Geographical Research最新文献

{"title":"Indigenous biocultural rights and the Blue Mountains: Local and international policy challenges","authors":"Elodie Aime,&nbsp;Daniel Robinson","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12610","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indigenous knowledges play a critical role in addressing the environmental crisis, and the United Nations system has adopted a suite of international treaties to protect and strengthen Indigenous peoples’ rights, which are often described as biocultural rights. Because World Heritage Areas are nominated and monitored by UNESCO, an initial hypothesis in this study was that such areas would be subject to higher than normal standards in regard to Indigenous people’s biocultural rights. By reference to the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area, Australia, this research examined how the international legislative framework influences conservation practices. We held semi-structured interviews with conservation and Indigenous local experts and compared park management practices in the Area against those used in an Indigenous Protected Area. Findings align with the literature and suggest that Indigenous and scientific knowledge systems can generate new insights for the Area and other sites. Yet, Indigenous knowledges are only marginally applied in practice. Some barriers to full participation of Indigenous people are specific to the colonial history of the area. Yet, findings point to a lack of action by Australian governments and UNESCO, and that needs to be redressed. The study calls attention to the need to support and resource Indigenous people to enable collaborative partnerships to yield significant benefits for biodiversity and protection of Country.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 4","pages":"413-428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46951519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An enhanced descriptor extraction algorithm for power line detection from point clouds","authors":"Danesh Shokri,&nbsp;Heidar Rastiveis,&nbsp;Wayne A. Sarasua,&nbsp;Saeid Homayouni,&nbsp;Benyamin Hosseiny,&nbsp;Alireza Shams","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12604","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12604","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mobile terrestrial laser scanning (MTLS) systems provide a safe and efficient means to survey roadway corridors at high speed. MTLS point clouds are rich in planimetric data. However, manual extraction of useful information from these point clouds can be time consuming and laborious and automated object extraction from MTLS point clouds has become a hot topic in the remote sensing community. This study proposes an automated method for power line extraction from MTLS point clouds based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. The proposed method consists of three main steps: (i) point cloud preprocessing, (ii) descriptor extraction and selection, and (iii) point classification. The preprocessing step involves filtering out more than 90% of the point cloud by eliminating the vast majority of unneeded points. Next, various descriptors are extracted from the remaining points including planarity, linearity, and verticality, and the descriptor standard deviation is used to select the best-suited descriptors for power line extraction. Finally, an MLP neural network is trained using the selected descriptors from several cable and noncable sample points. The proposed algorithm was evaluated in three MTLS point clouds in urban and nonurban environments totalling 5.5 kilometres in length. An average precision of 94% and a recall of 94% showed the algorithm’s reliability and feasibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 4","pages":"480-502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48806586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent time-spaces of working from home: Lessons from pandemic geographies","authors":"Emily Orman,&nbsp;Pauline Mc̲Guirk,&nbsp;Andrew Warren","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12602","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent health regulations compelled office-based knowledge workers to work from home (WFH) <i>en masse</i>. Government and employer directives to WFH disrupted common norms of commuting to city office spaces and reshaped the geographies of office-based knowledge work, with potentially lasting implications. Pandemic-induced cohabitation of work-space and home-space saw more workers navigating the performance of paid labour in the home to produce new relational geographies of home, work, and worker. This paper provides a window on the lived experiences of the sizeable cohort of office-based knowledge workers displaced from Sydney’s CBD to undertake WFH in the Illawarra region during the pandemic. We explore the unfolding pandemic geographies of work and home by drawing together feminist economic geography and geographies of home literatures. Our analysis reveals the emergent and variegated time-spaces of WFH that emerged as the rhythms and routines of WFH shaped the home and vice versa. The analysis also reveals the differentiated agency of embodied workers to orchestrate emergent configurations of WFH, shaped by gender and by the socio-materialities of home shaped by size, tenure, and life-cycle stage. We conclude by drawing out important lines of analysis for further research as “hybrid work” evidently becomes entrenched post-COVID.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"62 1","pages":"28-44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48619569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewing the purpose of geography education: Eco-anxiety, powerful knowledge, and pathways for transformation","authors":"Julie Davidson,&nbsp;Charlotte Jones,&nbsp;Malcolm Johnson,&nbsp;Deniz Yildiz,&nbsp;Vishnu Prahalad","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12603","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Concerns about the decline in uptake of secondary geography education continue despite arguments supporting the value of geography education, the power of geographical thinking, and geography’s critical role in preparing students to deal with complex challenges. Already constrained by neoliberal politics of disadvantage, young people must plan and prepare for chaotic futures. Consequently, young people are becoming distressed and worried about their futures and feeling powerless as society fails to adequately address these issues. In this article, we ask what schools and universities can do as place-based public institutions to serve young people to effectively respond to eco-anxiety and build capacities to surf the unrelenting waves of change. We draw on journeys that brought three young doctoral candidates to study geography. From their stories, we sketch what a geographical education could offer in terms of relevance, practicality, and engagement with transformative system change. We think that under current world conditions, this is a moment to revive geography education and give it renewed purpose to encourage young people to develop skills and competences to tackle wicked problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 4","pages":"429-442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45547835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living with anthropogenic climate change: Learning from environmental history to question narratives of doom, hope, and crisis","authors":"Phil McManus","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12605","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are living with anthropogenic climate change and must address the causes and reduce the negative impacts on our planet, humans, and other species. This commentary offers a brief review of environmental history from deep time to recent waves of environmentalism demonstrating that climate change has occurred before; that people have faced perceived end times; and that predictions of doom have helped us to act to avoid that potential scenario. These are important lessons for how we may live today and into the future, given the shift from climate change denial to narratives of impending doom because we have already failed to act. The commentary presents a matrix of positions adopted in relation to climate change and environmentalism more generally, highlighting narratives of hope, doom, and urgency. While not exhaustive, these summarised positions alert us to possibilities and are intended to generate wider discussion about how we may live with anthropogenic climate change. We have to learn to live with anthropogenic climate change while addressing the causes and reducing the negative impacts on our planet, humans and on other species.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 4","pages":"525-530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48531140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epistemic silences in settler‐colonial infrastructure governance literature","authors":"R. Clements, Glenn D. Searle, T. Alizadeh","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tomorrow’s Country: Practice-oriented principles for Indigenous cultural fire research in south-east Australia","authors":"Andrea Rawluk,&nbsp;Timothy Neale,&nbsp;Will Smith,&nbsp;Tim Doherty,&nbsp;Euan Ritchie,&nbsp;Jack Pascoe,&nbsp;Minda Murray,&nbsp;Rodney Carter,&nbsp;Mick Bourke,&nbsp;Scott Falconer,&nbsp;Dale Nimmo,&nbsp;Jodi Price,&nbsp;Matt White,&nbsp;Paul Bates,&nbsp;Nathan Wong,&nbsp;Trent Nelson,&nbsp;Amos Atkinson,&nbsp;Deborah Webster","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12596","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>First Nations peoples are revitalising diverse cultural fire practices and knowledge. Institutional and societal recognition of these practices is growing. Yet there has been little academic research on these fire practices in south-east Australia, let alone research led by Aboriginal people. We are a group of Indigenous and settler academics, practitioners, and experts focused on cultural fire management in the Victorian Loddon Mallee region. Using interviews and workshops, we facilitated knowledge sharing and discussion. In this paper, we describe three practice-oriented principles to develop and maintain collaborations across Aboriginal groups, researchers, and government in the Indigenous-led revitalisation of fire on Country: relationships (creating reciprocity and trust), Country (working with place and people), and power (acknowledging structures and values). Collaborations based on these principles will be unique to each temporal, social, cultural, and geographic context. Considering our findings, we acknowledge the challenges that exist and the opportunities that emerge to constructively hold space to grow genuinely collaborative research that creates change. We suggest that the principles we identify can be applied by anyone wanting to form genuine collaborations around the world as the need for social–ecological justice grows.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 3","pages":"333-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47469832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon offsetting and renewable energy development","authors":"Alex Y. Lo","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12600","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New carbon crediting and offsetting mechanisms are being developed under the Paris Agreement. Polluters can meet their emission reduction targets by acquiring and retiring carbon offset credits. Globally, most of these credits come from renewable energy sources. However, their additionality is increasingly questionable. Global renewable electricity capacity continues to grow. Greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power generation are starting to fall, as governments and organisations pledge to curtail emissions, more capital is mobilised for energy transition, and renewable energy technologies become commercially competitive. The opportunity to earn carbon offset credits is becoming less indispensable to renewable energy development. Aggregate emissions could rise above the baseline level when polluters increase their emission budgets by using carbon credits generated from a renewable energy installation that is part of the baseline scenario. To safeguard environmental integrity, the conditions for including renewable energy in carbon crediting and offsetting schemes should be reconsidered.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 2","pages":"158-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47222951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transboundary river governance and climate vulnerability: Community perspectives in Nepal’s Koshi river basin","authors":"Kiran Maharjan","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12598","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Frequent floods in the Koshi River have left the Nepalese vulnerable to erosion and recurring inundation—especially those living on the floodplains. The situation is worsening because water flow in the river is highly uncertain, affected by rainfall in the mountains and by climate change, and influenced by the Koshi barrage, which is governed by the Koshi River Agreement, a bilateral river agreement with India. This study addresses how Koshi River governance contributes to the vulnerability of riverine communities in Nepal by drawing upon ideas about vulnerability and vulnerability mapping. A household survey and interviews were conducted in 2015 for a comparative study of people living on two river islands located upstream and downstream of the barrage. Findings remain relevant because of persistent governance challenges and growing climate change effects, escalating islanders’ vulnerability to recurrent floods. The islanders’ vulnerability was produced locally and also shaped by historical, social, economic, political, geographical, and ecological processes occurring at multiple scales. That insight highlights the need to study the broader political economy of hazard production to understand vulnerability in the context of governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 4","pages":"512-524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43434422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geography: Do we advocate enough for the discipline and profession in terms of public policy?","authors":"Elaine Stratford","doi":"10.1111/1745-5871.12599","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1745-5871.12599","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We are close on two quarters through 2023! The time has gone remarkably quickly and felt slightly disjointed. Perhaps that is because of the pattern of austral academic rhythms—leave-taking over summer, grant writing, preparing for semester one, and Easter and school holiday breaks in April. Or perhaps it is simply because academic life is busy. Either way, work related to the journal continues apace and that includes both our publication and our collaborative webinar with the Institute of Australian Geographers (IAG) and Wiley. So, before I introduce the May issue, I want to spend a little time reflecting on one of two webinars we hosted in the first part of the year. Entitled &lt;i&gt;Flourish or Flounder: the possibilities for geography education and the future of the discipline&lt;/i&gt;, the webinar was led by Susan Caldis, co-hosted by the Australian Geography Teachers’ Association (AGTA), and will be accessible here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In one discussion in the webinar, I put a question to participants about the extent to which academic and professional geographers should be advocating for the discipline in political and policy circles. The question was not intended to suggest that the IAG and AGTA were not already doing so. Both organisations’ councils have been attentive in their engagement with debates about the Australian curriculum and changes to geography, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, it is always useful to pause and ask: Are we doing enough? Could we do more? What more is needed? How would that work be done and by whom? For me, answers to the first two questions are fairly straightforward: no and yes. Thereafter, it becomes more complex and the views offered here are mine alone—an editorial privilege and responsibility not taken lightly. I have stopped short of addressing the last question on the grounds that it is beyond the journal’s remit and best left to the IAG Council and membership.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have, however, been forward enough to consider what more may be needed. So, for example, could we engage public policy experts to provide professional development to IAG members via webinar platforms? Should public policy experts be explicitly identified on the journal’s editorial board? Might it be useful to add policy insights to more of our articles where content invites that approach? Do we need more focused calls for papers on public policy scholarship in geography? Perhaps as part of their mandates, might our Institute’s study groups be asked to address public policy issues explicitly and consistently and share those with the journal? At annual IAG conferences, what would it take to have a funded lecture focused on international comparative work on geography and public policy, which might then be published in the journal following peer review?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Doubtless, there &lt;i&gt;is&lt;/i&gt; already useful and interesting scholarship on this crucial subject area, possibly starting with David Harvey’s (&lt;span&gt;1974&lt;/span&gt;) initiating paper asking, “what kind of geography ","PeriodicalId":47233,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Research","volume":"61 2","pages":"156-157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-5871.12599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45922140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}