I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.1177/20416695241245021
Hongbo Wang, Qingyu Sun, Shogo Okamoto
{"title":"Surface shape alters perceived material softness","authors":"Hongbo Wang, Qingyu Sun, Shogo Okamoto","doi":"10.1177/20416695241245021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241245021","url":null,"abstract":"When a human strokes the surface of an object with his/her finger, the surface shape influences the perceived softness of the object. This study introduced a curved surface softness illusion, which alters the perception of material softness. When a surface with curvature is felt by sliding a finger over it, it feels softer than a flat surface made of the same material. In contrast, a rugged surface is perceived as harder. This illusion indicates that, in addition to mechanical hardness, humans judge an object’s softness based on its surface shape.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1177/20416695241243319
Ronald Hübner
{"title":"Golden spiral or Fibonacci spiral: Which is more beautiful and why?","authors":"Ronald Hübner","doi":"10.1177/20416695241243319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241243319","url":null,"abstract":"Spirals, with their widespread presence in both nature and culture, are universally admired. Although there are different types, such as the Archimedean, logarithmic, and golden spirals, they are indiscriminately considered as beautiful. This universal view might explain the lack of studies investigating aesthetic differences among spirals. To show that there are indeed differences, the beauty of the golden spiral was compared with that of the Fibonacci spiral in this empirical study. Since the curvature of the golden spiral changes continuously, whereas that of the Fibonacci spiral does so in steps, the golden spiral was predicted to be aesthetically preferred. The results clearly confirmed this prediction. That the difference in preference was really based on the continuity versus discontinuity of the curvature is supported by the further result that an Archimedean spiral was preferred over a Dürer spiral, which similarly differed in their continuity.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1177/20416695241238692
Yoshihiko Tanaka, Matia Okubo
{"title":"Reversing the reversed congruency effect: directional salience overrides social significance in a spatial Stroop task","authors":"Yoshihiko Tanaka, Matia Okubo","doi":"10.1177/20416695241238692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241238692","url":null,"abstract":"In a spatial Stroop task, eye-gaze targets produce a reversed congruency effect (RCE) with faster responses when gaze direction and location are incongruent than congruent. On the other hand, non-social directional targets (e.g., arrows) elicit a spatial Stroop effect (SSE). The present study examined whether other social stimuli, such as head orientation, trigger the RCE. Participants judged the target direction of the head or the gaze while ignoring its location. While the gaze target replicated the RCE, the head target produced the SSE. Moreover, the head target facilitated the overall responses relative to the gaze target. These results suggest that the head, a salient directional feature, overrides the social significance. The RCE may be specific to gaze stimuli, not to social stimuli in general. The head and gaze information differentially affect our attentional mechanisms and enable us to bring about smooth social interactions.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blue-yellow combination enhances perceived motion in Rotating Snakes illusion","authors":"Maiko Uesaki, Arnab Biswas, Hiroshi Ashida, Gerrit Maus","doi":"10.1177/20416695241242346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241242346","url":null,"abstract":"The Rotating Snakes illusion is a visual illusion where a stationary image elicits a compelling sense of anomalous motion. There have been recurring albeit anecdotal claims that the perception of illusory motion is more salient when the image consists of patterns with the combination of blue and yellow; however, there is limited empirical evidence that supports those claims. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether the Rotating Snakes illusion is more salient in its blue-yellow variation, compared to red-green and greyscale variations when the luminance of corresponding elements within the patterns were equated. Using the cancellation method, we found that the velocity required to establish perceptual stationarity was indeed greater for the stimulus composed of patterns with a blue-yellow combination than the other two variants. Our findings provide, for the first time, empirical evidence that the presence of colour affects the magnitude of illusion in the Rotating Snakes illusion.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.1177/20416695241227857
Junya Nakamura, Yasushi Ikei, Michiteru Kitazaki
{"title":"Effects of self-avatar cast shadow and foot vibration on telepresence, virtual walking experience, and cybersickness from omnidirectional movie","authors":"Junya Nakamura, Yasushi Ikei, Michiteru Kitazaki","doi":"10.1177/20416695241227857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241227857","url":null,"abstract":"Human locomotion is most naturally achieved through walking, which is good for both mental and physical health. To provide a virtual walking experience to seated users, a system utilizing foot vibrations and simulated optical flow was developed. The current study sought to augment this system and examine the effect of an avatar's cast shadow and foot vibrations on the virtual walking experience and cybersickness. The omnidirectional movie and the avatar's walking animation were synchronized, with the cast shadow reflecting the avatar's movement on the ground. Twenty participants were exposed to the virtual walking in six conditions (with/without foot vibrations and no/short/long shadow) and were asked to rate their sense of telepresence, walking experience, and occurrences of cybersickness. Our findings indicate that the synchronized foot vibrations enhanced telepresence as well as self-motion, walking, and leg-action sensations, while also reducing instances of nausea and disorientation sickness. The avatar's cast shadow was found to improve telepresence and leg-action sensation, but had no impact on self-motion and walking sensation. These results suggest that observation of the self-body cast shadow does not directly improve walking sensation, but is effective in enhancing telepresence and leg-action sensation, while foot vibrations are effective in improving telepresence and walking experience and reducing instances of cybersickness.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-14eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695241226545
Daniel Fitousi, Daniel Algom
{"title":"The quest for psychological symmetry through figural goodness, randomness, and complexity: A selective review.","authors":"Daniel Fitousi, Daniel Algom","doi":"10.1177/20416695241226545","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695241226545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Of the four interrelated concepts in the title, only symmetry has an exact mathematical definition. In mathematical development, symmetry is a graded variable-in marked contrast with the popular binary conception of symmetry in and out of the laboratory (i.e. an object is either symmetrical or nonsymmetrical). Because the notion does not have a direct graded perceptual counterpart (experimental participants are not asked about the amount of symmetry of an object), students of symmetry have taken various detours to characterize the perceptual effects of symmetry. Current approaches have been informed by information theory, mathematical group theory, randomness research, and complexity. Apart from reviewing the development of the main approaches, for the first time we calculated associations between figural goodness as measured in the Garner tradition and measures of algorithmic complexity and randomness developed in recent research. We offer novel ideas and analyses by way of integrating the various approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695241226545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-13eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695241229019
Hans Strasburger, Nicholas J Wade
{"title":"Ewald Hering's (1879) \"On Muscle Sounds of the Eye\": A translation and commentary.","authors":"Hans Strasburger, Nicholas J Wade","doi":"10.1177/20416695241229019","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695241229019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigations of eye movements were transformed by Ewald Hering in 1879. He developed a novel method for recording them using the muscular sounds attendant on their rapid movements. Brief \"clapping\" sounds could be heard with the aid of a device like a stethoscope placed on the eyelid and they occurred when afterimages or \"floaters\" were seen to move. Hering applied the technique to record eye movements during reading and he called the rapid eye movements <i>Rucke</i> (jerks in English). Hering published a long review of eye movements and spatial vision later in 1879, but without a description of the muscle sounds. Hering's insightful article has been overlooked and a translation of it into English is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695241229019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10865949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139736379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231226157
Līga Zariņa, Jurģis Šķilters, Solvita Umbraško, Santa Bartušēvica
{"title":"Combining and segmenting geometric shapes into parts depending on symmetry type: Evidence from children and adults.","authors":"Līga Zariņa, Jurģis Šķilters, Solvita Umbraško, Santa Bartušēvica","doi":"10.1177/20416695231226157","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231226157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symmetry is an important geometric feature that affects object segmentation into parts, though De Winter and Wagemans note that partly occluded objects can still be identified by the remaining visible parts. In two sets of experiments with children (<i>n</i> = 31, age 7-11, <i>M</i> = 8.8, <i>SD</i> = 1.4) and adults (<i>n</i> = 19, age 17-57, <i>M</i> = 30.4, <i>SD</i> = 12.6), we used 13 basic geometric figures distinguished by symmetry types to test how they are naturally segmented or combined and what the developmental impacts are on the segmentation and combination. In the first experiment, participants were asked to cut figures into two along a straight line; in the second experiment, participants had to create five sets of connected two-figure combinations where overlapping figures were allowed. The results confirmed the importance of the symmetry axis in both tasks. Other relevant criteria were dividing into half, maximal/minimal curvature, and use of edges or corners for reference. This study allows comparisons of the impact of symmetry type on the segmentation and combining of geometric figures and indicates developmental differences between children and adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231226157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-22eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231226059
Tingji Chen, Terhi M Helminen, Samuli Linnunsalo, Jari K Hietanen
{"title":"Autonomic and facial electromyographic responses to watching eyes.","authors":"Tingji Chen, Terhi M Helminen, Samuli Linnunsalo, Jari K Hietanen","doi":"10.1177/20416695231226059","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231226059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We measured participants' psychophysiological responses and gaze behavior while viewing a stimulus person's direct and averted gaze in three different conditions manipulating the participants' experience of being watched. The results showed that skin conductance responses and heart rate deceleration responses were greater to direct than averted gaze only in the condition in which the participants had the experience of being watched by the other individual. In contrast, gaze direction had no effects on these responses when the participants were manipulated to believe that the other individual could not watch them or when the stimulus person was presented in a pre-recorded video. Importantly, the eye tracking measures showed no differences in participants' looking behavior between these stimulus presentation conditions. The results of facial electromyography responses suggested that direct gaze elicited greater zygomatic and periocular responses than averted gaze did, independent of the presentation condition. It was concluded that the affective arousal and attention-orienting indexing autonomic responses to eye contact are driven by the experience of being watched. In contrast, the facial responses seem to reflect automatized affiliative responses which can be elicited even in conditions in which seeing another's direct gaze does not signal that the self is being watched.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231226059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231224138
Fumiya Haraguchi, Rumi Hisakata, Hirohiko Kaneko
{"title":"Temporal integration characteristics of an image defined by binocular disparity cues.","authors":"Fumiya Haraguchi, Rumi Hisakata, Hirohiko Kaneko","doi":"10.1177/20416695231224138","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231224138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We can correctly recognize the content of an image by presenting all of the elements within a limited time, such as in a slit view or a divided painting image. It is important to clarify how temporally divided information is integrated and perceived to understand the temporal properties of the information-processing mechanism of visual systems. Previous studies related to this topic have often used two-dimensional pictorial stimuli; however, few have considered the temporal integration of binocular disparity for the recognition of objects defined with disparity. In this study, we examined image recognition properties based on the temporal integration of binocular disparity, by comparing that based on the temporal integration of luminance. The effect of element onset asynchrony (the time lag among presented elements) was somewhat similar between disparity and luminance with respect to randomly divided elements. On the other hand, under slit-vision conditions, the tolerance range of spatiotemporal integration for luminance stimuli was much wider than that for disparity stimuli. These results indicate that the temporal integration mechanism in localized areas is common to disparity and luminance, but that for global motion shows differences between the two mechanisms. Thus, we conclude that global motion has little contribution to the temporal integration of binocular disparity information for image recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231224138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}