrieved by six lay Google searches, not Arabic web content as a whole. The remedy is for dental faculties, professional associations, and health authorities serving Arabic-speaking populations to publish dated, attributed, step-by-step material indexed under the lay terms patients search.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in orthodontics: clinical maturity, evidence gaps, and emerging applications-a narrative review.","authors":"Kanza Chandio, Laiba Iftikhar, Anum Shehzad, Ifrah Rao, Minahil Waseem, Muhammad Anas, Muhammad Farrukh, Ammar Al Shalabi, Sameh Talaat, Sinan Sen, Fatma Hassanein, Tarek Elshazly","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00249-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00249-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming orthodontics by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, supporting clinical decision-making, and facilitating digital workflows. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of current AI technologies and their applications in orthodontics, including diagnostic imaging, treatment planning, treatment monitoring, patient communication, education, and emerging generative AI tools. The available evidence indicates that automated cephalometric landmark detection and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) segmentation have among the most advanced technical and external-validation evidence bases in orthodontic AI, whereas digital-model analysis has demonstrated high technical performance but more limited independent validation. However, no application met the predefined criteria for higher clinical maturity because prospective clinical effectiveness remained insufficiently established. Other emerging or experimental applications include AI-assisted treatment planning, remote monitoring, large language models (LLMs), and robotic systems, for which evidence remains predominantly retrospective, technical, feasibility-based, or early clinical. However, much of the current evidence is derived from retrospective studies, technical validation investigations, and proof-of-concept reports, with limited prospective clinical data demonstrating improvements in treatment quality, efficiency, or long-term patient outcomes. Important challenges remain regarding data quality, algorithmic bias, external validation, explainability, patient privacy, and regulatory oversight. Overall, AI should currently be regarded as a clinician-supervised decision-support tool rather than a replacement for professional expertise. Future progress is likely to depend on robust prospective clinical trials, transparent reporting, and responsible integration of AI into evidence-based orthodontic practice and the broader digital transformation of dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulp calcification and pulp canal obliteration: from biological mechanisms to contemporary clinical management and digital navigation.","authors":"Yong Ding, Qin Ye","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00253-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00253-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulp calcification and pulp canal obliteration (PCO) can complicate canal identification and endodontic access. This structured narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the biological mechanisms, epidemiology, systemic, medication-related, and genetic associations, and clinical management of pulp calcification and PCO. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception to August 27, 2026. Literature for the narrative sections was selected for its relevance to the review topics, whereas the clinical comparison of freehand and navigation-assisted access used a focused, structured search with defined eligibility criteria. Case reports and case series meeting the focused-synthesis criteria also informed complex clinical scenarios, failed canal localization, procedural complications, and rescue pathways. The review evaluates the limitations of the available evidence and proposes a clinically oriented framework for treatment indication, preoperative assessment, access planning, technique selection, and complication management. Current evidence suggests that navigation may improve trajectory control in selected cases. However, calcification alone does not indicate treatment, and clinicians should use digital approaches selectively after case-specific assessment and with clinician verification. Further studies should standardize terminology and outcomes and evaluate patient-centered, long-term, safety, and cost-effectiveness outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why does digitally predicted tooth movement fail? the biology-digital mismatch in orthodontics: a critical narrative review.","authors":"Ahmed A Alsulaiman","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00252-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00252-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digital orthodontics has advanced through intraoral scanning, CAD/CAM, virtual planning, and clear aligners; however, discrepancies remain between predicted and actual tooth movements. This narrative review critically examined the biological and biomechanical factors underlying the limited predictability of digitally planned orthodontic treatment. A structured literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted and peer-reviewed articles were critically analyzed. Current digital systems primarily operate on geometric and algorithm-based models that assume linear and standardized tooth movements, whereas actual orthodontic tooth movements are governed by nonlinear biological processes, including periodontal ligament remodeling, bone turnover, mechanotransduction pathways, and substantial patient-specific variability. Clinical evidence shows a lower predictability for torque, extrusion, intrusion, and rotation than for tipping and expansion. The limitations of biomechanical models, force decay, and tracking loss are discussed along with AI applications in treatment planning. Future progress will require the integration of biological profiling, adaptive biomechanics, and AI-driven systems to enhance precision and manage patient expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between peri-implant soft tissue characteristics and peri-implant health and mucositis: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tugba Sahin, Nazurah Binti Nik Eezammuddeen","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00250-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00250-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of keratinized tissue width, gingival thickness, and phenotype on peri-implant tissue health and to investigate their association with peri-implant mucositis. A total of 316 implants (165 individuals) were included in the study. Clinical and periodontal parameters, including plaque and gingival indices, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level, were recorded. The keratinized tissue width, gingival thickness, and gingival phenotype were assessed and compared between the peri-implant health and peri-implant mucositis groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of peri-implant mucositis and gingival characteristics. The keratinized tissue width did not significantly differ between the peri-implant health and mucositis groups (p > .05). The gingival thickness and phenotype were significantly different (p < .05 and p > .05, respectively), but the effect size for gingival thickness was small (Cohen's d = 0.27), indicating limited clinical importance. Logistic regression showed that plaque, gingival indices, gingival thickness, and gingival phenotype predicted peri-implant mucositis. Increased gingival thickness, plaque, and gingival indices were associated with a higher risk of mucositis, whereas a thin gingival phenotype was associated with a reduced risk. Attachment level was the only significant predictor of keratinized tissue width > 2 mm, whereas no variables significantly predicted gingival thickness. Although gingival thickness and phenotype were statistically associated with peri-implant mucositis, their clinical contribution was limited. Plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation remained the strongest predictors of peri-implant disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of root canal morphology in primary mandibular molars: a retrospective study with clinical implications for pediatric endodontics.","authors":"Yifan Chen, Hai Ming Wong, Kun Wang, Cheng Li, Juan Liu, Ni Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00248-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00248-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study aims to evaluate the root canal morphology (RCM) of mandibular primary molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. The participants were pediatric patients who received CBCT examinations at a public hospital during their dental visits. Information regarding children's age and gender was pooled from the dental records. Root canal counts, root counts, root length, and orifice distribution patterns of the eligible mandibular primary molars were analyzed by two calibrated pediatric dentists. A total of 398 mandibular primary molars were identified from 117 children. These molars had 2 to 4 roots. Two roots were observed among 88.59% of first primary molars (Ds) and 77.57% of second primary molars (Es). Three canals were most frequently observed among first mandibular primary molars, whereas the second mandibular molars predominantly had four canals. Boys had longer mesial roots than girls (p = 0.003). Molars with 5 canals presented with longer distal roots (9.08 ± 0.68) than molars with two canals (6.63 ± 0.83, adjusted p = 0.003) or three canals (7.50 ± 1.31, adjusted p = 0.049). Canal count was associated with tooth type (p < 0.001), root count (p < 0.001), and orifice distribution pattern (p < 0.001). Diverse RCMs were observed among mandibular primary molars. Clinicians should be aware that mandibular second primary molars, particularly those with ≥ 3 roots, or with trapezoidal or rectangular orifice distribution patterns, are at high risk for missed canals during pulpectomy, as they are likely to have four or more canals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of adding a pericardium membrane to the bioactive shield technique in vestibular socket therapy for immediate implant placement in Type II alveolar sockets: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Hanan Mohamed Reda Mahmoud, Hatem Hussein Al-Ahmady, Doaa Adel Habba, Nuhayra Ashour Mohammed Alzayani, Jazia A Alblowi, Lobna Mohamed Abdelaziz","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00219-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00219-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation aimed to compare the efficacy of a slowly resorbable cortical laminar bone membrane (CLBM), used either in isolation or in combination with a pericardium membrane, alongside an enriched bone graft. The treatment was to ascertain improvements in buccal plate thickness, buccal plate height, and soft-tissue thickness after immediate dental implant placement into Type II alveolar sockets managed with VST. Thirty participants with type II alveolar sockets were randomly assigned to two experimental cohorts. They received immediate implants with CLBM after sticky bone application in group A. In group B, they received coverage with a pericardium membrane after application of CLBM and sticky bone. All participants underwent periodic clinical and radiographic assessments over a six-month follow-up duration. At 6 months, Group B showed a statistically significant augmentation in buccal bone thickness at the coronal (p-value = 0.04) and midpoint (p-value = 0.02). Furthermore, Group A manifested a highly significant decrease in buccal plate height (p-value = 0.002). Soft tissue thickness shows a non-significant reduction in soft tissue values in group A(p-value = 0.36) and a significant increase in group B (p- value = < 0.001). The integration of a pericardial membrane with a cortical lamellar bone membrane and an autologous fibrin-rich bone graft demonstrated a synergistic effect, culminating in superior alveolar bone preservation. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06867848.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}