Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"The effect of different pretreatments and cleaning methods prior to adhesive cementation of lithium disilicate restorations. In vitro study","authors":"Abdulmajeed O. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Hatem Alshammari ,&nbsp;Christel Larsson ,&nbsp;Evaggelia Papia","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of adhesively cemented lithium disilicate restorations to dentin by applying different pretreatments and cleaning methods<em>.</em></div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>Twenty-five human posterior teeth were mounted in an acrylic mold, flattened to expose mid-coronal dentin, and divided into five groups based on different pretreatments and cleaning methods prior to adhesive cementation. After cementation, the teeth were sectioned to obtain 1 mm² specimens, yielding 15 specimens in each group that were subjected to aging and thermocycling process, followed by a microtensile bond test and failure mode assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest bond strength values were in the control group and in the group that was treated with fluoride and where the temporary cement was removed using pumice, whereas the lowest values were in groups that were cleaned by excavator irrespective of whether they were treated with fluoride or not. However, all groups showed mainly cohesive failure without any statistically significant differences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To eliminate any possible negative impact of eugenol on adhesion to dentin, surface cleaning by rotational brush and pumice is recommended prior to cementing lithium disilicate restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1623-1626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colour stability comparison between ormocer nanohybrid composites and udma-based nanocomposites after immersion in coffee – Experimental study","authors":"Julia Elizabeth Guy ,&nbsp;Tawfiq Hijazi Alsadi ,&nbsp;Susana Muwaquet Rodriguez","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Colour stability of composite materials is an essential property that greatly influences the longevity of dental restorations. Once in the oral cavity, dental materials must provide a stain resistance ability against environmental exposures, such as coffee. This experimental study compares the colour stability of two composite resin materials with differing nanocompositions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Analyze the effect of coffee on the colour stability of nanohybrid composites and nanocomposites.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>40 composites discs were utilized in total, with 20 fabricated of an Ormocer-based nanohybrid composite (Admira Fusion) and 20 of a UDMA-based nanocomposite (Normofill nanoceram) in shade A2. 10 discs of each material were then immersed in coffee or water for 12 days. Colour measurements were taken before and after the staining period using a VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer. The colour difference (ΔE) of both composites was calculated using the CIE L*a*b* values.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both Ormocer-based nanohybrid composites (Admira Fusion) and UDMA-based nanocomposites (Normo fill nanoceram) exhibited a colour change after the 12-day period. The UDMA-based nanocomposite (Normo fill nanoceram) exhibited significantly more discolouration compared to the Ormocer-based nanohybrid composite (Admira Fusion).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, there was a significant difference in colour generated by immersion in coffee as compared to water. Additionally, the Ormocer-based nanohybrid composite (Admira Fusion) exhibited significantly greater colour stability as compared to the UDMA-based nanocomposite (Normo fill nanoceram).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1627-1634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of Omega-3 and CoQ10 as adjuncts to periodontal therapy and total antioxidant capacity of saliva in patients with chronic periodontitis: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial","authors":"Amirhossein Farahmand ,&nbsp;Marjan Talebi ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Ramezani ,&nbsp;Roghayeh Karami ,&nbsp;Zahra Jafari Nodoushani ,&nbsp;Neda Alsadat Ayatollahi ,&nbsp;Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi ,&nbsp;Arezoo Alaee","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The dental community has shown interest in the potential of Omega-3 and coenzyme Q10 for reducing inflammation in the periodontium. These antioxidant agents may enhance the outcomes of non-surgical periodontal treatments. This study aimed to investigate the potential benefits of CoQ10 and Omega-3 supplements in improving periodontal health and the TAC of saliva in individuals with chronic periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 75 individuals were diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. These individuals were randomly allocated into three groups. The periodontal examination involved a total of 300 teeth across the three groups. The periodontal parameters of the two molars adjacent to the mandible were measured using a periodontal probe. All patients underwent scaling and root planing. Groups A and B received CoQ10 and Omega-3 respectively, while Group C served as the control. The TAC of the non-stimulated saliva samples was evaluated to assess any changes before and after 2 months. Statistical techniques were employed to compare the CAL index and PPD between the groups under study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis of the gingival index indicated a notable reduction in inflammation within the Omega-3 group compared to both the CoQ10 and control groups, with a nearly 30% decrease observed. Furthermore, the bleeding on probing index within the Omega-3 group demonstrated significant improvements when contrasted with the CoQ10 and control groups, with this decrease being statistically significant. Additionally, the levels of TAC in the patients’ saliva across all three groups exhibited changes when compared to the initial measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic effects of Omega-3 and CoQ10 supplementation on periodontal health and the antioxidant capacity of saliva.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1509-1514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-computed and cone beam-computed tomographies for identification of Canals’ morphological patterns of mandibular canines in Egyptian and Saudi Subpopulations: A comparative study","authors":"Manal Mohamed Abdelbaki ,&nbsp;Mey A. Al-Habib ,&nbsp;Mona Abdulaziz Alsulaiman ,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdel Rahman Hashem","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1515-1520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of oral lesions and dental health in HIV-positive Saudi patients","authors":"Khalid Al Zoman ,&nbsp;Khawlah Alshunaifi ,&nbsp;Muteb Al-Mutairi ,&nbsp;Hesham Altamimi ,&nbsp;Atheer Binzoman ,&nbsp;Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Alrajhi ,&nbsp;Yusra Tashkandy ,&nbsp;Maha Al-Mozaini ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz S. Al Suwyed ,&nbsp;Sultan Abdulaziz Al Mubarak","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Oral lesions are a serious complication of HIV infection and serve as clinical indicators of disease status. We conducted the current study to assess the prevalence of oral lesions and teeth condition in individuals with HIV in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 264 patients recruited from the HIV dental clinic between January 2019 and March 2020. Participants were adults (aged ≥ 18 years) of Saudi nationality. We included 115 patients who were HIV-1 seropositive and149 matched healthy patients. Data were collected through patient interviews using a comprehensive questionnaire. Oral examinations were performed using artificial light, mouth mirrors, tweezers, gauzes, and wooden tongue depressors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average age of HIV-infected individuals was 43.22 ± 13.68 years, with 53.8 % being male. Dry mouth was more prevalent in HIV patients than in the control group (49.6 % vs. 33.1 %, p = 0.007). HIV patients demonstrated poorer oral hygiene, with fewer brushing their teeth at least twice daily (32.2 % vs. 50.3 %, p = 0.002) and a higher percentage not brushing regularly (23.5 % vs. 11.4 %, p = 0.011). Within the HIV cohort, the occurrence of dry mouth significantly correlated with dentition status. Neutrophil counts were significantly correlated with the type of screening test performed (r = 0.235; p = 0.011), antiretroviral medication (r = -0.205; p = 0.028), erythematous candidiasis (r = -0.192; p = 0.039), and the presence of hairy leukoplakia (r = -0.187; p = 0.046).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HIV-positive individuals in KSA have poorer oral health and dentition status compared to healthy controls. Effective policies are needed to ensure adequate dental health in this high-risk group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1601-1605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesion of Candida albicans on preformed crowns used to restore primary molars: An in vitro study","authors":"Eman A. Bakhurji ,&nbsp;Doaa M. AlEraky ,&nbsp;Hend Alshammary ,&nbsp;Marwah Alamoudi ,&nbsp;Nabras Alrayes ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Assessing microbial biofilm adhesion to the restorative material’s surface is a key factor in determining its success. This study aimed to compare the adhesion of <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>) on stainless steel crowns (SSCs) versus zirconia crowns (ZCs) used for primary molars.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This in vitro study involved 20 full-coverage crowns, with 10 SSCs and 10 ZCs. A fungal adhesion assay was performed to evaluate <em>C. albicans</em> adhesion, using colony-forming units (CFU) and cell proliferation assays.</div></div><div><h3>Statistics</h3><div>The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test was applied to compare the groups, with statistical significance set at 5 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed that SSCs had a lower mean CFU value (28.28 ± 4.557 CFU/ml) and cell proliferation rate (49.74 ± 0.4367) compared to the ZC group (30.70 ± 11.0760 CFU/ml and 74.53 ± 0.7014, respectively). However, these differences were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that the selection of crowns for restoring primary molars may not be influenced by <em>C. albicans</em> adhesion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1539-1543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregivers’ perceptions, beliefs and behavior influence dental caries experience in children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative study","authors":"Ninuk Hariyani ,&nbsp;Oktarina ,&nbsp;Lily Azura Shoaib ,&nbsp;Maryani Mohamed Rohani ,&nbsp;Kamal Maher Batra Hanna ,&nbsp;Hyewon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>While many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience dental caries, some of them are caries-free. This study aimed to understand the caregivers’ oral health perceptions, beliefs, and behavior that could influence dental caries experience in children with ASD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The qualitative study was part of a study employing a mixed-methods design conducted to explore the severity and risk factors for caries experience. Individual interviews and two focus group discussions (FGD) involving caregivers of children with ASD aged 5–18 years were conducted. The caregivers’ perception of caries risks, oral care beliefs and behavior were explored. Interviews and FGDs recordings were transcribed and then analyzed thematically by two independent coders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two caregivers provided their thoughts. The study found that caries experience was influenced by fatalistic belief, low self-efficacy and control. Caregivers of children with dental caries thought that caries is not dangerous. Caregivers experienced social pressure to provide their ASD children with what they want<strong><em>.</em></strong> Conversely, Caregivers of caries-free ASD children thought that strict commitment from an early age was needed to prevent caries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support that caregivers’ perceptions, beliefs and behavior influence dental caries experience in children with ASD which might need the clinicians’ consideration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1533-1538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saudi Arabia’s contribution to systematic reviews in dentistry: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Swapna Munaga ,&nbsp;Aram Alshehri ,&nbsp;Ikram Ul-Haq ,&nbsp;Sara Kalagi ,&nbsp;Rajkiran Chitumalla ,&nbsp;Kiran Iyer","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><div>Bibliometric is a quantitative assessment method to identify prevailing trends and patterns of publications in a particular field of study. Systematic Reviews (SRs) give an in-depth study of the literature and the most comprehensive overview of the desired research subject. This study aimed to review the bibliometric properties of SRs published by the dentists of Saudi Arabia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Relevant dataset of SRs on dentistry with at least one author affiliated with Saudi Arabia from PubMed database was obtained. Each document of the retrieved data was screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The citation metric was collected from Google Scholar.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 625 SRs published from the year 2007 to 2023 were included. The average number of citations for each of these SRs is 25.54. Though a low productivity was observed until 2017, the number of SRs published has increased in the previous three years. SRs in Prosthodontics were the most prevalent. The SRs with the first author from Saudi Arabia and internationally collaborated gained a higher citation impact. Most of the SRs were published in the Saudi Dental Journal. Authors from King Saud University contributed to more than a quarter of the SRs. The two nations that collaborated the most SRs were found to be United States and India.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Over the last three years, there has been significant progress in the publishing of SRs from Saudi Arabia.<!--> <!-->The bibliometric parameters identified in this study support researchers in understanding the current status of SRs publication. There is a need to increase awareness about the importance of high-evidence research in dentistry and enhance the training opportunities as well as research incentives for this kind of scientific production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1521-1526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The accuracy of digital scanners versus conventional impression in patients with cleft lip and palate: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Natthasit Pudpong ,&nbsp;Subin Puasiri ,&nbsp;Amornrut Manosudprasit","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>As the use of digital models has expanded across numerous fields, the accuracy of three-dimensional images captured by various intraoral scanners has become a key research focus. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of digital scanners (TRIOS 4, iTero Element 5D, and E2) compared with the conventional impression method (gold standard) in patients with cleft lip and palate.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Impressions were taken from 20 patients using these scanners and alginate impressions during the same session. Additionally, plaster models were created and scanned using an E2 scanner, and 50 parameters were measured using a digital caliper. All digital models were then analyzed using 3Shape software. Measurement reliability and differences among the four methods were assessed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post-hoc analysis. Subsequently, best-fit superimposition was performed to verify the deviated areas between the digital models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The plaster cast measurements and digital models obtained using three different scanners revealed high reliability (0.94–1.00). Statistically significant differences between the dental models were observed in 20 out of 50 parameters (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Mean differences in hard tissue parameters between groups ranged from −0.47 to 0.32 mm. Soft tissue parameters revealed more considerable mean differences, ranging from −1.59 to 2.55 mm. The measured palatal depth obtained from digital models was significantly higher, while the depth of the oronasal fistula was significantly lower compared to plaster models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study concluded that digital scanners have accuracy comparable to conventional methods, except for depth-related soft tissue parameters, which exhibited a high level of discrepancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1570-1576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface roughness and color change of methacrylate and ormocer-based direct composite versus indirect CAD/CAM composite blocks","authors":"Somaya Ali Saleh ,&nbsp;Danya Hashem","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the color stability and surface roughness of resin-free and resin-based nanohybrid composites after immersion in various staining media<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A resin-free ormocer composite, Admira fusion (Voco, Germany), and a methacrylate resin composite, Grandio (Voco, Germany), were used for direct composite restorations with 30 discs per material formed using a Split Teflon mold (10 mm × 2 mm). Grandio Bloc (Voco, Germany) universal indirect CAD/CAM block specimens (n = 30) were sliced to a thickness of 2 mm with a precision saw. Each material was divided into 3 groups (n = 10 each) based on the immersion solution. Specimens were soaked in coffee (Turkish coffee, Baja, Saudi Arabia), cola (Coca-Cola Co., USA), and artificial<!--> <!-->saliva. Color was evaluated before staining and after 30 days of staining using a spectrophotometer. Color change (ΔE*) was measured using the system of CIE L*a*b*. Surface roughness was determined using a stylus profilometer and represented using Atomic Force Microscopy before and after immersion in the staining solutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After immersion in the staining solutions for 30 days, the color values of all the composites changed. Group A (coffee) had the greatest effect (ΔE &gt; 5), and indirect Grandio blocs caused the greatest color change. The surface roughness values increased, particularly in group B (Coca-Cola), for all the tested materials after 30 days. Direct Grandio had a significantly higher roughness than the other materials (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Immersion in coffee resulted in considerable color change, while immersion in cola had the greatest negative impact on surface roughness in all tested restorative materials. The nanohybrid ormocer did not provide better surface integrity than conventional methacrylate-based nanohybrid composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 12","pages":"Pages 1559-1565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}